Saving Strong Neighborhoods From the Destruction of Mortgage Foreclosures: The Impact of Community-Based Efforts in Detroit,Michigan

Mortgage foreclosures hit Detroit, Michigan hard between 2005 and 2014, especially in what we define as strong neighborhoods; there, more than one third of homes experienced foreclosure. Before the crisis hit, these selected tracts had largely intact physical environments and higher owner occupancy, household income and property value than the citywide median. In some of them residents worked intensely to abate the neighborhood effects of mortgage foreclosures. This study examines those efforts’ effectiveness. We selected neighborhoods with the most extensive efforts, as measured, for instance, by creation of community-based plans and applications for grants, and we conducted interviews and field observations to examine those efforts. To assess strengthening of neighborhood housing markets, we applied a modified adjusted interrupted time-series approach to evaluate changes in prices as one measure of neighborhood change. We found that strong resident initiative supported by community development organizations and external assistance led to increased neighborhood housing prices, compared with comparable neighborhoods. However, when initiative, context, and support were weaker, community-based efforts could not prevent considerable decline.     

Similarities and Differences in Victimization Risk Factors for Nonoffending and Offending Substance Users

In this cross-sectional study of substance users in Norway, the authors describe the patterns of victimization and investigate the factors associated with victimization, for nonoffenders and offenders separately. Recent victimization was reported by 59%, and the victimization rate was higher among offenders compared with nonoffenders (69% and 43%, p < .001). Women, regardless of offender status, experienced more victimization. Unstable housing was associated with victimization among nonoffenders, whereas markers for more severe substance use and indicators for poor mental health were associated with victimization in both groups. Addressing these factors may be important in reducing victimization and its negative outcomes among substance users.     

Long-term consequences of being placed in disciplinary segregation†

Being placed in restrictive housing is considered one of the most devastating experiences a human can endure, yet a scant amount of research has been conducted to test how this experience affects core indicators of prisoner reentry such as employment and recidivism. In this article, we use Danish registry data, which allow for us to link penal conditions to postrelease outcomes, to show how the reentry outcomes of individuals placed in disciplinary segregation, which is placement in restrictive housing because of disciplinary infractions, compare with those sanctioned for in-prison offenses but not placed in segregation. The results from matched difference-in-differences analyses show that Danish inmates placed in disciplinary segregation experience larger drops in employment and larger increases in the risk of being convicted of a new crime in the 3 years after release from a correctional facility than do Danish inmates who were sanctioned for a serious offense but not placed in disciplinary segregation as a result. Because being placed in disciplinary segregation, and restrictive housing more broadly, is so common, these results indicate that restrictive housing placement may be a key moderator of the effects of incarceration that merits more attention from criminologists, provided the associations shown here represent causal effects and generalize.     

商品房认购书司法问题研究

商品房可谓日常交易中涉及的最为贵重的标的物，双方谨慎订立商品房认购书几乎成为商品房买卖中的必经程序。实务中，因房产市场价格波动及宏观调控政策等影响，认购书产生的纠纷层出不穷，因此商品房认购书性质及责任的研究对司法实践具有重要的意义。     

民生保障研究:论适足生活水准权保障与实现

适足生活水准权的实现遵从辅助性原则、国家义务、平等与非歧视原则。食物权、住房权与健康权构成了适足生活水准权最主要的具体权利形态,其实现标准主要有:有效、真实与可接受。适足生活水准权的保障与实现不是孤立的,是与其他人权,如财产权、工作权等,特别是公民权利与政治权利,密切相关。公民权利和政治权利的保障是实现适足生活水准权救济的有效方式。适足生活水准权的实现为呼声日高的民生保障研究提供了新视角。     

我国公共租赁住房制度的政策法律分析——基于公共租赁住房市场化的研究视角

大力发展公共租赁住房是我国解决住房保障问题的一项重要政策选择,但政府主导的公共租赁住房制度在实施过程中面临着资金来源、土地供应、建设运营、租金标准和执行监督等诸多困难。借鉴有关国家成功经验,从我国实际情况出发,稳步推进公共租赁住房的市场化改革理应成为完善我国公共租赁住房制度的新趋向,而完备的住房租赁补贴制度则是这一制度体系健康运行的关键与核心。为此,我们还需专业化公司、新型土地供应、政策支持等相关配套制度的及时跟进,以形成政府与社会良性互动的住房保障格局。     

我国保障性住房制度建设的进展、 问题与对策简

我国的保障性住房制度建设起步于上世纪90年代末,在2005年以后进入快速发展和不断完善阶段.建设保障性住房是弥补市场缺陷、减少社会矛盾、实现社会公平、促进社会和谐的重要战略举措之一,各级政府部门在其中扮演着重要角色,担负着重要职责.当前,我国在保障性住房制度建设方面还存在供需矛盾尖锐,法律体系建设滞后,配套政策成效有限,监管体制机制匮乏等问题.因此,充分发挥市场机制的主导作用,建立健全相关的法律法规体系,高度重视配套政策体系化建设,加快监管体制机制建设步伐,是进一步推进我国保障性住房制度建设的着力点.     

论我国住房保障立法的必要性和可行性

我国房改已历经近30年来，取得了重大成就，也存在明显的问题。我国住房保障立法具有必要性和可行性。就其必要性而言，住房保障是由本身的属性决定的；住宅权是人类基本人权，也是我国宪法规定的基本权利；住房保障立法有助于我国社会保障法律体系完善；同时也是我国房改以来政策法律化的必然要求。就其可行性而言，我国住房保障立法已具备了基本的理论依据、政策支持和现实基础。     

对贵阳市廉租房社区建设的思考

贵阳市“住有所居”行动计划实施三年来，廉租房建设力度不断加大，在此同时，带来的问题也日益凸显。一方面是廉租房建设制度的完善，如房源、融资渠道、退出机制、补贴形式、建设规模、租赁资格、租金标准等方面的问题；另一方面是廉租房社区的建设问题。目前，政府的关注多放在前者上。通过具体调查，文章提出了贵阳市廉租房社区建设的对策。     

房屋权属纠纷诉讼机制探析——以民行交叉为背景展开

对于如何解决民行交叉问题，学界已有诸多方案，但这些方案的目的多在于建立两种诉讼的协调机制即先民后行或先行后民，或是建立两种诉讼的统一机制即行政附带民事或民事附带行政，而较少关注可否通过法律的修改与完善，使纠纷仅仅通过民事诉讼或行政诉讼一种诉讼机制来解决。我们需要检视现有解决机制的利弊，寻找通过单一诉讼机制解决房屋权属纠纷的途径。