Getting the story from child witnesses: exploring the application of a story grammar framework

Abstract

Investigative interviews with children about alleged abuse were analysed to determine the degree to which the child's responses adhered to a story grammar framework, and whether the presence of story grammar elements was associated with interviewers’ adherence to best-practice (i.e. open-ended) questioning. The sample included 51 interviews with child witnesses from across Australia. The interviews were administered by a police officer with children (37 girls and 14 boys) aged 3–16 years (M age = 103.82 months, SD = 34.21 months). The interviewers’ questions were categorised as open-ended or specific and the children's responses were classified as a story grammar element, context/background information, or ‘don't know’ responses. The majority of interviewer questions were specific in nature and the majority of children's responses were context/background details. Open-ended questions were more successful in eliciting story grammar from children. Of the story grammar elements, the interviewers’ specific questions usually targeted setting and attempt details. These findings suggest that improvement in the narrative coherence of children's reports of abusive events can potentially be achieved by increasing interviewers’ use of open-ended questions.     

媒体技术在高职英语教学中应用的问题与思考

多媒体技术的应用正深刻地影响着传统的高职英语教学模式.当今,一个高校多媒体教学水平的高低已经是衡量其整体教学水平、教学质量高低的重要指标.从多媒体技术在高职英语教学中应用的特点入手,分析其作为辅助教学手段的优势,针对高职英语教学中多媒体技术应用的普遍问题,对高职英语教师提出合理化建议和思考.     

Analysing characters' interactions in filmic text: a functional semiotic approach

This paper presents an analytical tool for constructing characters' action patterns in film. Understanding characters in moving images has been regarded as one of the most significant elements of narrative comprehension and interpretation because spectators' inferences of narrative structures are substantially mediated by characters. The social semiotic method presented in this paper shows how characters' actions and interactions can be systematically constructed based on the co-patterning of textual elements in film and how the patterns provide an analytical foundation for understanding and interpreting characters. In addition, this paper also reviews the previous explorations of the more fine-grained approaches to character analysis and then demonstrates how the method the paper suggests can support and strengthen the accounts provided to date. Most importantly, by comparing scenes within and across two war films, The Thin Red Line (1998) and Black Hawk Down (2001), the article will show the potential of this method for effectively constraining hypotheses for empirical investigations of filmic meaning.     

毛泽东的干部路线

为了夺取政权,实现以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人心中追求的崇高理想,中国共产党在长期艰苦卓绝的民主革命进程中,逐步形成了任人唯贤的干部路线,即毛泽东的干部路线。这是一条完整的干部路线,包括：德才兼备的干部标准;知人善任的干部政策;五湖四海全面团结干部的原则和通过学习培训及在实践中锻炼干部的途径。毛泽东任人唯贤的干部路线保证了党的任务的实现,有力地推进了党和人民事业的健康发展。     

公安院校学生职业核心能力培养及路径选择

摘要：公安院校学生职业核心能力包括警察政治素养、警察职业知识、警察职业技能和警察职业伦理四个相互联系的方面。职业核心能力培养一方面要遵循高等教育基本规律,通过构建科学合理的专业课程体系,培养学生的基本理论、基本知识和基本技能;另一方面要搭建学生职业核心能力的实践训练平台,通过网络模拟实战训练、社会实习,强化能力培养。     

Terrorism and the media

The linguistic turn in political science is an important step toward more sophisticated political knowledge. Greater awareness of political language implies attention to words such as reason. Reason is central to modern political discourse because of its historical and cultural importance and because of the contemporary dominance of the rational choice paradigm. Reason the concept therefore justifies closer scrutiny of reason the word. The meaning of reason is constructed as a variable. Standing by itself, reason seems relatively shapeless and empty; dictionary definitions are circular and tautological, although some subtle nuances derive from the network of reason's root words. Most of the variance in the meaning of reason is determined by other words that surround it, with a significant portion of reason's meaning being defined by its context. Anterior meaning shifters, nominal referents, spatiotemporal modifiers, and textual narrative all surround reason and fix it in a large lattice. The meaning of reason in use varies continuously. From this perspective, it becomes clear how reason functions as an important rhetorical trope in political discourse. Its plasticity and flexibility help reason stimulate and evoke variable mental images and responses in different settings and situations, all the more important because these go largely unnoticed. The example of reason of state shows reason's rhetorical power and privilege, its normative dimension, its persuasiveness, and its consequences. Seen in this light, a weak version of reason of state is preferable to a strong one. Pluralistic reason opens new paths for democratic thought and political action.     

黑龙江省高校第二外语教学创新研究

当前,世界性经济结构的调整和世界范围的科技进步已成为不可阻挡的趋势,中国经济也在复杂的局面中实现稳中求进。俄罗斯成功加入世贸组织为黑龙江省进一步扩大对俄开放与合作提供了难得机遇。黑龙江省高校应适应新形势,创新人才培养模式,特别是创新第二外语教学,培养出黑龙江省经济社会发展急需的人才。     

外语课堂教学研究：状况与启示——基于1996年至2011年国内文献的实证研究

本研究对过去16年间（1996年至2011年）刊登在国内主要外语期刊上有关外语课堂研究的文章进行了检索与统计。统计结果显示,相关研究可以划分为两个阶段：繁荣期（1996年至2006年）和停滞期（2007年至2011年）。繁荣期的特点是：（1） 研究重点从对教学法到对教学过程;（2） 研究内容主要集中在国外研究成果的介绍和引进、教学过程描述和特定环境的实例分析三个方面;（3） 研究方法主要是描写研究。停滞期的特点是：相关研究停滞;研究范围狭窄;本土化研究不够以及实证性研究比例依旧偏低。两个阶段在研究领域和研究方法上给予我们一定启示。文章最后对国内外语课堂教学研究提出预测与建议。     

Competence to Complete Psychiatric Advance Directives: Effects of Facilitated Decision Making

Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) statutes presume competence to complete these documents, but the range and dimensions of decisional competence among people who actually complete PADs is unknown. This study examines clinical and neuropsychological correlates of performance on a measure to assess competence to complete PADs and investigates the effects of a facilitated PAD intervention on decisional capacity. N=469 adults with psychotic disorders were interviewed at baseline and then randomly assigned to either a control group in which they received written materials about PADs or to an intervention group in which they were offered an opportunity to meet individually with a trained facilitator to create a PAD. At baseline, domains on the Decisional Competence Assessment Tool for PADs (DCAT-PAD) were most strongly associated with IQ, verbal memory, abstract thinking, and psychiatric symptoms. At one-month follow-up, participants in the intervention group showed more improvement on the DCAT-PAD than controls, particularly among participants with pre-morbid IQ estimates below the median of 100. The results suggest that PAD facilitation is an effective method to boost competence of cognitively-impaired clients to write PADs and make treatment decisions within PADs, thereby maximizing the chances their advance directives will be valid.     

语料库与法律语言规范化——来自法律实践中的多维思考

语料库语言学发展速度迅猛,在基于语料库的语言学研究中得到广泛运用,并发挥了重要作用。在法律语言学研究中,语料库的重要性与作用更是显著,使语言分析结果更具可靠性和有效性。语料库因其目的与功能多样性而多种多样,而法律实践中的语言表现形式也呈多样化。鉴此,基于语料库的法律语言规范化研究不应顾此失彼,而是应齐头并进,从一元走向多元,以多维度地研究亟待解决的法律语言规范化问题。