探寻公务员能力开发途径提升政府效率

加入WTO对中国提出了全方位的挑战,其中最大的挑战是对政府的挑战,实际上是对政府第一资源--公务员及其能力的挑战.提高公务员能力,对提升政府效率、增强综合国力发挥着重要作用.     

刑事证人出庭作证制度的完善--公正与效率的视野

证人出庭作证制度作为刑事诉讼制度的重要组成部分 ,对实现刑事诉讼的价值目标有着重要影响。我国目前证人出庭作证制度的一些偏离公正与效率要求的弊端已经严重制约了刑事诉讼制度的良性运转。因此 ,围绕公正与效率来改造我国现行的证人出庭作证制度应成为我国刑事司法改革的重要内容。     

浅议在我国司法活动中建立辩诉交易制度的构想

我国第一例辩诉交易案件出现后 ,对于在我国是否应当建立辩诉交易制度得到了高度关注 ,如果我国想要移植这项制度 ,我们不仅要考察辩诉交易制度本身的价值 ,同时也要考察其产生和适用的制度环境 ,对此我国现行的刑事诉讼法律制度才能得出较为客观的结论。     

网络侵权案件的地域管辖

网络侵权案件在确定地域管辖时 ,与一般侵权案件相比更为复杂 ,其主要原因在于网络的全球性 (其实质表现为数字传输的全球性 )等特征与地域管辖的稳定性 (即需要具体到某一特定法院处理案件 )之间的矛盾 ,因此其关键是遵循网络数字传输规则 ,找到网络与具体地域之间的实质性关联。网络侵权案件地域管辖的基础应当包括侵权行为地、原告住所地、被告住所地 ,其中以侵权行为地为主。服务器所在地应当仅指ICP服务器 (主机硬盘 )所在地 ,可作为确定侵权行为地的重要参考因素。     

Methods for ensuring the highest DNA concentration and yield in future and retrospective trace DNA extracts

In forensic laboratories, increased extraction efficiency of trace evidence is paramount because analytical success is intrinsically dependent on the quantity of DNA recovered. Moreover, highly concentrated nucleic acids are vital for effective downstream analysis and high quality results. This study investigated the efficiency of extraction with the Qiagen® QIAamp® DNA Investigator kit, and explored improvements to the methodology that would maximise the recovery of low concentration forensic samples. Controlled amounts of starting cellular material were used to mimic trace (or low level) DNA deposits prior to DNA extraction with the Investigator kit. Addition of the provided carrier RNA along with conducting two successive elutions of 50 µL improved the net recovery of DNA to 95%. Concentration with centrifugal filters post-extraction were able to concentrate DNA but a large net loss was observed. For the concentration of historic, retrospectively extracted DNA, centrifugal methods are able to concentrate DNA extracts previously too dilute for analysis. These concentrated volumes, however are small, allowing for minimal downstream analysis attempts before the sample is exhausted.     

Determining the Optimal Size of Local Government: The Case of Tasmanian Councils

We estimated the optimal size of the most significant functions performed by Tasmanian councils between 1999 and 2008 using a non‐parametric technique based on the shared input data envelopment analysis model. The principal advantage of this technique is that it not only provides an overall estimate of efficiency but it also allows for the estimation of ‘partial efficiencies’ and ‘cost shares’ when one input is shared among multiple outputs. Our results indicate that water supply and sewerage services, on average, were more efficient, whereas activities related to community health and safety and information systems warrant improvement. However, because the costs associated with water supply and sewerage services are considerably higher than the costs related to community health and safety and information systems, the elimination of these inefficiencies would result in greater cost savings for the Tasmanian local government sector.     

基层公安机关刑事案件管辖模式比较研究

打击刑事犯罪是公安机关的主要职能之一。对基层公安机关刑事案件的管辖问题进行研究,将有利于在现有公安编制不变的条件下,最大限度地提高基层公安机关打击犯罪的职能作用和管理效率。而在我国的基层公安机关中,承担主要刑事案件破案职责的是基层刑侦部门(即刑警队)和派出所。因此,对目前我国比较具有代表性的"所队刑事案件管辖模式"进行较为深入地剖析和探讨,将对不同地区的基层公安机关在刑事案件管辖模式的选择问题上有所裨益,并且有利于最大限度地提高基层公安机关的管理效能。     

社区民警压力的来源及解决措施

社区民警当前承受的压力逐渐加大 ,主要是由于社区民警下段时间得不到保障、责任范围不断扩大、职能部门功能错位和民警素质欠缺所致。对此 ,可以通过推行社区巡访工作模式、明确社区民警工作职责、转变职能部门工作作风和增强民警各项素质来解决。     

试论电子政府与行政流程重塑

电子政府是现代政府发展创新的动力之一,现代政府以向公民和社会提供优质高效的服务为宗旨。政府行政流程是政府管理活动的运作过程,国家公务员要登上电子政府工作平台,成为集成型行政人才。     

中国艾滋病立法成效 问题及对策

中国的艾滋病立法已走过17年的艰难历程。17年来,中国艾滋病立法从拒绝到承认,从分散到系统,从惩罚到关怀,取得了一定成效,形成了一个比较广泛的初步立法框架。但也存在诸多问题与不足,根本原因是文化上的禁忌与认识上的差异所致。艾滋病立法是一项庞大的系统工程,现阶段可行的立法建议为:抓紧起草《艾滋病防治法》及时修改有关法律法规或规章;及时出台艾滋病法规和规章及《艾滋病防治管理条例》,加大地方性立法的力度,逐步健全地方立法体系。