Parsimony in the Study of Tolerance and Intolerance

In replying to Mondak and Sanders, I introduce the notion of ``Kelvinist tolerance,' or an absolute absence of any intolerance whatsoever. I contend that while we can imagine such an extreme level of tolerence, in our empirical world it occurs about as frequently as the absolute zero of the Kelvin scale of temperature. Consequently, I reject the assertion of Mondak and Sanders that special statistical approaches are essential for analyzing tolerance, arguing instead in favor of parsimony in both conceptualization and analytical strategies.     

Initial Development of a New Measure of Minor Stress for Adolescents: The Adolescent Minor Stress Inventory

The primary aim of this study was to develop, standardize, and establish initial reliability and validity for the Adolescent Minor Stress Inventory (AMSI), a new measure of minor stress for adolescents. The AMSI improves upon existing adolescent stress measures in a number of important ways in that it does not emphasize school or classroom-based stressors, and includes a method of adjusting for the over- and underreporting of stress. In this investigation, the AMSI was mailed to 1865 adolescents aged 13–17 from which we obtained 720 (39%) usable surveys. Standardized scoring was developed and the results provide initial data supporting the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the AMSI. The AMSI has potential application both in clinical and research settings, particularly during times when school is not in session or with adolescents who do not regularly attend school.Assistant Professor, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida. Received PhD in Clinical Psychology from Louisiana State University in 1999. Research interests include psychological stress and nicotine dependence treatment in adolescents and young adults.Professor Emeritus, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN. Received MS in Statistics from Iowa State University in 1971. Research interests include survey research, nicotine dependence treatment, and biostatistics.Data Analyst, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received BS in Applied Statistics from Rochester Institute of Technology in 2000. Research interests include nicotine dependence and survey methods.Associate Professor, Nicotine Dependence Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received PhD in Clinical Psychology from University of California, San Diego in 1996. Research interests include nicotine dependence in adolescents.Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received PhD in Clinical Psychology from University of North Dakota in 1980. Research interests include impact of trauma.Statistician, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received MS in Applied Mathmatics from University of Minnesota, Duluth in 1999. Research interests include nicotine dependence.Professor, Nicotine Dependence Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received MD from University of Louisville in 1970. Research interest in area of tobacco dependence.     

E-Government for Lowering Administrative Burden: An Empirical Research on European Rural Businesses

Administrative burden reduction is in the policy agenda in European countries and international organizations. The objectives of this article are to measure administrative burden of rural businesses in three European case studies and to assess the use of semantic electronic government services for its reduction. The main findings are that rural businesses do not perceive the administrative burden significance for entrepreneurship; public administration could implement semantic electronic government services to reduce rural businesses’ administrative burden; and future administrative burden reduction policies should take into account the type and location of businesses to achieve an efficient business environment.     

危险驾驶罪施行有“危险”

本文以调研上海市危险驾驶罪司法裁判情况为基础，以截至十月全市法院审结危险驾驶罪219件案件为素材，分析司法现状，总结、归纳危险驾驶罪案件的具体特点，重点剖析目前执法、司法过程中的问题，提出切实可行的改革措施，以期能够降低危险驾驶罪施行中的不足，促使危险驾驶罪正常发展。     

政府绩效评估中的公民参与：价值预期、内在困境与制度性建构

政府绩效评估是当代社会政治经济全球化、民主化发展的产物,是政府管理发展的必然要求。公民参与政府绩效评估,不仅是促进民主行政发展的重要手段,也是提高政府绩效评估质量的有效途径。本文从关注政府绩效评估中公民参与的价值预期入手,着力分析了公民参与绩效评估的内在困境,并努力寻求制度化完善的路径,以期为我国地方治理的民主化道路选择和走向提供一些有益的思路。     

男性服刑人员心理防御机制的特点

目的探查男性服刑人员心理防御机制的使用情况及其特点。方法采用随机抽样方法，使用防御方式问卷（DSQ）对355名男性服刑人员心理防御机制进行团体测查。结果男性服刑人员成熟防御机制得分最高，中间型次之，不成熟型最低（F=199．28，P〈0．001）。青年组成熟型防御机制得分低于中年组（t=-3．14，P〈0．01）；随受教育程度升高，男性服刑人员的不成熟型防御机制得分逐渐降低，成熟型得分逐渐上升；暴力组成熟型防御机制得分低于非暴力组（t=-2．18，P〈0．05），不成熟型得分高于非暴力组（t=3．69，P〈0．001）。结论年龄、受教育程度及犯罪类型对男性服刑人员的心理防御机制有影响。男性服刑人员使用不成熟防御机制的频度偏高。     

Survey of improvement of teaching methods for ＂Electrical Instrumentation and Measurement＂

对电工仪表在工农业中的使用现状及发展趋势进行认真分析后,对《电工仪表与测量》课程教学中面临的困难进行了归纳总结,并对提高《电工仪表与测量》教学中的任务驱动法的主要内容、教学效果措施及其在实际教学过程中所取得的革新教学效果进行了分析研究.     

量刑情节的立法完善与技术完善

该文客观分析了中国刑法典对量刑情节规定的主要瑕疵，提出了对量刑情节的立法完善建议，指出电脑量刑技术的弊端、提出改进方向，并对颁布量刑指南的必要性和前提条件作了分析，为中国刑法典的修订提供参考。     

西部大开发要防治过度竞争

西部地区经济基础薄弱 ,发展水平低 ,容易产生过度竞争的条件。本文从微观与宏观相结合的角度 ,就过度竞争的含义、过度竞争在西部开发中的表现形式、过度竞争的形成原因、过度竞争对西部大开发的负面影响以及防治过度竞争的对策和措施等方面作了尝试性探讨。     

构建和完善省级公安机关内设单位绩效考核体系的实践与思考

构建和完善省级公安机关内设单位绩效考核体系要遵循多重价值标准、多向维度和多元评估主体的原则,同时要注意评估模式和方法的选择、关键绩效指标的确定、信息资料的收集和结果的分析、反馈与运用等多个环节。