跨越式发展与本土经验--女性学学科建设的十年回顾

中国女性学学科建设,自1995年第四次世界妇女大会以来,得到了长足发展:学科体系逐步成熟,研究队伍不断壮大,课程与教材建设日臻完善,形成了自身独有的一些特色,走出了自己的发展之路,正在成为人文社会学科中一个新的综合交叉学科。     

塑造现代政府良好社会形象的对策探析

在政治日益民主化,经济日益全球化的时代背景下,塑造现代政府良好社会形象尤为重要,现代政府良好的社会形象主要体现在政府领导者形象,行政决策形象,舆论传媒形象等方面,这要求我们必须加强政府公共关系活动和政府危机事件的管理,保持政府形象与时俱进,塑造具有地方特色的现代政府良好社会形象。     

地神信仰与泰国的国王崇拜--泰国国王崇拜的民俗学解读

泰国人民对国王的崇拜源自于泰国的原始地神崇拜,而外来婆罗门教与佛教思想的渗透及其最终与本土原始信仰的融合,则进一步巩固了人民对国王的崇拜。     

法律是什么?——一个安排秩序的分类体系

从人类学的角度看,法律是一个安排秩序的分类体系,它安排了事物、行为、意义的秩序。每个社会、每种文化都有它与众不同的分类体系,由此产生了作为“地方性知识”的法律的多元格局。地方性规范比国家法律容纳了更富多元性的人们对人生意义的思考等非技术性意义因素,法律多元因此不可避免。不同的分类体系之间的差异会导致法律冲突的发生,但是作为不同分类体系的国家法律与地方性规范之间仍然有可沟通性。对于国家的法治建设来讲,不是如何去消除多元法律,而是如何处理差别。     

Strengthening Citizenship in Brazil's Democracy: Local Participatory Governance in Porto Alegre

In Latin America, and particularly Brazil, inequality and social exclusion continue to plague the quality of democracy despite two decades of transition and consolidation. Still, in Brazil, the Workers' Party has been remarkably successful over the past decade, explicitly addressing the problem of social exclusion and 'incomplete citizenship'. This paper provides an analysis of the case of Porto Alegre covering the four Workers' Party municipal administrations from 1989 to the present in order to assess the significance of social incorporation and citizenship for the quality of democracy in Brazil. The paper discusses some conceptual notions that are relevant for the question of democracy in Brazil, particularly the role of citizenship and civil society in 'deepening' democracy. Then the paper goes into the evolution and dynamics of Porto Alegre's system of 'participatory budgeting'. The paper's assessment of this experience with respect to its performance, depth and robustness shows that 'participatory budgeting' has had positive effects with respect to the provision of public goods services, the quality of governance, and citizens' participation in what is seen as a new 'public space' shared by the local state and grass roots organisations. The paper concludes by relating the case experience to the question of citizenship, civil society and democracy and by reflecting upon its wider implications for the current and future quality of democracy in Brazil.     

Service Quality Effects of Incentive Regulation on Access Service in Telecommunications in the United States

Incentive regulation in the form of price caps was adopted for interstate access service in 1991 as a way to provide local exchange carriers with an incentive to improve their productive efficiency. An issue that has arisen with the adoption of price cap regulation is whether deterioration in service quality for interstate access service has been an unintended consequence. The analysis in this paper uses several different measures of service quality, including the average installation interval, the percent of commitments met, total trouble reports, and the average repair interval for both switched access service and special access service, to investigate empirically whether there has been a decline in service quality between 1991 and 2000. The results are conclusive. Overall service quality has fallen. To rectify the situation, a proposal is offered to adjust the price cap index to penalize LECs who fail to provide an acceptable level of aggregate service quality.     

Protection and Dignity in Johannesburg: Shortcomings of South Africa's Urban Refugee Policy

Since the end of apartheid, South African cities have becomedestinations for refugees and asylum seekers from across Africa.In line with its constitutional commitments to human rightsand dignity, South Africa has enacted a refugee policy intendedto maximize freedom and protection by promoting refugees' temporaryintegration into local communities. In doing so, the law guaranteesfreedom of movement, access to many social services, and rightsto compete in labour and housing markets. This article arguesthat because refugees and asylum seekers are effectively unableto convert these legal entitlements into effective protection,South Africa has failed to meet its domestic and internationalobligations. This argument draws particular attention to institutionalfailures in determining refugee status and issuing recognizableidentity documents; denial of essential social services; andabuse at the hands of law enforcement agents. It concludes bysuggesting a positive obligation for the state to counter thefull range of obstacles that prevent asylum seekers and refugeesfrom securing effective protection.     

地方政府职能与公共财政

地方政府有效地履行政府职能可以纠正市场失灵，促进地方经济的发展。地方财政是地方政府履行政府职能的经济基础。当前，我国地方财政还存在一些与市场经济体制及国际惯例不尽适应的问题，制约了地方政府正常地履行其职能。这需要通过深化财税体制改革，建立公共财政体制来解决。     

欠发达地区农村基层党组织建设的困境与出路

必须以"三个代表"重要思想为指导,以战略眼光和全局性思维审视当前农村党建工作中的薄弱环节,找准病症的引发根源,统筹兼顾,创新农村基层党组织的设置方式和工作方式,不断增强党组织的凝聚力和战斗力.     

Constructions of migrant rights in Canada: is subnational citizenship possible?

Devolutionary trends in immigration and social welfare policy have enabled different levels of government to define membership and confer rights to people residing within the political boundary of a province or municipality in ways that may contradict federal legal status. Drawing upon theories of postnational and deterritorialized citizenship, we examined the legal construction of social rights within federal, provincial, and municipal law in Toronto, Ontario. The study of these different policy arenas focuses on rights related to education, access to safety and police protection, and income assistance. Our analysis suggests that the interplay of intra-governmental laws produces an uneven terrain of social rights for people with precarious status. We argue that while provincial and municipal governments may rhetorically seek to advance the social rights of all people living within their territorial boundaries, program and funding guidelines ensure that national practices of market citizenship and the policing of non-citizen subjects are reproduced at local levels.