Mother-Adolescent Health Communication: Are All Conversations Created Equally?

Fifty-two mother-adolescent dyads (mean adolescent age = 16.3) participated in an observational study of communication about health topics. The aim of the study was to examine mother-adolescent conversations about health issues—drugs/alcohol, sexuality, nutrition/exercise—to determine the extent to which the mothers treat these issues similarly. Across conversations, mothers spent more time asking questions than lecturing or discussing negative consequences. Mothers discussed negative consequences less in the nutrition/exercise and sexuality conversations than in the drug/alcohol conversation. Mothers asked fewer questions when discussing nutrition/exercise than drugs/alcohol, and lectured more in the nutrition/exercise conversation than in the sexuality conversation. The results of this study have implications for intervention programmers advocating in the media that parents “talk to your kids” about these health issues. Tanya L. Boone is an Assistant Professor of Psychology at California State University, Bakersfield. She received her Ph.D. in 2003 from The Pennsylvania State University. Her major research interests include adolescent risk behaviors and the influences on such behaviors, with a focus on family influences. Eva S. Lefkowitz is an Associate Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at The Pennsylvania State University. She received her Ph.D. in 1998 from the University of California, Los Angeles. Her major research interests include the development of attitudes, behaviors, and relationships during adolescence and emerging adulthood.     

民族文化与生态环境的互动关系

生态环境与民族文化有着密不可分的联系,这种联系主要表现为:文化的存在与发展总是与生态环境的发展变化相关。一方面,文化多元性是人们在生态多样性的环境下适应性反应的产物;另一方面,在趋同的生境状况下,由于生产力低下和外来文化影响等原因,多元的民族文化在某种程度上又呈现出同一性特征。乡土传统文化模式的重构推动着民族文化与生态环境良性互动发展。     

The Meaning of Intuition for the Negotiation Process and Outcome

Intuition is a useful tool for negotiators, as negotiations are often highly complex endeavors in which people make holistic judgments with incomplete information and no time for deliberation. Therefore, one might expect that intuition greatly influences negotiations and their outcomes and that negotiators would use intuition to their advantage. However, there is almost no systematic research into the meaning of intuition for negotiation. In this conceptual paper, drawing on five interviews of experienced negotiators, we apply general research on intuition to the specific case of negotiation and find that negotiators use intuition specifically for attribution and social interaction. We distinguish different intuition attitudes; identify preparation, time, and negotiation stages as relevant drivers for the use of intuition in negotiation; clarify the distinction between intuition and routine; and shine new light on the concept of domain-specific knowledge.     

找回“弱关系”:解决农村纯女户融合难的现实路径——来自江西Y村的思考

在以往的社会网络研究中,多注重社会网络中强关系部分,而对弱关系研究强调不够。良好的弱关系是个体与社会发生联系的重要环境,在男性偏好依然存在的农村地区,邻里的接纳与支持对于纯女户顺利融入社区具有重要意义。本文在分析了纯女户日常交往中获得弱支持资料的基础上,认为正向弱关系的缺乏造成了纯女户人际交往上的疏离,这是一种隐性的歧视方式,更应引起警觉。     

Governing complex societal problems: The impact of private on public regulation through technological change

When addressing complex societal problems, public regulation is increasingly complemented by private regulation. Extant literature has provided valuable insights into the effectiveness of such complex governance structures, with most empirical studies focusing on how public regulation influences private regulation. Conversely, the impact of private on public regulation is less well studied. Here, we investigate this impact with a focus on technological change as possible mechanism. Based on a case study of energy efficiency in buildings in Switzerland, we find evidence of a symbiotic interaction between public and private regulation that leads to ratcheting-up of regulatory stringency. We identify technological change as the mechanism linking private and public regulation. We discuss the relevance of our findings for governance literature and regulators.     

试论警察与媒体建立良性互动关系的途径

警察与媒体建立一种良性互动的共赢关系。是各级公安机关的职责。也是形势发展的必然要求。正确认识媒体、更新观念、创新思维是警察与媒体互动关系的前提和关键,建立完善新闻发言人制度和做好信息管控工作是警察与媒体互动关系的必经之路和必要措施。它不仅可以推动公安机关内部的健康发展。而且在塑造公安机关良好形象上也起着举足轻重的作用。     

Multimodal turn allocation in ESL peer group discussions

This article reports on multimodal practices used by English as a Second Language students as they work to distribute primary speakership within their peer group discussions. Following Goodwin’s participation framework, the focus is on the embodied conducts of the non-talking recipients and their nonvocal displays of emerging speakership in peer discussions. Analyses of the non-primary speakers’ gaze, gestures, touch, and bodily conduct show that the students’ turn allocation practices embody their sensitivity to the spatial and visual field of co-participants, project changing participation frameworks, and achieve incremental coordination of speaker nomination. Explorations of such nonvocal behaviors lead to a detailed understanding of the students’ embodied participation frameworks and the visible processes through which the students claim or avoid speakership during peer group discussions.     

A theory of democratisation through peace-building

Abstract

This contribution presents a theory of democratisation through peace-building. Peace-building is seen as an interactive process between external peace-builders and domestic elites; whether a post-war state develops into a democracy or not depends to a large extent on the outcome of the bargaining process between domestic elites and peace-builders. It is argued that domestic elites typically face many constraints which make adopting democratic reforms a risky and costly proposition. Also, peace-builders usually have much less leverage over domestic elites than one would expect given their resources and man-power. High adoption costs and low leverage explain the outcome of the interaction between peace-builders and domestic elites often results in a peace which is not democratic. The paper uses an analysis of 19 major peace-building missions for exemplifying the theory.     

当代世界文化格局、态势与中国文化发展战略

当代世界文化格局主要由中华、欧美、阿拉伯、印度、俄罗斯及东欧这五大文化区构成。其演变态势,一是互动加剧并趋于良性,二是欧美文化区中的强势国家对其他文化区有扩张、挤压、排斥和利用之举,三是五大文化区之间力量对比和各自内部处在此消彼长和新的分化组合之中,分别显现为“龙虎斗”、“亢龙有悔”、“潜龙勿用”、“见龙在田”。我们要认清自身的文化方位,增强使命感和文化自觉意识,大力将先进文化建设的战略部署落到实处。     

秩序重构与整体协同:巡察村居推进乡村综合治理的运作逻辑

乡村是国家治理的基本单元和重要场域,其治理模式的选择关乎乡村振兴的“最后一公里”。巡察村居以监督下沉的方式形塑地方政府的治理权威,为乡村复杂问题的解决创造条件。乡村综合治理是依据巡察结果展开的一项系统性的治理机制。在乡村复合型治理架构内,治理结构的碎片化和村民利益诉求的多样化导致“乱村”问题长期存在,巡察村居推进乡村综合治理有效运作的内在逻辑在于通过重塑地方政府的权威,为村庄公共秩序建构赢得群众信任,通过部门联动和整体协同的方式推进乡村综合治理工作落到实处。作为地方治理创新的一种有效举措,巡察村居推进乡村综合治理模式是中央顶层设计下地方政府治理创新的产物,旨在丰富“中国之治”理论体系并促进乡村善治的实现。