现代企业环境成本管理模式刍议

随着经济的发展,环境问题也日益显得紧迫。企业不再能无偿运用资源,因此企业必须重视环境成本的管理。而传统的以“末端治理”为特征的环境成本管理却有很大的缺陷,我们须构建现代环境成本管理模式,真正实现环境成本的降低。     

从“两个文明”到“三个文明的飞跃

党的十六大报告明确提出要加强政治文明建设。政治文明是建设物质文明和精神文明需要,三大文明建设离不开党的领导,切实加快政治文明建设,在我国社会政治发展中具有重大意义。     

犯罪现场微量物证的形成、发现与采取

本文论述了犯罪现场微量物证的形成规律、现场存在规律 ,以及微量物证的发现、采取与包装方法 ,以便使侦查和刑技人员在刑事侦查中正确认识微量物证的形成规律 ,掌握微量物证的发现方法和正确的采取方法 ,充分利用微量物证揭露和证实犯罪。     

物证分析实验室质量管理中存在的问题与对策

近年来,我国物证分析实验室的质量管理方面存在许多问题。为此,必须制定我国物证分析实验室质量控制标准,将物证分析实验室的质量控制管理工作提高到法制管理的轨道,并建立我国物证分析实验室质量控制标准及物证分析实验室资格的认可制度,从而将我国物证分析技术质量管理引入法制化和规范化管理的轨道。     

对痕迹检验教学的几点体会

痕迹检验是刑事技术的重要组成部分 ,是一门应用性很强的学科。现有的痕迹检验教材、教学模式、教师队伍存在一些问题 ,应加以改进 ,以适应专业设置调整后痕检教学的需要。     

英国非法证据的处理规则与我国非法证据取舍的理性思考

在英国,证据本身的非法性对证据的可承认性不存在必然和直接的影响,法官所关注的是证据本身的证明价值和它对诉讼的正面意义,故对非法证据的处理实际倾向于适用或总体上适用为原则。而在这一总的原则之下,又通过设置非法证据应具有真实性和其适用不损害实质意义的程序正义的两个限制性条件,确保非法证据适用的安全性、英国这一非法证据的处理规则对我国具有重要的借鉴和参考价值：一方面其符合我国司法运作的低水平现状,具有较强的实用性和可操作性;另一方面也具有科学性和合理性。因此,我国应在坚持非法证据总体适用的原则下,确立排除非法证据的标准。     

Current state and progress of research on forensic biomechanics in China

Forensic biomechanics gradually has become a significant component of forensic science. Forensic biomechanics is evidence-based science that applies biomechanical principles and methods to forensic practice, which has constituted one of the most potential research areas. In this review, we introduce how finite element techniques can be used to simulate forensic cases, how injury criteria and injury scales can be used to describe injury severity, and how tests of postmortem human subjects and dummy can be used to provide essential validation data. This review also describes research progress and new applications of forensic biomechanics in China.

Key points

• The review shows the main research progress and new applications of forensic biomechanics in China.
• The review introduces eight cases about the application of forensic biomechanics, including the multiple rigid body reconstruction, the finite element applications, study of mechanical properties, traffic crash reconstruction based on multiple techniques and analysis of morphomechanical mechanism about blood dispersal.
• Though forensic biomechanics has a great advantage for the evaluation of injury mechanisms, it still has some uncertainties owing to the uniqueness of the human anatomy, the complexity of biological materials, and the uncertainty of injury-causing circumstances.

     

Use of a Spray Device to Locate Touch DNA on Casework Samples

The use of a fluorescent dye to visualize cellular material on surfaces offers a targeted sampling approach for locating touch DNA on casework items. However, the current application of such dye is not feasible for examination of relatively large items. As a result, development of an efficient dye application system is required to translate this approach into practice. Here, the spray pattern (area covered, intensity, and evenness) of 15 different commercial spray devices was examined visually using food coloring. From this, five devices were selected to apply Diamond Nucleic Acid Dye (DD) to three substrates (glass slide, plastic sheet, and brown packing tape) seeded with saliva and touch DNA. The cellular material was visualized using the Dino-lite Microscope and Polilight. The inhibitory effects of DD afforded by each spray device were examined using Identifiler Plus^® DNA profiling kit and a DNA input of 800 pg. The two most promising devices were further tested on a range of mock casework items seeded with touch DNA. The results presented demonstrate the feasibility of a spray system to apply DD to large surfaces and subsequently detect cellular material at both micro and macroscale. Specifically, the data suggest that a pressurized continuous-spray system is favorable and that droplet size influences the intensity of fluorescence and surface coverage. Furthermore, this study indicates that full STR profiles can be obtained following spraying with DD solution, even with excessive application, which is essential for the widespread use of these devices in casework.     

信息时代图书馆采访的发展策略

信息时代,图书馆采访工作面临着图书的出版和发行发生巨大变化、信息量激增、向网络化发展、社会信息需求日益增长、经费日益短缺等问题,对此必须采取转变观念,重新调整图书经费、增加电子出版物的收藏,开发网上信息资源,走合作采访的道路等策略,实现图书馆网上采购,以适应信息化时代的要求.     

论多波段光源在物证检验中的应用

光技术的应用在刑事科学技术领域极为广泛,无论是现场勘查,还是物证检验,光的检测是例行的第一步,它具有灵敏度高,不损害检材的特点.作为可提供多个波段光选择的多波段光源,集合了物证检验所需的多个光源之优势,能适应不同现场痕迹物证的寻找、采取及各种痕迹物证检验鉴定工作的需要.