反思帕卡的犯罪控制模式与正当程序模式

美国学者帕卡的犯罪控制模式与正当程序模式对我国的理论研究和立法实践都产生了深远的影响。但帕卡的学说还是有不足之处 :忽视了被害人的存在 ,也没有意识到对犯罪除了运用国家的刑罚权外 ,还有大量的私力救济以及官方的非正式惩罚与预防行为 ;在诉讼模式与具体制度的设计上 ,犯罪控制模式与正当程序模式学说过于强调了二者之间的对抗 ,而没有注意其相互统一和兼容之处。帕卡学说对我国的启示体现在 :学界过于强调了职权主义与当事人主义之间的差异 ,对它们在侦查制度上共同之处的研究失之准确 ;刑事诉讼法的再修改应该以职权主义模式为主 ,适当借鉴英美当事人主义中的合理因素 ;对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人与被害人的利益应该同等尊重 ,保障被害人参与诉讼过程并影响判决结果的权利     

依职权行政不作为的认定及监控对策探析

依职权行政不作为是指行政主体及其工作人员应为而不为的行为。行政不作为行为由于隐蔽性强,往往在造成侵害之后才能引起人们的重视,加之我们国家在对该类不作为行为的监控上还有很大漏洞,因而必须对依职权行政不作为行为进行准确的认定,并且从多方面加大对它的监控。     

构建铁路客站治安防控体系刍议

本文在对当前铁路客站治安防控现状进行分析的基础上,提出了加强"五大能力、六大机制"建设这一构建科学、高效的客站治安防控体系的架构支撑,实现由事后处置为主向超前防范为主、由重治标向重治本的转变,是从更深层次和领域研究解决火车站地区治安问题的一次探索。     

Schools and the prevention of petty crime: Search for a missing link

Earlier research on the relation between school features and petty crime suggests that schools can intentionally influence the crime rate of the pupils. These findings were the starting point for a Dutch study at secondary schools of the same type in Dutch towns. The study focused on effects on the delinquency of third-year low-stream pupils (aged 15–17). For the study a control theory was formulated, a conditional control theory, which, in contrast to Hirschi's social control theory, recognizes possible delinquent influences of the pupils' network. In the study a strong statistical relation between integration of pupils in school and petty crime was found. However, I found almost no influence of the studied school features on integration and petty crime. These results led to the question whether the real important feature of schools had been neglected in the study. This seems not to be the case. A multilevel analysis shows that it is unlikely that there is major impact of schools on the integration of pupils, on delinquency, or on the relationship between integration and delinquency. This can be the result of special aspects of the Dutch school system and of the neglect of theory in earlier research.     

Who's the Boss? Patterns of Perceived Control in Adolescents' Friendships

This study examined the nature and correlates of different patterns of perceived control in adolescents' relationships with their best friends. Participants included firstborn adolescents (M = 14.94 years), their younger siblings (M = 12.44 years) and both their mothers and fathers in 163 families as well as a best friend of each adolescent (M = 15 years). Data were collected from family members during home visits regarding adolescents' family relationships, friendships, and psychosocial adjustment; time use data were gathered during a series of 7 nightly phone interviews. Information was obtained from best friends during a brief phone interview. We developed a typology of 3 different patterns of perceived friendship control based on the combination of adolescents' and their best friends' ratings of relational control. Patterns of control in adolescents' friendships were associated with the distribution of control in both parents' marriages and adolescents' sibling relationships. Further analyses, designed to test developmental predictions, revealed connections between friendship control and other qualities of adolescents' friendships (i.e., intimacy, conflict, perspective-taking).     

论以可持续发展为目标的产业结构调整

当前,我国正处在一个重要的经济结构调整期,产业结构的不合理已经严重地阻碍了可持续发展的进程.因此,我国的产业结构调整问题不仅仅是一个结构调整问题,而且必须与可持续发展紧密联系起来.     

对社会治安防控体系建设理论与实践的思考

构建社会治安防控体系是公安机关适应新形势下治安工作的战略性举措,对其理论与实践问题的研究方兴未艾。本文分析了社会治安防控体系的概念及属性和建设的基本要求,研究了现有的三类基本结构模式。     

论社会治安防控体系建设

构建社会治安防控体系是一个全新的课题。本文系统论述了社会治安防控体系的概念与基本特征;分析了社会治安防控体系产生的时代背景;提出了社会治安防控体系建设的总体目标:论证了社会治安防控体系建设的基本原理;阐述了当前公安机关构建社会治安防控体系应重点解决的问题。     

论社会治安防控体系的概念、属性及结构模式

社会治安防控体系是指公安机关依据系统论，运用社会控制理论和系统工程方法，整合内部警力与社会资源，以社区警务为基础，以全时空巡逻防控为基本勤务方式，以刑侦防控为首要环节，形成统一指挥、互相配合、信息共享、协调运转，集打击、防范、管理、控制、服务等多种功能为一体，能对社会治安实施综合控制的警务工作系统。其基本属性是系统论，表现在整体性、层次性与开放性三个方面。社会治安防控体系的结构模式可归结为北京模式、廊坊模式和昆明模式三类。     

Mobilität,Wahlbeteiligung und Sozialkapital in Schweizer Gemeinden

This paper investigates the relationship between mobility and voting behavior at different spatial levels. To this end, voter turnout in local municipality issues is compared to that in national matters. We find that the difference between local and national turnout strongly correlates with the mobility of a municipality's population. An explanation for the observed negative relationship is that social networks and the sense of duty towards the local community are weaker in municipalities where people are more mobile. In addition to this core result, it is discussed how mobility affects turnout at the local and national level separately, and it is shown how the different measures might be used as proxies for local social capital in a municipality.