领导干部的OSL品德测评模式及其运行机制——基于部分省市党政干部品德测评实践的思考

德才兼备以德为先,一直是我们国家的人才政治原则。本文在回顾国家相关文件政策与分析当前党政领导干部品德测评问题与实践的基础上,基于品德的资本性、可测量性与可开发性,从人力资源开发的视角,提出了包含评价、任用、开发的一体化的OSL动态测评模式,并对这种测评模式提出的背景与原因,内涵、结构及其运行机制进行了相关的分析。文章认为,品德测评不是目的,目的是要通过品德测评来提升领导干部的品德素养。本文设计的OSL测评模式,不仅仅在于对领导干部品德行为的养成效果进行评定,而且这种有组织有计划的品德行为测评本身模式具有开发的功效,能够对领导干部的行为养成进行反馈、调节与引领。     

地方政府发展中的城投债分析

该文从城投债的性质入手,分析了城投债对地方政府的危害,并结合地方政府债券市场发展的经验,提出了城投债市场规范发展的政策建议。     

乡镇自治式改革的背景、意义及前景分析

随着我国农村各项事业改革的日益深入,乡镇政府逐渐成为改革的焦点。人们从不同的角度提出了各自的改革方案,其中之一就是主张像村民自治一样,在乡镇一级也实行自治式改革。本文就针对“乡镇自治”这一改革方向从其提出的背景、意义以及发展前景等方面阐述一些浅显的看法。     

公共服务能力建设要点分析

公共服务能力建设是公共行政能力、执政能力建设的重要内容。公共服务能力是指以政府为主体的公共组织满足一定范围公民的公共需求的有效性。为增强公共服务能力建设的针对性和实效性,公共服务能力建设要围绕公共组织在公共服务中的一些基本能力要素进行,主要包括公共服务价值目标平衡能力、公共服务信息开发与利用能力、公共服务品种与技术创新能力、公共服务责任分担与利益协调能力、公共服务供给组织能力等。     

试论地方政府绩效评估机制改革

传统考核机制对于提高地方各级政府及其公务员的公共管理能力缺乏必要的激励作用,改革完善乃至建立新的绩效评估机制已是当务之急。新的绩效评估机制应以效率和公正性作为绩效评估的基本标准,构建组织绩效评估和个人绩效评估两大指标体系,确定评估主体,内部评估和外部评估相结合,改革和完善政府绩效评估机制。     

立足制度创新 推进服务型政府建设

当前,我国掀起了一股建立服务型政府的改革浪潮。本文试图通过推行机构弹性制、民众参与制、绩效评估制、政府问责制来推进服务型政府建设。     

Exploiting the common pool or looking to the future? A study of free-riding leading up to the 2007 municipal amalgamations in Denmark

ABSTRACT

Municipal amalgamations can create incentives for opportunistic behaviour. Several fairly recent studies have examined this on amalgamations in Denmark and Sweden using the so-called law of 1 over n. However, they have yielded inconclusive results and I argue that one plausible explanation is a theoretical deficiency in the law, as it does not account for how future political representation can mitigate the incentive to free-ride. I examine this using large-scale amalgamations in Denmark in 2007. This case is quite unique as the amalgamations were implemented in such a manner that they constitute a quasi-experiment, and because an extra fiscal year was added to the election period where the composition of the new councils was known with certainty, while the municipalities retained some decision-making power. The study’s findings are consistent with the argument that the incentive to free-ride depends on the decision makers’ future political stake in the new, amalgamated municipality.     

Population size or population density? An empirical examination of scale economies in South Australian local government, 2015/16

ABSTRACT

Advocates of amalgamation typically claim that substantial scale economies flow from municipal mergers, which generate larger local government entities by population size. We examined whether economies of scale exist in council outlays by analysing the expenditure of 68 South Australian local government areas using data from the 2015/16 financial year. However, given the correlation between population size and population density it is important to determine whether the influence of population size on expenditure is due to variations in population density. We find that when local government areas are stratified into subgroups on the basis of population density, the evidence of economies of scale largely evaporates. From a policy perspective, this suggests that in place of municipal mergers, policymakers should instead explore avenues for shared service arrangements in those functions which exhibit scale economies.     

The Welfare Conventions Approach: A Comparative Perspective on Social Impact Bonds

Abstract

The Social Impact Bond (SIB) is a new funding mechanism for welfare programs. It is supposed to create savings for the public sector from which private returns can be deducted. Presented as a purely technical solution, SIBs discard their political morality. The Welfare Convention Approach (WCA) is designed for studying SIBs as disputed and versatile welfare apparatuses. It is claimed that elements from diverse historical welfare conventions (the philanthropic, communitarian, civic, market, full employment, entrepreneurial, financial, and behavioral) reveal the diverse institutional conflicts and compromises of SIBs at the time they are implemented. In so doing, the WCA informs comparative research on SIBs.     

Police Performance As Symbolic Politics? Public Recognition and the Value of Awards

Abstract

What constitutes “good” performance in a law enforcement agency, who decides, and how does public recognition of that performance change how an agency performs? This study uses a quasi-experimental design and propensity-score matching model to assess the impact of a law enforcement agency’s status as a finalist for the annual Cisco/International Chiefs of Police Association (IACP) Community Policing Award on performance in future years, as measured by crime clearance rates. It is found that after comparing the treated group (finalist agencies) with the untreated group (non-finalist nearest-neighbor agencies), there is no meaningful difference in crime clearance rates. This unexpected finding establishes that the public recognition of finalist status by the Department of Justice, which promotes finalist agencies as exemplars of best practices in community policing, does not impact the subsequent performance of those agencies. Additionally, the results of the model suggest that the impact of symbolic politics and social construction on the award finalist selection process and the choice by DOJ to promote the practices of those agencies should be explored. Questions are also raised as to the utility of crime clearance rates as a performance measure, and future avenues for research in each area are proposed.