沟通行动理论与国际关系研究

哈贝马斯的沟通行动理论是一种社会批判理论,属于德国法兰克福学派,其理论基于人类解放的认知旨趣,蕴含着丰富的人文传统。20世纪90年代以来,从国际关系批判理论中产生了不仅注重批判,更加注重建设的建构主义理论。应用沟通行动理论研究国际关系成为欧洲建构主义的特色,这种以理解具体行动意义为目的的阐释学方法不同于美国建构主义对行为的实证研究。沟通行动的应用研究解决了结构与行为体互构机制的难题,避免了建构主义经验研究中的结构偏向,使行为体的施动性重回研究视野,奠定了规范内化的微观基础,从而回归了建构主义的实践本体论。国际文化的制度化,国际制度的合法化以及国家的社会化都离不开国家间的沟通行动。另外,国际关系中公共领域和生活世界的存在也使得国家间沟通行动成为可能。但是,虽然沟通行动理论在国际关系中的应用研究在某种程度上实现了科学传统与人文精神的融合,但是对于国际体系中的突现现象,仍无法予以有力的解释,这也显示了沟通行动理论应用研究的局限性。     

The politics of history and historical memory in China-Japan relations

The current state of China-Japan relations is characterized by two seemingly contradictory developments adjacent to each other: while economic and cultural relations have experienced an unprecedented and continuous improvement since the 1980s, Chinese and Japanese public perceptions of each other have been deteriorating. This raises interesting questions. How do we explain this discrepancy and what are the sources of the increasing public animosity in China or Japan toward the other country? Can China and Japan maintain amicable relations and continue economic cooperation in spite of the enduring mistrust between their peoples? What is the role of public perception and memory of history in the foreign policies of East Asia? This paper addresses these questions, focusing especially on the last one — the role of history and collective historical memory in international relations and the interaction between public sentiment and government foreign policies. Through a detailed study of recent events and the issue of Japanese textbooks, the author argues that public perception of history can and should be guided toward more positive directions. Otherwise, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain amicable relations between the two countries, especially when new nationalism is on the rise in both counties.     

结合联合国反腐败公约的实施推进我国反商业贿赂法治

在经济全球化与网络国际化迅猛发展的21世纪,控制商业贿赂必须采取综合性的法治措施。我国批准联合国反腐败公约是我国推进反腐败领域的国际法治的积极行动,也是我国推进反商业贿赂领域法治的重要措施。作为批准联合国反腐败公约的国家,按照联合国反腐败公约的规定采取综合性的措施推进我国反商业贿赂的法治,不仅是我国履行公约义务开展反商业贿赂的责任,也是高效而有力地预防和打击商业贿赂的必然要求。结合联合国反腐败公约的实施开展我国反商业贿赂法治建设,将有力促进反商业贿赂领域国际法治与中国法治的良性互动。     

电子商务、电子商法与国际私法的哲学创新

电子商务是指在以Internet为主的各种电子信息网络上所进行的经济和商业活动。作为一门新兴部门法,电子商法具有宏观的视野和开放的结构。在网络空间中,法律冲突将为法律反应逐步取代,传统的国际私法面临着哲学的创新挑战。     

浅谈国际代理的法律适用

随着国际贸易的迅速发展 ,跨国公司的大量涌现 ,国际代理在国际商事领域的地位日趋重要。本文试从代理内部关系和外部关系的角度来探讨国际代理的法律适用问题。     

略论经济全球化的实质

经济全球化的基本内容是三个自由化:贸易自由化、投资自由化、金融自由化.经济全球化的实质,是西方发达国家、特别是美国通过推行三个自由化进行资本的国际扩张,对全球市场和资源进行再分配.发展中国家要勇于应对这种挑战,善于同国际垄断资本进行周旋,趋利避害,实行"设有安全护栏的对外开放政策",在国际竞争中求得生存和发展.     

制定国家青年政策的国际经验

联合国青年政策框架和各国制定青年政策的理论及实践表明,国家青年政策的制定必须在立足于本国．国情的同时又注意借鉴国际经验,并对“青年”等基本概念做出明确界定,阐明青年与自然、青年与社会等基本关系,把青年作为未来力量与现实力量的集合体和问题与潜力的统一体。     

国际知识产权保护和我国面临的挑战

在全球化中知识产权保护不断强化、中央提出建设创新型国家的大背景下,我国的知识产权保护面临着挑战和机遇。基于对世界上主要国家、地区知识产权制度与相关国际条约及其对我国的影响之考察,对各国及国际的知识产权保护中值得借鉴之处的分析,我们应当做的是:一方面利用知识产权制度业已形成的高端保护推动国民在高新技术与文化产品领域搞创造与创作这个“流”,另一方面积极促成新的知识产权制度来保护我们目前可能处优势的传统知识及生物多样化这个“源”。这样,才更有利于加快我国向“知识经济”与和谐社会发展的进程。     

“直接适用的法”与合同准据法的确定

“直接适用的法”是指无须援引法院地冲突规则而必须直接适用于某种涉外民商事关系的强制性法律规范。它在涉外合同准据法的确定中的地位有不同观点 ,本文对此进行了探讨 ,并分析了“直接适用的法”与具体的涉外合同法律适用原则的关系 ,认为“直接适用的法”在适用于涉外合同关系时只应作为对一般冲突规范的限制 ,而不是确定合同准据法的首要原则。     

Trade Measures and Climate Compliance: Institutional Interplay Between WTO and the Marrakesh Accords

This article examines the potential of trade measures to induce more climate-friendly policies, focusing on the relationship between global trade rules and the Kyoto climate regime. At the core of this interplay is the normative consistency of trade-related rules in the two regimes and any hierarchical relationship between them. The stronger clout of the WTO and its compulsory dispute settlement system suggest that issues involving competing claims would be referred to WTO bodies. Such bodies have so far been restrictive regarding the exceptions in WTO agreements to the general ban on embargoes and discrimination. The normative compatibility of the two regimes will also depend on their participatory interplay, specifically how they differentiate groups of actors as to rights and obligations. Non-members of WTO receive the least protection, and their vulnerability to climate-related trade measures is largely determined by their interdependence with states that consider employment of such measures. Among WTO members, the findings of a dispute settlement body would presumably differ depending on the status of the target under the Kyoto Protocol. A non-complier with Kyoto commitments would be more shielded than a non-party, because by joining the Kyoto regime a non-complier has exposed itself to regime-internal and less trade intrusive measures that should be exhausted first. A third dimension of interplay is linkage, or efforts to influence the regime interplay. To date there has only been moderate cross-agency coordination, but considerable attention is paid within each regime, including in the Millennium Round of trade negotiations, to the desirability of avoiding conflict between them.