OFFENDER–VICTIM INTERACTION AND CRIME EVENT OUTCOMES: MODUS OPERANDI AND VICTIM EFFECTS ON THE RISK OF INTRUSIVE SEXUAL OFFENSES AGAINST CHILDREN*

Criminological research has shown the relevance of examining offender–victim interaction and related factors to understand crime event outcomes. In sexual offenses against children, an obvious lack of knowledge exists regarding this issue. From a criminological perspective, we seek to improve our understanding of the offender–victim interaction in sexual offenses against children and, in particular, what factors might increase the risk of a more intrusive offense. We argue that modus operandi strategies play a central role in crime event outcomes and examine this hypothesis with data obtained from a semistructured interview conducted with offenders. As expected, modus operandi was found to have a strong effect on crime event outcomes, especially victim participation during sexual episodes. Victim effects also emerged from the analyses. Specifically, a strong interaction effect between age and gender of the victim was found for victim participation, which suggests that as the victim gets older, offenders are more likely to make their victim participate in sexual episodes when abusing a male victim but are less likely to do so when abusing a female victim.     

Crime, economic conditions, social interactions and family heritage

This paper tests whether factors referring to socio-economic aspects, family heritage, social interaction, habits and customs explain differences among violent and non-violent prisoners. Some of the results of the probit estimation show that economic issues are the main factors that stimulate the practice of non-violent crime. On the other hand, violent crimes results suggest that factors related to family heritage reduce this kind of crime. In relation to variables of social interaction, prisoners who were brought up in a good neighborhood have a lower probability of committing violent crimes.     

让权利与权力走向良性互动

维护人民权利是社会主义的生命。＂让权力在阳光下运行＂是党的十七大提出的新论断。权力和权利是辩证依存的,＂水能载舟,亦能覆舟＂是人们早已形成的共识,权力只有接受权利的监督,依法满足公民的种种权利诉求,权力才有更坚实的根基,政治文明的发展才会有充足的动力,权力和权利才能走向良性互动。     

环境利益分配：环境法学的规范性关怀——环境利益分配与公民社会基础的环境法学辩证

分配是法律制度的基本功能之一,利益分配是法律制度分配功能的最核心部分。在物质文明基本满足甚至极大化丰富之后,人类显示出了对生态文明的积极追求倾向,世界进入了所谓的环境时代。环境时代的秩序意蕴两层含义,即人类与自然生态的秩序和人域社会内部的环境社会秩序,环境时代的秩序型构同样需要法律制度功能的充分彰显。文章认为,环境利益分配是环境法学的基础性规范关怀,通过环境法的环境利益公正合理分配,需要公民社会的充分养成与理性交往话语平台的有效建构,在此基础上,通过环境利益分配的环境立法、环境利益分配的环境法律制度结构和环境利益分配的环境法律实现等层面来达成环境法的环境利益分配功能。     

回应性治理：破解返乡农民工就业保障难题

随着经济社会的发展、新农村建设的推进以及金融危机向实体经济的蔓延,部分沿海中、小型企业不得不暂时歇业停产,造成了不稳定的就业环境,导致返乡农民工就业保障问题日益突出。政府为此采取的应对措施并没有取得显著的成效,其关键在于缺乏对返乡农民工群体就业现实需求的反馈和回应。回应性治理强调与民众的交流与沟通,提倡互动决策,可以为破解返乡农民工就业保障难题提供全新的视角。     

中国行政体制改革的运行方式及趋势

本文从环境互动、路径依赖和范式演进三个角度 ,对中国行政体制改革的运行方式及其趋势 ,作了学理上的描述与分析 ,旨在深化人们对中国行政改革规律的认识     

Responses to Gender Inequality in the Division of Family Work: The Status Quo Effect

This study addresses responses to gender inequality in the division of family work as well as the outcomes of those responses. Ninety-eight husbands and 95 wives responded to stimulus information manipulated by means of scenarios. Participants reported more wife-demand/husband-withdraw interaction than husband-demand/wife-withdraw interaction when the wife was discontent with her spouse's contribution to family work, but the demand/withdraw interaction patterns were reported equally when the husband was discontent. The data showed support for the Status Quo Effect Hypothesis: The likelihood that the spouse's contribution to family work remained unchanged (i.e., status quo maintenance) was rated higher than the likelihood that the spouse would increase his/her contribution to family work. In line with this, when the wife was discontent, wife-demand/husband-withdraw interaction was negatively related to the likelihood that the spouse would do more family work. Finally, participants reported a greater likelihood for discontent spouses than for content spouses to increase their own contribution, but discontent husbands were more likely to do so than discontent wives.     

论大学生友情教育——兼议大学生正确人际交往观的形成

自卑、嫉妒、猜疑等一系列心理疾患困绕着大学生,由此而引发的大学生问题行为和犯罪现象向整个社会亮起了警灯。同学友情是大学生人格建构和情感支持的重要内容。友情关系的稳定性增强而亲密性降低,友情关系趋向多元化和复杂化是当代大学生友情关系的基本特征。积极有效的促进大学生正确友情观的形成,帮助他们提高人际交往的能力。应引起高校和整个社会的高度重视。     

新课程环境下的教学模式初探

教学理念对教师的教育行为具有制约作用,新课程的教学理念要求语文教学必须实现学生自主学习与师生互动教学的有机结合。教师应注重对课堂教学情境的创设,要充分运用师生互动的教学模式,并要积极帮助学生建构知识网络。     

Hearing the Noise: Economic Sanctions Theory and Anomalous Evidence

Our understanding of economic sanctions has progressed significantly over the past three decades. Sanctions scholars have done a remarkable job at using empirical anomalies to guide theoretical developments and then using these to guide the next iteration of data collection and empirical testing. Here, I argue that mounting empirical evidence suggests it is time to develop a new theoretical perspective. I identify a number of empirical results, some unpublished, that are hard to reconcile with existing theory, and I argue that there is enough consistency in these results to suggest which way to turn.