论我国船舶物权变动模式的立法选择

<物权法>对船舶物权变动采用了意思主义模式,在意思主义物权变动模式下,船舶物权变动不以登记为必要条件,登记是当事人的自愿行为而且登记只具有公示力而没有公信力.船舶物权乃物权,物权为对世权,本可对抗一切人,但依意思主义,船舶物权变动因双方当事人的合意而完成而且变动后的船舶物权在完备公示前不能对抗第三人,而不能对抗第三人之"物权"是否为真正意义上的物权,颇值疑问.一国立法在物权变动模式问题上应在考虑促进交易快捷,保障交易安全等因素的基础上做出正确的选择.     

公共行政的范式转换及其政府信任问题

政府信任是政府和公众之间基于公共利益的博弈互动关系,符合公共利益的行政价值理念将为政府提供持久的、合法的信任源泉。从官僚制到新公共管理,由于片面注重管理主义工具价值,而忽视公共利益和民主价值,不可避免地面临着政府信任的困境。民主行政作为新公共行政的学术识别系统,坚持和发展公共利益价值取向,实现价值理性和工具理性的统一,符合人类理性与社会公共利益均衡健康发展的内在需要,必然会全新构建和强化公众与政府的互信合作关系。     

Citizens’ Perceptions of Governance in Rural and Urban China

This article presents three main findings from a purposive stratified survey of urban and rural residents. First, Chinese citizens “disaggregate” the state with high levels of satisfaction for Central government that fall dramatically as government gets closer to the people. Satisfaction levels are noticeably lower for those in rural China. Second, attitudes about the way policy is implemented by local governments raise concerns. Irrespective of place of residence, respondents feel that when implementing policy local officials and governments are mainly concerned with their own interests, are more receptive to the views of their superiors rather than those of ordinary people, favor those with money, and are formalistic in implementing policy rather than dealing with actual problems. Third, the areas of work that citizens would really like government to concentrate on are job creation and providing basic guarantees to protect against the shocks of the transition to a market economy. Tony Saich is the Daewoo Professor of International Affairs, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University and Director of the Harvard University Asia Center. His recent research focuses on the development of social policy in China, particularly on the provision of public goods by local governments. His publications include Governance and Politics of China by Palgrave and edited volumes on Financial Sector Reform in China (with Yasheng Huang and Edward Steinfeld) and AIDS and Social Policy in China (with Joan Kaufman and Arthur Kleinman both by Harvard University Asia Center. He would like to thank Edward Cunningham for his great help in preparing this article. He also wants to thank Victor Yuan (Horizon Market Research Company) for his tremendous help in designing the survey and implementing it. In addition, I would like to thank Anita Chan, Martin King Whyte and two anonymous reviewers for their extremely helpful comments on an earlier draft.     

International Organizations ICTs Policies: E‐Democracy and E‐Government for Political Development

New technologies provide new channels of access to political information and participation in decision‐making processes. This assumption is clearly important in the action plans and policies of International Organizations (World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, United Nations), which have assumed a leadership role in the reform of political institutions. Starting from an analysis of the reasons that have brought the state and processes of institution building back into focus, this paper will reconstruct the International Organizations' vision of the transformative potential of new information technologies and their activity in this field. Particular attention will be devoted to e‐democracy and e‐government as policies to build democracy in developing countries.     

Social Capital and Public Policy – The Current Challenge Facing the Victorian Government

Social capital, since Putnam's 1993 work, has captured the imagination of policy‐makers the world over, and Australia is no exception. In 2005 the Department of Victorian Communities launched its Actions for Community Strengthening policy statement, which draws heavily on social capital theory. This article explores the theoretical underpinnings of the government's policy and critiques its failure to deal adequately with the causal relationship between social capital and its supposed community benefits. The article then seeks to isolate the missing factors through a look at recent research on volunteerism and argues that the institution of collaborative/interactive governance needs to be underpinned by sound socio‐economic reform.     

Were Bosnian policy research organisations more effective in 2006 than in 2003? Did technical assistance play a role?

In 2003 the policy development process in Bosnia and Herzegovina was characterised by international community (IC) dominance. The IC provided the vast majority of the analysis of problems facing the country and drafted many of the laws. This article documents developments from fall 2003 to fall 2006 in the use of evidence and analysis in the policy development process and the role of local policy research organisations (PROs—often called think tanks) in it. The likely relation between these changes and the activities of a PRO mentoring project that operated over the same period is also assessed. Evidence comes as a series of interviews in both years with government officials and members of parliament, on the one hand, and leaders of PROs and advocacy NGOs on the other. The broad picture that emerges from the above review is of a substantial positive development in the policy development process in Bosnia and Herzegovina over the period. Factual evidence and analysis are playing a much greater role, and PROs have been a major provider of this information. The evidence indicates that PROs have been successful in convincing the policy community that they are purveyors of objective, disinterested advice and analysis. The improvements occurred in a conducive environment that steadily placed greater responsibility for policy formation on Bosnian officials. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地方政府执行力问题探析

政府执行力是维系一个政府机构生存和发展的决定性力量。提高政府执行力,是加强执政能力建设,推动政府工作落实,实践和落实科学发展观的重要保证。     

转变职能 服务“三农”

乡镇政府作为我国的基层政府,直接面对农村广大人民群众,如何围绕服务“三农”去实现乡镇政府职能的转变,这关系到党在农村各项方针政策的贯彻落实和农村基层政权的巩固。随着农业税的取消以及“以工哺农”发展新时期的到来,农业与农村工作形势发生了巨大的变化,乡镇政府职能必须由侧重经济建设,向强化社会管理和公共服务转变。     

论中国共产党执政为民理念在不同时期的创新性

中国共产党执政为民理念是以马克思主义的执政理念为指导形成的，并伴随时代的发展而不断创新，从全心全意为人民服务到共同富裕和代表最广大人民群众的根本利益，再到以人为本，尽管在不同的历史时期有不同的表述形式，但其核心价值理念始终未变，对完成特定时期的执政目标具有重要的指导作用。     

国家干预的制度创新:第三部门——兼论第三部门与政府干预的维度

经济与社会治理应突破市场与国家非此即彼的单项选择,构造由市场、社会和国家共同参与的三维治理方案。为促进经济与社会的协调发展和谋求国际竞争优势,各国政府的治道变革方兴未艾,其中第三部门承担干预职能是政府治理变革的重要选择。