新时期教学研究型大学科研管理体制创新研究

知识经济和全球化的新形势下,高校科研管理在管理理念和管理体制等方面滞后于科学研究和科技发展的要求,制约了高校科研工作的持续发展。本文基于教学研究型大学的科研活动特点,剖析目前教学研究型大学科研管理体制和运行机制的现状和存在的问题,提出新形势下教学研究型大学科研管理体制创新的建议和对策。     

间断—平衡模型：长期政策变迁的非线性解释

政策变迁并非只是渐进的过程,重大的政策转变和政策中断也时常发生。以逻辑经验主义为基础的渐进主义模型只强调政策的渐进性变迁,而忽略政策的间断性变迁。建立在库恩科学范式基础上的政策研究不仅关注政策的渐进性变迁,而且也关注政策的间断性变迁。＂间断-平衡模型＂建立在有限理性决策和制度结构基础上,认为政府政策制定具有稳定性和间断性的特点。该模型有效解释了长期政策稳定过程中伴有偶尔急剧变迁的现象,为长期政策变迁提供了新的解释框架。本文介绍了＂间断-平衡模型＂的缘起、理论基础、核心观点、解释过程等几个方面,最后对模型进行简要评述。     

我国城乡一体化研究述评

加快形成城乡经济社会发展一体化,是党的十七届三中全会对新形势下推动农村改革发展提出的根本要求,是具有重要创新价值的发展战略。城乡一体化是我国实现现代化的必然选择,对于我国的经济发展和社会变革具有十分重要的意义。     

“严打”刑事政策的合理性解读

＂严打＂是在国家的总体发展政策和基本刑事政策指导下的一项具体的刑事政策,其本身具有一定的稳定性与灵活性,而并非一种固定的对严重刑事犯罪的打击模式。严厉打击严重刑事犯罪作为一项具体的刑事政策具有极大的合理性,是毋庸置疑的一项政策选择。     

城市化对经济增长的作用研究

城市化与经济增长相互作用对于社会发展的重要性不言而喻,自改革开放以来,我国城市化具有显著递增的规模效应,对经济增长有着良好的促进作用。     

利益相关者理论视角下的高职院校治理主体研究

高等职业院校是典型的利益相关者组织,要明确自身的发展战略目标,重点是对各方面的利益相关者进行发现和整体评估,构建学校和利益相关者之间的合作伙伴关系,并最终保障高职院校社会责任的有效实现。     

完善国家扶贫战略和政策体系的宏观思考

十七届三中全会和五中全会都对＂完善国家扶贫战略和政策体系＂提出了明确要求。国家扶贫包括政府扶贫（政府扶贫机构扶贫和政府所属各部门扶贫）和社会扶贫（社会非政府组织扶贫和财富拥有者扶贫）。＂完善国家扶贫战略和政策体系＂要将政府扶贫和社会扶贫统一起来。战略目标：缩小发展差距,促进社会和谐;战略重点：不断提高扶贫对象的自我发展能力;战略措施：构建＂大扶贫＂格局;政策体系：政府的职能责任、民营组织的社会责任和全社会志愿精神的统一;特殊政策：加大对特殊地区的扶持力度。     

How important are interview methods and questionnaire designs in research on self-reported juvenile delinquency? An experimental comparison of Internet vs paper-and-pencil questionnaires and different definitions of the reference period

There has been relatively little change over recent decades in the methods used in research on self-reported delinquency. Face-to-face interviews and self-administered interviews in the classroom are still the predominant alternatives envisaged. New methods have been brought into the picture by recent computer technology, the Internet, and an increasing availability of computer equipment and Internet access in schools. In the autumn of 2004, a controlled experiment was conducted with 1,203 students in Lausanne (Switzerland), where “paper-and-pencil” questionnaires were compared with computer-assisted interviews through the Internet. The experiment included a test of two different definitions of the (same) reference period. After the introductory question (“Did you ever...”), students were asked how many times they had done it (or experienced it), if ever, “over the last 12 months” or “since the October 2003 vacation”. Few significant differences were found between the results obtained by the two methods and for the two definitions of the reference period, in the answers concerning victimisation, self-reported delinquency, drug use, failure to respond (missing data). Students were found to be more motivated to respond through the Internet, take less time for filling out the questionnaire, and were apparently more confident of privacy, while the school principals were less reluctant to allow classes to be interviewed through the Internet. The Internet method also involves considerable cost reductions, which is a critical advantage if self-reported delinquency surveys are to become a routinely applied method of evaluation, particularly so in countries with limited resources. On balance, the Internet may be instrumental in making research on self-reported delinquency far more feasible in situations where limited resources so far have prevented its implementation.

面向海洋世纪 确立海法研究体系

海上活动的多样化和复杂化以及海洋经济的蓬勃发展,突出了海法研究体系的重要地位。在分析海法的概念、所调整的社会关系、确立海法体系的必要性的基础上,将海法研究体系归纳为三个层次,并分别进行探讨。     

对弱势群体的政策支持刍议——以武汉市A区实施分散按比例安排残疾人就业政策为例

关注弱势群体,给予弱势群体必要的政策支持是构建社会主义和谐社会的必然要求。残疾人属于弱势群体,因此,政府有责任通过多方位、多角度的政策支持促进其就业,增强其平等参与社会生活的积极性和创造性。本文通过对武汉市A区分散按比例安排残疾人就业政策的实施、政策实施的成效及存在的问题进行分析,在此基础上提出政策优化建议。