Special Interests,Regulatory Quality,and the Pesticides Overload

Pesticides overuse is a serious threat to ecosystems and wildlife, human health, and agricultural sustainability. So far, however, social scientists have not produced systematic evidence on the political–economic determinants of pesticides overuse. We argue that the agrochemical industry, as a profit‐motivated interest group, will only mobilize politically to avoid reductions in pesticides use when regulatory institutions are potentially capable of correcting a market failure. If regulatory institutions are weakened by corruption or other factors, pesticides overuse occurs with or without the influence of the agrochemical industry. We test this interactive theory systematically against quantitative data on pesticides use in 24 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries, 1991–2003. Using corruption and other indicators to capture bureaucratic quality, we find substantively large and statistically robust interactive effects. The agrochemical industry is a crucial determinant of pesticides use in nations with low corruption, whereas the agrochemical industry has no effect on pesticides use under corrupt regulatory institutions. Troublingly, these results imply that reduced corruption may not improve actual regulatory effectiveness unless political institutions can somehow constrain the influence of special interests.     

支持陕西安康“十二五”做大做强材料产业

我国材料产业尤其是新材料产业正处于强劲发展的重要阶段。陕西安康发展材料产业的最大困难,就是缺少大资金投入和大项目牵引。"十二五"时期,充分利用安康丰富的资源优势,集中力量做大做强材料产业,应是安康加快发展的战略选择,也是实现突破发展的现实路径。     

流动人口来京主要成因分析

流动人口来京的主要成因包括城市化因素、经济因素、区位因素、文化教育因素和交通设施因素五大方面。从城市化因素来看,北京的城市化进程是流动人口涌入北京的主要拉力,同时又影响着在京流动人口的区域分布;从经济因素来看,北京市经济增长与流动人口规模呈正相关关系,北京市产业结构决定了流动人口数量和结构及其分布;从区位因素来看,首都因素对人口流入的拉力效应明显,来京流动人口主要来自京津冀及环渤海区域,而且北京在全国特大城市中的竞争力也是其吸引人口流入的关键因素;从北京市的文化教育和城市基础设施因素来看,优质教育资源、历史文化名城的吸引力和包容性、全国交通枢纽地位和发达的城市基础设施是流动人口来京的重要推动因素。     

当前社会稳定情况调查报告——基于浙江省的研究

社会稳定是社会发展进步的前提和基础。本报告根据浙江省的调查,对当前社会稳定情况进行了分析,认为群众对当前社会稳定情况的评价相对较高,对未来社会稳定发展的预期也比较乐观。同时,群众对威胁社会稳定的一些典型性行为的支持度有明显区别,呈现喜忧参半的现象。此外,群众认为官员腐败、贫富分化与社会治安是当前影响社会稳定的三大因素。在此基础上,本报告提出了若干建议,以期进一步促进社会稳定和谐。     

On Individual Business System in Normal Market

Individual business is a business entity system created in the practice of reform and opening up in China. It is the largest market entity in China, and its vitality lies in the "family culture" characteristics of Chinese society. Although individual businesses have been confirmed by law at all levels, they still have transitional and non-normative doubts. In some places, individual businesses have been transformed into enterprises. Individual businesses take advantage of the natural credit bond, low cost of organization and coordination, and are targeted to meet the needs of the market, which is conducive to absorbing employment and balancing wealth, easy to disperse and digest business risks, and has a competitive advantage in the low-end market. In a normal market, the rational choice of the parties concerned should be respected, the hierarchical structure of the market should be adapted, the complete ecology of market subjects should be maintained, and the reform of individual enterprises should be prudently implemented.     

论弱势群体的界定——兼论弱势群体保护制度与社会保障制度的区别

弱势群体保护问题的理论基础在于保障人的实质平等权和发展权,社会保障制度则以保障生存权为基础;弱势群体首先是一个社会学范畴,它泛指那些在实现基本权利的手段上面临困难最大的群体;鉴于社会保障制度和弱势群体保护制度在制度理念、基本原则和保护对象上存在差异,因此,社会保障对象与弱势群体是两个不同的范畴,二者范围不同。     

对弱势群体的政策支持刍议——以武汉市A区实施分散按比例安排残疾人就业政策为例

关注弱势群体,给予弱势群体必要的政策支持是构建社会主义和谐社会的必然要求。残疾人属于弱势群体,因此,政府有责任通过多方位、多角度的政策支持促进其就业,增强其平等参与社会生活的积极性和创造性。本文通过对武汉市A区分散按比例安排残疾人就业政策的实施、政策实施的成效及存在的问题进行分析,在此基础上提出政策优化建议。     

商业秘密犯罪抗制对策论略

在日益发达的经济全球化的信息时代,侵犯商业秘密犯罪正如附生于经济体的“毒瘤”,吞噬着商事企业的健康活力。2009年的“力拓案”让国人对侵犯商业秘密犯罪危害的认识更深了一层,中国此类犯罪的猖獗令人再度警觉。在全球范围内,侵害商业秘密犯罪形势也不容乐观,美德日等国的“商业间谍”屡屡兴风作浪,给全球经济的健康发展造成巨大危害。各国都力图通过一些法律来遏制此类犯罪,中国也应从着手从立法、司法、行政管理、企业管理制度、商业伦理、传统文化等多重层面入手,来构建系统的侵犯商业秘密犯罪的抗制对策体系。     

工业旅游发展的“达利”模式研究

随着旅游消费的升级,工业旅游、农业旅游、邮轮旅游、高尔夫旅游等旅游新业态不断涌现,产业融合成为旅游产业发展的新趋势。文章在阐述国内外工业旅游研究现状与意义的基础上,以浙江达利丝绸工业旅游区为例,从产业融合的视角,分析了达利工业旅游融合发展的动因与过程,剖析其融合障碍,修正了“达利”模式及其配套措施,提出了模式的适用性与对同类工业旅游发展的启示。