The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Robbed: Inequality in U.S. Criminal Victimization, 1974–2000

This paper investigates inequality in criminal victimization in the United States over the past quarter century. By analyzing data from the National Crime Victimization Survey, it shows that the crime drop since the early 1970s has benefited upper-income households much more than the poor, so that criminal victimization has become more concentrated among the poor (particularly in the area of nonstranger violence). The paper then decomposes this trend statistically in order to investigate factors that may explain it. That analysis finds that demographic changes in each quintile explain a significant share of the growing concentration of criminal victimization among the poor.     

公共管理学思想源流探析

公共管理学的思想源流汇集政治学、经济学、管理学等多学科的理论体系及其方法。其历史沿革要追溯到公共行政学的由来;新公共管理有公共政策途径和企业管理途径两种概念演进途径;当代公共管理学的理论基础源自公共选择理论、新制度经济学等。     

试论党的干部制度改革的发展趋势

从权力制约和任职制度(权利授予)两个方向来看,干部监督、民主制度、公示制度和干部退休、干部选拔、干部交流、干部考核等七个方面应是我党干部制度改革的发展趋势,即:干部监督力度不断加大,民主制度和公示制度逐步健全;建立和完善干部退休制度,废除领导职务终身制;党政领导干部选拔任用工作逐渐规范化、制度化;干部交流工作逐渐规范化,范围逐步扩大;党政领导干部考核工作进一步完善。     

切实转变政府职能的若干思考

党的十六大报告对我国当前及今后一段时期政府职能的准确定位,充分体现了与时俱进的精神.我们应把握好这一定位,切实转变政府职能.     

马克思新社会制度构想的当代回响——当代左派话语的深层历史逻辑

资本主义生产是为交换价值的生产,这个看似平常的结论其实是马克思对于资本主义研究的一个最重要发现.马克思预言未来代替资本主义的将是一个为使用价值而非交换价值而生产的全新社会.马克思的这个预言是当代社会主义理论与实践最重要的启示录.当代左派话语关于未来社会制度设计的讨论,始终围绕如下论题展开如何用基于使用价值的社会主义等值经济来取代基于交换价值的资本主义市场经济.     

论传统刑法文化对刑事司法所带来的负面影响及其改进

当今中国比较先进的刑事司法制度为什么不能很好地付诸实施?其原因可能是多方面的。试图从刑法文化视角进行诠释。主要观点是:(1)刑法文化包括观念性刑法文化和制度性刑法文化,它们之间的冲突是导致刑事司法不能很好地遵守刑事法规定现象产生的原因。(2)之所以发生观念性刑法文化和制度性刑法文化的冲突,主要是由于影响当今法官观念性刑法文化的中国传统刑法文化存在不足。(3)要想使刑事司法制度得以实现,就必须改进中国传统刑法文化之不足。     

Exploring the Genesis of Economic Innovations: The Religious Gestalt-Switch and the Duty to Invent as Preconditions for Economic Growth

This paper discusses changes in the level of knowledge, i.e. learning, as a key source of economic growth, and argues that historically a radical change in attitude towards new knowledge has been a necessary precondition for economic growth. The Renaissance created this radically new attitude in Europe, and this paper discusses contributions to economic theory and economic policy of some of the most influential scientists involved in this process: Francis Bacon (1561-1626) in England, and Leibniz (1646-1716) and Christian Wolff (1679-1754) in Germany. It is argued that these polyhistors viewed economic change as a dynamic knowledge-based process–a view that has important similarities with modern evolutionary or Schumpeterian economics. These similarities have so far not been recognized, and the paper suggests that modern economic theory would benefit from studying the theoretical and practical economics of these philosophers who laid the foundations for the industrial revolution.     

关于社会主义政治文明的几个问题述评

充分认识与注重政治体制改革作为推进社会主义政治文明建设有效途径的客观必然性,以及对这种必然性保持正确的把握,是面向21世纪社会主义政治文明建设必须体现的基本要求。政治文明是社会文明结构中不可或缺的组成部分。任何一种社会,都是由经济、政治、文化三个基本方面构成的,其文明结构也表现为物质文明、政治文明和精神文明。     

Income transfers,entrepreneurial effort,and the Coase theorem: The case for efficiency reconsidered

The Coase theorem asserts that private bargaining can overcome the difficulties posed by an externality situation and lead to a first-best allocative solution. For such idealized efficiency to be achieved, however, it is generally recognized that certain very special conditions must be met—including the assumption of zero transaction costs. In opposition to this view, the paper argues that the special simplifying conditions usually specified in the literature are not sufficient. Unless stringent supplementary conditions are introduced, private bargaining will not bring about a first-best solution. Indeed, if the standard assumptions are met but the supplementary conditions of the paper are not, government intervention in the externality case can be expected to produce a solution that is Pareto superior to the one generated by private bargaining.     

非正规就业的发展与工会运动的变革

在全球就业形势严峻的背景之下,非正规就业作为对正规就业的补充和扩展,受到国际劳工组织和众多国家的倡导和鼓励。但是,非正规就业的发展势必会撼动传统工会运动的群众基础。工会只有采取积极的对策,才能化险为夷。