The Jews of early modern Marburg, 1640s—1800: A case study in family and household organization

This article examines Jewish household and family organization in a middle-sized German city, the Upper Hessian regional center of Marburg, the population of which ranged from 2500 to 6000 from the Thirty Years War to the end of the 18th century. Some general hypotheses about population development, household structure, and family life conveniently summarized by Toch [Toch, M. (1995). Aspects of stratification in early modern German Jewry: Population history and village Jews. In R. P. Hsia & H. Lehmann (Eds.). In and out of the ghetto: Jewish-Gentile relations in late medieval and early modern Germany (pp. 77-89). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press] serve as an organizational frame for the case study. In Toch's view, Jews' comparative wealth, as well as governmental restrictions on their settlement and marriage in central Europe, led to their having larger and more complex households than those of the Christian majority. While household enumerations over time confirm several of Toch's observations, especially the larger size of Jewish families, neither Hessian settlement policy nor local Marburg opposition prevented the Jewish minority of about 1% from keeping pace with general population growth. Moreover, Jews did not respond to their regulated living conditions and status as cultural outsiders with a family organization exhibiting remarkably more internal complexity than did Christian households.     

我国现行农村农民自组织制度的不对称及其修正

我国现行农村农民的自组织制度是行政组织与经济组织、公共职能与市场职能、社会职能与文化职能的二重产物。要建立真正的农村市场经济体制,必须剥离和重新配置行政与经济的两要素,对农村农民的自组织制度进行企业化改组。     

合作社法律制度研究述评

现代意义上合作社法律制度研究到目前为止在我国已有近10年的历史积累,合作社的相关法律问题在法学和管理学界已得到了较为深入的探讨,文章在在当前的研究基础上对合作社的有关主要法律问题诸如合作社的法律性质、合作社的法律地位、合作社的立法体系、合作社的治理结构、合作社的竞争秩序规制、合作社的公共积累产权安排制度以及合作社的社会责任等作一述评.     

西部民族地区县级党组织执政能力问题初探

西部民族地区县级党组织执政能力是党的整体执政能力的重要部分,必须认真分析当前西部民族地区县级党组织执政能力存在的问题及成因,落实党的十六届四中全会精神,加强西部民族地区县级党组织执政能力建设,提高其执政能力。     

经济公益诉讼地位研究

经济公益诉讼地位的不确定及其制度的缺失使诸多侵害国家、社会和不特定多数人利益的违法行为得不到有效制裁,这在一定程度上影响了法治建设的推进。公益诉讼作为一种维护社会公共利益的特殊方式,为公众已经觉醒的民主意识和法制观念提供了一个新的施展平台,公益诉讼制度有利于国家利益和社会公共利益的全面维护,有利于监督并提高行政机关依法办事的水平。     

公安机关计算机信息泄密的主要渠道及防范措施

计算机作为一种高速的信息处理工具和大容量的信息存储设备,已被广泛应用到公安工作的各个领域,极大地提高了公安机关的工作效率。但同时也给人们提出了一个严峻的新课题,就是如何保证计算机及计算机网络中信息的安全,防止失泄密事件。     

创新农民组织新模式的有益尝试——桂北农民组织建设的实践与思考

通过一种有效形式把分散经营的农户在诸多产业链上与市场连接起来,创建"党群致富联合体",实现农民共同富裕,是桂北农民的新尝试.     

欠发达地区农村基层党组织建设的困境与出路

必须以"三个代表"重要思想为指导,以战略眼光和全局性思维审视当前农村党建工作中的薄弱环节,找准病症的引发根源,统筹兼顾,创新农村基层党组织的设置方式和工作方式,不断增强党组织的凝聚力和战斗力.     

台湾金融控股公司的监管

台湾在“金融监督管理委员会组织法”实施以前,其金融监管体制采行的是多元监 管模式。相应地,对金控公司实行的是多元监管和机构监管。由于这种监管体制存在明显的制度缺 陷,难以适应金融自由化以及金融控股公司成立和金融集团增加后的监管需要,为此进行了循序渐 进的金融改革。而台湾完善其金控公司监管机制所走的路径和美国大体是一致的。改革后,台湾在 金控公司的监管方面逐渐构建起具有自身特色的监管模式。该模式的主要特点是一元化监管、准功 能性监管和以风险为基础的监管。至于其对金控公司的监管内容主要包括金控公司的市场准入条 件、资本充足率、风险集中度等方面;此外,台湾还借鉴了美国的加重责任制度以补充监管的不足。 尽管其监管体制还面临诸多不足,但成效渐显。     

Biotic Carbon Sequestration and the Kyoto Protocol: The Construction of Global Knowledge by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

This paper explores the dynamics of the production of global knowledge by an international knowledge organization, in this case the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Based on previous notions of international boundary organizations, the idea of international knowledge organizations emphasizes the knowledge generation function of such organizations rather than their convening function. Using the case of controversial Kyoto Protocol biotic carbon sequestration policies, I argue that boundary work and uncertainty management are the essential dynamics in the successful construction of global knowledge by international knowledge organizations. This uncertainty management occurs in a manner broadly, although not completely, in conformance with the institutional preferences of powerful policy actors. Global knowledge can legitimate and help refine global policies, but the process of its construction must be iterative and transparent if it is to be credible for global environmental governance over the long-term.