Section 8 Renters in the Phoenix,Arizona, Foreclosure Crisis: Implications for Poverty Deconcentration

How the recent U.S. foreclosure crisis affected federal housing mobility programs has not been well studied. This article explores the crisis’s impact on low-income renters receiving Section 8 vouchers in Phoenix, Arizona. We find that (a) 8% of voucher holders lived in homes that underwent foreclosure, (b) they were in comparably affluent neighborhoods, and (c) most eventually moved after foreclosure. Yet, those who moved after foreclosure were not overtly disadvantaged in the housing market. This unexpected finding may be explained by the opening up of new housing opportunities for voucher holders as foreclosures in more affluent areas were converted to rentals. Overall, this research suggests that the foreclosure crisis did not adversely affect the Section 8 program’s goal of deconcentrating poverty in Phoenix and may have even advanced it—a dynamic potentially occurring in other formerly booming and economically distressed Sunbelt regions.     

Spaces of exception: governing fuel poverty in England’s multiple occupancy housing sector

Homes in multiple occupancy (HMOs) – residential properties containing common areas shared by several households – are a growing feature of the housing landscape across the UK. They have often been subject to political stigmatization as a result, in part, of comprising poor quality dwellings. This paper uses a “spaces of exception” framework to explore the juridical and material mechanisms involved in the rise of fuel poverty among people living in HMOs. Having analysed evidence from interviews, census data and the secondary literature pertaining to the English context, we highlight the processes that have led to the biopolitical othering of this housing stock in institutional and infrastructural terms. We argue that the expansion and persistence of fuel poverty in HMOs are promoted not only by the disproportionate concentration of low-income residents in relation to the rest of the private rented sector, but also by the socio-technical configurations that underpin this type of housing. Fuel poverty can thus be seen as the joint outcome of broader practices of legal, political and material delegitimization.     

Rising Damp in the Suburbs. Or ‘Whatever Happened to the Villa Tory?’

The suburban areas that were initially stereotyped in the late nineteenth century as ‘Villa Tory’ strongholds and exemplified by Hackney and Islington had, by the 1980s, become ‘bedsitter’ areas dominated by the political left. An examination of the evolution of electoral behaviour in these areas shows that conservatism did indeed dominate the villa suburbs, and that although there were previous intimations of decline, it was not until 1945 that Labour broke the Conservatives’ grip. The causes of this are identified as an outward movement of the population to interwar suburbia, the breaking up of villas into flats, and Labour's increasing appeal to middle class electors. In this category of seats, Labour has outperformed the party's national achievement consistently since 1955; the party's exceptional results here in the 2017 election are, therefore, a new peak on a long‐term trend rather than a breakthrough.     

Housing Voucher Take‐Up and Labor Market Impacts

Low participation rates in government assistance programs are a major policy concern in the United States. This paper studies take‐up of Section 8 housing vouchers, a program in which take‐up rates are quite low among interested and eligible households. We link 18,109 households in Chicago that were offered vouchers through a lottery to administrative data and study how baseline employment, earnings, public assistance, arrests, residential location, and children's academic performance predict take‐up. Our analysis finds mixed evidence of whether the most disadvantaged or distressed households face the largest barriers to program participation. We also study the causal impact of peer behavior on take‐up by exploiting idiosyncratic variation in the timing of voucher offers. We find that the probability of lease‐up increases with the number of neighbors who recently received voucher offers. Finally, we explore the policy implications of increasing housing voucher take‐up by applying reweighting methods to existing causal impact estimates of voucher receipt. This analysis suggests that greater utilization of vouchers may lead to larger reductions in labor market activity. Differences in take‐up rates across settings may be important to consider when assessing the external validity of studies identifying the effects of public assistance programs.     

经济因素对住房价格驱动的实证研究——基于浙江省11城市面板数据

经济因素对房地产市场至关重要,但不同的区域影响力会有较大的差异。与以往研究中常采用全国性的数据有别,本文利用浙江省11市1994—2008年的宏观经济和房地产相关数据,通过建立面板数据模型检验了区域宏观经济与住房价格之间的关系。我们发现区域经济中实际人均GDP、城市人口、房地产开发投资和其他投资等经济因素对房价有不同程度的显著影响,且房地产投资的增加能导致住房价格的上涨,经济增长对住房价格存在显著的正向驱动。     

论建立法文本公共图书馆法定馆藏制

现时公众获得法文件的途径不够畅通 ,本文通过必要性和可能性的分析 ,提出建立法文本图书馆馆藏制。     

中国住房公积金制度对城镇居民租房消费的影响——基于CHFS2017的实证研究

现有文献中还缺乏住房公积金对参与者租房消费水平影响的相关研究。基于2017年中国家庭金融调查数据（CHFS）的实证研究发现：住房公积金制度参与者的租房消费较非参与者有较明显的增加,在缓解潜在的内生性偏误之后,这个结论依然成立。通过异质性分析发现,对于高收入、稳定就业者和有管理职位或技术专长的居民而言,参与住房公积金对促进租房消费的作用更加明显。研究结果表明,一方面要积极利用住房公积金制度对租房消费的提振作用来支持租房市场的发展,并注意扩大住房公积金支持租房消费的受益面,另一方面也要让政策更加精准化,防止因住房公积金的补贴效应而扩大租客群体租房支付力的分化。     

新加坡公共住房和人口控制政策

本文通过分析新加坡政府公共住房政策和人口控制政策的实施背景、过程和最终结果,探讨影响政府公共政策有效执行的因素.     

Study on the Problems and Countermeasures of Public Rental Housing Fraud: Based on Signal Transmission Model

The information asymmetry between the government and the housing security object would lead to adverse selection, opportunism and moral hazard during the rental process of public rental housing. Based on the review of China’s public rental housing policy implementation and effect, and combing the relevant literature about public rental housing fraud, we constructed the signal transfer model suitable for the explanation of the behavior of China’s public housing fraud, and focused on the explanatory variable of social service time. The theoretical analysis shows that social service time can be used as an explanatory variable to reveal the separation equilibrium and pooling equilibrium of various income groups under different social service times. Finally, we took the public rental housing community of Lanqiao Jingyuan in Hangzhou as an example to make a case analysis, the results confirmed the operability of the model, and indicated that social service time as the signal is helpful for the reaching the ideal state of equilibrium of different income groups.     

“以债生财”还是“因债致贫”？——家庭住房债务对贫困脆弱性的影响

脱贫的长效机制应考虑到未来贫困风险问题,即应关注贫困脆弱性。随着住房债务在家庭债务中的主体地位日益显现,住房债务或将影响家庭的贫困脆弱性。基于2016年中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）数据对两者关系展开研究,结果显示,平均而言,负有住房债务的家庭贫困脆弱性程度显著低于无住房债务的家庭,且以住房债务资产比度量的住房债务压力能够缓解贫困脆弱性。但这种缓解作用并非是持续的,而是表现出“U型”非线性特征。当住房债务资产比低于137.5%时,住房债务主要表现出净“财富效应”,存在“以债生财”的可能;在此之后,“房奴效应”将占主导地位,刺激“因债致贫”现象的发生。当然,家庭特征不同也会使这种影响产生差异。为减缓相对贫困,可进一步提高住房信贷效率、发挥住房信贷效能。