难行监督之事的监事——日本监事制度的发展历程与启示

我国公司法与日本公司法不仅对公司管理结构有着相似的规定,而且在公司监事的实务方面也面临着许多相似的难题。通过对有着100余年历史的日本监事制度修改历程的研究,总结其在解决这些难题上的经验与教训,必定会对我国公司内部监督体制的发展与完善,提供非常有益的参考。     

Executive overstretch: South African broadcasting independence and accountability under Thabo Mbeki

Abstract

In this article I examine the extent of the South African broadcasting sector's independence and accountability since Thabo Mbeki became president in 1999. I trace how the independence of two institutions – the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (Icasa) and the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) – has been eroded over this period. While initially the government justified this erosion as being necessary to attain developmental objectives in the context of a globalising economy, more lately there have been attempts to justify greater state control of content. Icasa has been subjected to greater direct executive control, and there are attempts to intensify this control, while the executive exercises indirect control over the SABC. Greater accountability to the state has been accompanied by a decline in public accountability. I conclude by arguing that the experiences with Icasa and the SABC give credence to the argument made by several international NGOs that media freedom in South Africa is declining, in spite of official protestations to the contrary. I also argue that this control has damaged the integrity of these institutions, and that this integrity must be restored now that Mbeki's presidency is coming to an end.     

LETTERS

正It is an appropriate choice to create the BRICS New Development Bank,because it signifi es reorganization of the international economic and monetary system,which obviates over-dependence on the U.S.dollar.The new bank will consolidate the fi nancial independence of several states and stimulate the economic revival of many developing countries,especially in Africa.The BRICS nations command great force.I advise them to cooperate with the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States     

推而行之存乎人——谈法官行为与司法独立机制的实施效果

司法独立机制的实现受多方面因素的影响,缜密的司法制度,合理的权力配置体制,完善的法律法规等,都对司法独立起着不容忽视的作用.其中起着决定性作用的一环应为人的因素,在假设其他影响因素都达到完善的情况下,法官在执法工作中的法律信仰、专业素质等各种行为都对司法独立机制的实施效果产生着一定的影响.     

自主性视角下的平台经济非典型劳动者保护

平台经济形态下非典型劳动用工的法律保护宜理性回归劳动法规范目的,顺承"自主性"发展趋势进行"激励性"构建。在互联网平台经济背景下,信息技术发展与市场经济效率追逐进一步融合,使得伦理张力扩大,劳动控制形态"时空"限缩,劳动契约的激励性设计与劳动者自身激励相容,典型劳动关系的"从属性"形式被进一步突破,引发了劳动用工非典型化发展的利益平衡困局。同样,立基于激励相容的制度伦理设计,非典型劳动关系的法律适用应从劳动法规范目的展开,立于"从属性"但也兼顾"自主性"需求。一方面,理论指引层面将制度伦理所需保护法益区分化激励调适;另一方面,"自主性"激励理念的制度实现上,可主要通过职业风险保障、集体协商与声誉激励等社会化机制分别在安全层、能力层与环境层上推进"自主性"底基加固、议价能力提升与竞争性促进等保障措施完善,以促进非典型劳动者基本权益的激励性保护目的实现。     

Decoupling trends: Drivers of agency independence in telecommunications: An analysis of high and middle-income countries

Global diffusion of regulatory reforms in telecommunications has prevailed in many countries, engendering major institutional changes and entailing the establishment and/or reform of regulatory agencies. Although the triggers and timing of such agentification processes have been more or less similar, agency independence displays significant cross-country variation. Seeking to explain such variation based on a sample incorporating middle-income countries (MICs), this paper examines the impact of political-institutional settings in which the agencies operate, in addition to the impact of economic parameters. Regression analysis reveals that political rights appear as the central parameter, while their impact is more robust in MICs than in advanced countries. The results underscore considerable cross-national variation in regulatory governance, along with a noteworthy decoupling between MICs and advanced countries. Concurring with the regulatory regionalism perspective, the paper delineates distinct regional clusters, albeit remaining agnostic about the determinants of such clusters.     

Political competition and de facto judicial independence in non‐democracies

This article investigates the role of political competition in explaining de facto judicial independence in non‐democratic regimes. It argues that the electoral, political insurance explanation popular in the study of courts in democracies also offers explanatory power in the autocratic context, despite popular wisdom otherwise: due to the relatively greater risks of losing power in non‐democracies, electoral competition is highly salient when present. This is examined via hierarchical and fixed effects models that show competition strongly associated with increased levels of independence. This relationship is robust to alternative model and data specification, and has strong out‐of‐sample predictive accuracy.     

对实践和认识关系的反思

本文针对现行认识论重实践、轻认识的倾向 ,认为应重视认识的相对独立性和能动反作用问题 ,加强认识的地位和作用的专门论述 ,突出认识、理论对实践的重要性。     

建设高等教育强国视角下的大学生人格培养观

高等教育强国是教育部对高等教育作出的战略调整;＂90后＂大学生的人格特点是不能独立和不会共生;信息时代与竞争时代呼吁大学生应该具备独立与共生的人格;建设高等教育强国视角下的大学生的人格培养目标是独立与共生。     

亲仁善邻协和万邦——邓小平和平外交思想探源

邓小平同志是彻底的爱国主义者、天才的外交家.他不但科学地继承、丰富和发展了毛泽东、周恩来的外交思想和理论,而且在他身上还富含着中华民族的智慧和传统的外交理念.他的外交思想是我们学之不尽、受益无穷的精神宝库.