提升乡镇政府公共产品供给能力与乡镇政府改革

我国农村公共产品供给的现状不容乐观,存在着供给短缺,供给有失公平,供给效率和质量低下等问题。应通过乡镇机构改革,提升乡镇政府提供公共产品能力。     

金融危机下的美国贸易保护新举措——购买美国货条款分析

2008年美国次贷危机引起的金融风暴席卷全球,导致全球经济形势低迷,而经济萧条从来都是贸易保护主义滋生的温床。贸易保护主义随之抬头,美国颁布《美国复兴与再投资法案》中有一条购买美国货条款引起了国际社会的强烈反对。本文就购买美国货条款进行浅析,以WTO规则为依据,分析其贸易保护实质。     

区域功能性合作与日本的文化外交——以吴哥古迹保护修复为中心

对于吴哥古迹的保护修复是日本在东亚开展功能性合作的重要案例。从区域公共产品的理论视角而言,这一案例体现出明显的"加权汇总"的供给方式。在其具体实践中又具有三个特点:通过知识传授和技术交流加强柬埔寨的自主能力;技术、经验、制度和设备等国内"比较优势"的区域性外化;多元主体的协同互补。因此,吴哥古迹保护修复成为战后日本文化外交和区域合作政策相结合的成功典型,对于日本改善国际形象、增强区域影响力、提升日柬双边关系起到了积极的作用。     

地方公共产品供给中的民主决策——以桂林市“两江四湖”工程为分析背景

公共产品的特性决定了市场供给的稀缺，因而只能依靠政府出面组织生产和供应才有可能得以解决。面对单一利益主体的格局被多元化、多层次利益主体的新格局所取代，政府必须关注公民的利益诉求，实现民主决策尤其重要。桂林市“两江四湖”工程在决策过程中，形成了政府决策主导、专家决策咨询和社会公众参与决策的联合民主决策模式，为地方政府在提供公共产品的过程中实现民主决策提供了有益的启示。     

Can Us-Type Court Management Approaches Work In Civil Law Systems? Experiences From The Balkans And Beyond

The benefit of applying modern management approaches to court operations to ensuring access to justice, timely and transparent dispositions, and increased public trust in courts is recognized in many countries. In the USA, the art of applying modern management techniques to court operations has evolved over the past 30 years into a now solidly established profession. Since the underlying principles and techniques of modern court management, such as case flow management, goal-oriented performance measures, workload assessments, customer surveys, etc., are derived from general management concepts they are not tied to a particular legal system or framework and can be successfully applied in non-US systems if they are properly adjusted. Interested in the positive results of court management in the USA, researchers and practitioners in several European countries have been looking at the applicability of the approaches used in the USA to improve their own ability to manage court processes more efficiently.Since court management has become a main staple of reforming court operations in the USA, it is not surprising that US-funded development assistance in the Balkan states and other countries often involves transferring court management US-style into the newly evolving democracies as part of rule of law or commercial sector development assistance. These projects frequently introduce, among others, case flow management techniques that sometimes seem to be in conflict with underlying legal principles or procedural laws, and often defy the local legal culture. The US-funded assistance programs are often introduced parallel to efforts funded by European and other donors, which may take and suggest different approaches to the host country. As a result, confusion and insecurity about which approaches are appropriate for a particular country can arise and impede much needed reforms or lead to legislative and regulatory changes that do not mesh well or even conflict with other parts of the legal framework.This article reviews the role of US-based court management approaches in recent court reform efforts under way in Serbia, Bosnia, and Croatia and, in light of lessons learned there and in other countries, assesses the reform processes applied and their status. It also outlines how these court management approaches fit into non-US court systems, how they can be adjusted according to individual country needs and what the main obstacles are that such reform efforts generally face.     

阴茎动脉Doppler超声分析

目的研究健康成年男性阴茎背动脉(DA)、海绵体动脉(CA)PI、RI及S/D的正常值。方法将257名健康成年男性按年龄分为5组,分别为<30岁组65名,30～39岁组83名,40～49岁组61名,50～59岁组38名,60岁以上组10名。用Logidop!2型数字式Doppler超声血流仪检查双侧阴茎背动脉、双侧海绵体动脉PI、RI及S/D值。结果阴茎疲软状态下,阴茎背动脉、海绵体动脉PI、RI和S/D值个体左右比较无差异,各年龄组也无差异。建议正常参考值分别为:(1)LDA:PI1.43～3.43,RI0.72～0.92,S/D2.68～10.56。(2)RDA:PI1.47～3.47,RI0.73～0.93,S/D3.27～10.09。(3)LCA:PI1.49～3.21,RI0.74～0.90,S/D3.17～9.55。(4)RCA:PI1.93～3.27,RI0.72～0.90,S/D3.22～9.42。结论作为一种筛选手段,Doppler超声血流检测手段,有一定的应用价值。     

大鼠死后组织细胞DNA含量变化与死亡时间的相关性研究

目的应用流式细胞术研究大鼠死后组织细胞DNA含量变化与死亡时间的相关性。方法SD大鼠断颈处死后于不同时间段取心、肝、脾、肾器官组织,经胰蛋白酶消化等处理后制成单细胞悬液,应用流式细胞术,在620nm波长处检测各组不同器官组织细胞DNA含量,观察其变化规律。结果大鼠各器官组织细胞DNA含量随死亡时间延长均呈下降趋势。其中以脾组织细胞DNA含量变化趋势与死亡时间最具相关性,肝、肾次之,而心最差;死后48h,各器官组织细胞仅存微量完整的细胞核DNA。结论机体死亡后,各器官组织细胞核DNA含量随死亡时间的延长逐渐减少,具有一定的变化规律,可应用组织细胞DNA含量变化来推断死亡时间。     

检察机关“分类审查、流程提速”机制探析

面对刑事案件高发的治安形势,探索建立"批捕案件分类审查、简易案件流程提速"工作机制,有利于实现打击犯罪与保障人权的协调统一.对公安机关提请批准的案件,按照案情计划分为简易案件和普通案件,并分别适用不同的程序,既提高了办案效率,又保障了案件质量.     

脑络通对气虚血瘀证脑缺血大鼠作用机理研究

目的：探讨脑络通对气虚血瘀证脑缺血大鼠作用机理,为脑络通的临床应用提供实验依据。方法：采用多因素病证结合气虚血瘀脑缺血大鼠模型,观察了局部脑组织血流量（ｒＣＢＦ）,脑水肿,血流流变性,血浆血栓素Ａ２（ＴＸＡ２）及前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）的变化,结果：脑络通能显著增加模型鼠ｒＣＢＦ,减轻脑水肿程度（Ｐ〈０．０１）,能显著改善模型鼠血流变性,能显著降低模型鼠血浆ＴＸＢ２水平,升高ＰＧＩ２水平（Ｐ〈０．０５     

论政府支出规则

政府的“生产”和“供给”有不同于企业生产和供给的行为特征。政府支出要注意公共产品价格与价值、价值与使用价值的动态对立统一关系,这是社会主义市场经济对政府支出行为的内在要求。