城市化与产业发展——一种匹配的视角

城市化与产业发展是相互促进、互为因果的关系。城市与产业之间存在双向选择的机制,结果是城市产业的产生和产业发展,城市化的不断推进。城市化的动态持续性推进又不断地调整供给需求两个方面的有机结构及其内部结构,为产业发展提供了必要的条件并刺激产业不断发展。即城市化与产业发展之间存在一种动态变化的匹配机制。     

从传播学视角看勒庞“大众心理学”

文章通过对大众心理学的简单梳理与分析、与传播学中相似理论观点的对比联系以及对现今问题的一些思考启示,指出应该以正确的角度与心态去研究与分析大众心理学,勒庞对于大众心理的精确分析与论述却值得深入学习与借鉴,这一理论对于解决现实社会问题也有深远意义。     

Reading in Community,Reading for Community: A Survey of Book Clubs in Regional Australia

Worries about weakening community are central to assessments of modern Australia, yet it is easy to overlook the everyday ways we “do” and participate in community life. Book clubs are one area of community participation largely ignored by researchers despite the local and national proliferation of such clubs. Surveying twenty-two book groups and ninety-seven book club members, this study investigates the roles that book clubs play in the cultural and community life of a regional area of Tasmania. The results show that book clubs promote regular intellectual engagement and provide for a distinct female sociality that consolidates and creates new social connections and function as everyday “escape attempts” from the obligations of work and family. We suggest that the support and development of local book club programs may have considerable potential as a strategy for Australian governments and communities to foster a sense of community.     

贵州少数民族地区小城镇工业研究报告

一、贵州少数民族地区社会经济发展概况贵州是多民族的省份,少数民族有苗、布依、侗、士家、彝、讫佬、水、回、白、黎、壮、毛难、瑶、蒙古、满、土、东乡、仫佬、羌、京、藏、景颇、傣等23个,其中苗、布依、侗、土家、彝、瑶、回、白、水、仡佬等民族,是贵州的世居少数民族.全省少数民族的分布存在着多层次的聚居区和杂散区.迄今为止,有3个自治州和11个自治县,民族区域自治地方的人口为13319100人,占全省总人口的41.3%;其中汉族5797853人,占全省汉族总人口的27.41%,少数民族人口7521247人,占全省少数民族人口的66.94%.民族区域自治地方是第一层次的少数民族聚居区,相对而言,非自治地方是少数民族的杂散     

Creating Surplus Labour: Neo-Liberal Transformations and the Development of Relative Surplus Population in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Many among the world’s population are surplus to the requirements of capital accumulation. These are people who become engaged in precarious employment both in rural and urban contexts and those who are involuntarily unemployed. Their presence has been particularly acute in “peripheral countries.” Mainstream economic literature explains this in terms of the dual labour market, where it is argued that surplus labour will eventually disappear with market-led economic development. Contrary to this explanation, this article argues, using Marx’s concept of relative surplus population (RSP), that under the existing neo-liberal framework such labour vulnerability is continually being created. This article charts the developmental history of Indonesia and demonstrates that the growth of RSP is an outcome of a neo-liberal transformation which favours capital accumulation at the service of global markets. Neo-liberal adjustments shape the development of RSP in three related ways. First, the adjustments change class relations and transform state orientation. Second, the reconfiguration of class dynamics and the state shapes the model of accumulation. Third, the model of accumulation eventually affects the size of RSP. It is argued that the disconnection between the domestic agricultural development and industrialisation has contributed to the maintenance of a large RSP in Indonesia.     

法学意义上的社会弱势群体概念

对社会弱势群体概念的理解和认识不应当局限于社会学领域。因为那只是对社会弱势群体的多元化解释中的一种。既然法律是调控人类社会生活的主要规则 ,社会弱势群体就必然需要法律的调整、帮助和保护。那么 ,从法学的角度对社会弱势群体进行解释就并非毫无意义。在法学中 ,社会弱势群体是指由于社会条件和个人能力等方面存在障碍而无法实现其基本权利 ,需要国家帮助和社会支持以实现其基本权利的群体。因此 ,社会弱势群体概念的外延决定于现时社会中被人们认可的基本权利。同时社会弱势群体并不是严格意义上的比较性概念 ,而是身分性概念。     

Lobbying in the 21st century

This paper suggests that the nature of activism is changing to take account of the shifts in political and economic conditions. It further goes on to consider that as a result of these emerging trends we have witnessed a generational shift in how governments, businesses, interest groups and citizens will interact. It is possible to place the issues and questions that this new environment raises under a number of broad headings—Democracy and Dissent, Government and Parliament, Media, and Lobbying –each of which the paper deals with in turn. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications.     

Pollution,Politics, and Preferences for Environmental Spending in the States

While state environmental and natural resource spending is designed to address actual environmental problems, the budget process is also inherently political. Thus, in the following article we ask a simple question: to what extent does state environmental and natural resource spending respond to the scope of environmental problems in a state, versus the demands of the political process? Unlike the bulk of previous research, we consider both aggregate spending and program‐specific spending. We also consider how the severity of environmental problems and the political environment may interact to determine spending. The findings show that politics, specifically the strength of the environmental movement, is a more important determinant of state environmental spending than pollution severity. However, for some program areas, it appears that strong environmental groups make state budgets more responsive to the severity of environmental problems.     

产业集群发展中非正式制度的作用与变迁——以广东南庄镇建陶产业集群为例

非正式制度是在人们长期交往中形成的,由伦理规范、风俗习惯、价值观等构成,它在产业集群发展中所扮演的角色经历了一个动态变迁过程。从对广东南庄镇建陶产业集群的变迁考察可见,在市场发展早期要素市场缺失的情况下,非正式制度对产业集群中企业家的出现和要素资源的聚集发挥了巨大作用。但随着市场经济的发展,产业集群中的人格化交易逐步被匿名的市场交易所替代,非正式制度治理经济交易的功能受到了严重削弱,并逐渐被正式制度所替代。     

基于重大项目带动战略的特色产业集群与路径依赖研究——以景德镇陶瓷特色产业集群为例

江西特色产业集群要走自主创新的发展路径，首先要形成一种自主创新的意识；其次作为自主创新主体的企业，必须将组织纳入知识创新认知新模式，自觉地进行科学发现、技术发明、知识创造、新知识首次应用以及模仿等各种知识创新。