认同重构与文化整合——吴越文化的东周外部叙事

吴越文化在历经东周方国覆灭、民族大离散之后,由于话语权的缺失,其自身除了地域因素之外在物质意义上的文化传承能力基本丧失,而掌握着绝对话语权的中原文化解释系统对其的外部叙事却在某种程度上为吴越文化的传承在文献上连接起了这中断的一环。中原外部叙事一方面保存、还原了某些吴越文化的真实面貌,另一方面也自然而然地流露出了以“礼制”为文化解释核心的中原文化立场叙事框架下的认同重构与文化整合意识,表现出一方面极尽对吴越文化的歧视与排斥,另一方面却又积极寻求对某些文化共性的吸纳的双重姿态,吴越文化的东周转型正是在排斥与吸纳的双重叙事的中原文化认同重构与文化整合之下完成的。     

Intergovernmental Organization Memberships: Examining Political Community and the Attributes of International Organizations

Why are states jointly members in certain intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) but not others? Despite the proliferation of IGOs and renewed interest in this topic, we lack systematic research to answer this question. Our theory of political community explains why dyads of states are likely to be common members in particular types of IGOs. We analyze and compare functionalist and Deutschian communitarian perspectives about IGO memberships. We test our theory using newly available data on IGO mandates and institutional structure, which allows us to make specific predictions about the types of IGO to which dyads become members. We show that dyads that are economically dependent, and/or democratic and enjoying enduring peace, are more likely to join those IGOs that possess high levels of institutional structure. Militarized interstate conflicts reduce the likelihood of states sharing membership in common IGO, but not substantially, whereas development and alliances also increase IGO memberships between states. Trade ties, however, are the most important determinant of joint membership between states in the most institutionalized IGOs, which is congruent with security communities.     

The analysis of biological samples from crime scene for a future human DNA profile confrontation. Effects of presumptive test reagents on the ability to obtain STR profiles for human identification

Because of the increase of evidence of blood stains, that have been washed or cleaned in an attempt to mask the analysis of DNA profiles, there is also an increase in the use of presumptive tests on samples sent to laboratories. Some of the presumptive tests, used to identify blood and semen stains, could potentially affect the recovery of high molecular weight DNA from the samples, or extinguish them, especially those already present in small quantities. After the presumptive tests, often these samples are discarded. This study aimed to examine the possibility of obtaining a DNA profile from samples submitted for presumptive testing and cleaned with bleaches with and without chlorine. Two different protocols were conducted: (a) A unique sample of human blood in natura (5 μL), already typed through the DNA techniques with the genetic profile previously known (control), was distributed onto cotton fabrics and dried at room temperature. Four samples of fabric were macerated in saline solution and Coombs serum and then stored for three months (room temperature and freezer −20 °C). (b) Another sample of human blood, type A, in natura, already typed through the techniques of DNA (control) was used. Aliquots of 200 μL were distributed in: cotton, denim and synthetic fabric. The samples were dried at room temperature for 24 h. The blood stains in those fabrics (cotton, denim and synthetic) were then divided into three groups: unwashed, cleaned with chlorine bleach and cleaned with chlorine bleach and soap powder. The samples were again dried at room temperature for 24 h, before the use of luminol. The DNA were extracted with Chelex 100 and amplified with the Identifiler Kit (Applied Biosystems). The blood stains exposed to saline and Coombs serum had DNA profiles consistent with untreated samples (controls). This result shows that the experts should keep and store the samples treated with saline and Coombs serum for future DNA confrontation when necessary. Also discussed in this paper the pattern of blood stains after washing with bleaching solutions, as well as the quantity of DNA obtained from these samples.     

构建区域共同规章：区域行政立法一体化的模式选择

随着生产社会化的发展,区域经济向一体化方向发展趋势日益明显,这对区域法制的协调性提出了更高要求。我国现行地方行政立法是一种割据式的、分片分块的立法现状,立法冲突与不协调现象严重阻碍了经济一体化的深入发展。构建一种紧密型的行政立法协作模式即＂区域共同规章＂,可有效实现区域内法治的协调与统一,是经济一体化背景下地方法制协调的最佳选择。     

中国城市化进程与犯罪率之间关系的实证研究——基于结构突变的协整分析

在我国城市化发展进程中,伴随着犯罪率的显著上升,二者具有显著的长期趋势的一致性和短期波动的差异性。＂严打＂运动的外部冲击对协整模型具有显著的结构影响,＂严打＂运动在短期也起到了遏制犯罪的震慑效果。     

资源整合:我国乡镇建制的调整逻辑

建制是国家政权的组织体系及其行政机构的空间安排,其实质内容是一种资源集装器,内含国家促进经济社会发展的不同体制资源,包括公共权力资源、公共服务资源和经济发展资源。新中国成立初期,服务于国家的工业化发展战略,我国确立了乡镇分制的设置模式。国家在乡镇建制中进行资源的分离型配置,以分离配置促进国家资源分类集中,提高工商业和农业生产效率。改革开放后,乡镇合并趋势打破切块设镇、乡镇分设的格局,在乡镇建制中对公共权力、公共服务和经济发展资源进行一体化配置,乡镇建制逐步功能趋同化。乡镇建制调整的不同阶段,国家运用不同的资源逻辑,实现国家整合工农城乡关系的战略目标,构建有利于现代化进程的建制体系。     

城乡一体化的根本:破除双重二元结构

城乡二元结构是制约我国经济社会发展的重要体制瓶颈。我国二元社会结构有静态与动态两种形态,静态二元结构与动态二元结构共同构成了当代中国的双重二元结构。当前各地正在推进的城乡一体化,主要侧重于破除静态的二元结构,而忽视破除动态的二元结构。动态二元结构的弊端正日益凸显。要真正构建城乡一体化新格局,必须全面破除双重二元结构。     

论社会主义政治文明的价值视野

政治文明中的价值理念是支撑制度文明和机构运行的深层次要素,制度创新首先应从价值理念的创新开始。不同文明之间价值资源的共享与相互借鉴,已成为当今世界政治发展的一个主流趋势。社会主义政治文明建设必须以人本理念为核心价值,吸收借鉴人类一切政治文明成果,在实践中不断推进体制创新。     

广州市外来人员子女教育问题初探

对广州市外来人员子女教育问题的抽样调查数据显示:外来人员子女学龄儿童入学率低、辍学率高,外来人员子女就读的学校存在较多隐忧,外来人员子女受教育的环境不稳定,外来人员子女与当地社会的融合存在困难。     

Spouse abuse: An integrative-interactional model

Although spouse abuse is a psychosocial problem and needs to be addressed from an ecological perspective, many clinicians confront this family issue daily. Outlined are some practical suggestions on how to deal with the abuser and the couple when one or both are clients. This work emphasizes the importance of contracts that are related to the level of work being done. Suggestions are made regarding the important considerations in the first few meetings when working with groups of men in the community. Interventions are derived from a broadly conceived cognitive-behavioral-systems perspective.