公共权力腐败及其治理

文章从公共权力腐败的概念界定出发,阐述了公共权力和腐败的关系;通过对造成公共权力腐败的体制内外因素进行多维度的分析,提出治理公共权力腐败的思路,即通过限制公共权力扩张、制约权力主体权力行为、完善外部制约监督机制来预防和治理腐败。     

构建和谐社会与行使检察权

在刑事司法及检察权的行使问题上,提出构建和谐社会的政策性要求具有很强的针对性和实际意义.中国正处于转型时期,因此而呈现出社会关系不稳定、资源稀缺难以支持良性的社会运作、发展不平衡矛盾较为突出以及违法行为普遍化等特点,为构建和谐社会,应当实施政策指导型刑事司法,注意"软性"司法手段的运用以及实施宽严相济的刑事政策.为此需反思重刑思想,包括反思短期自由刑的适用、反思"严打"方针的贯彻、反思死刑的应用、反思规制经济的刑事政策.行使检察权,应当注意逮捕权运用的客观性与中立性;注意公诉权运用的歉抑;推进协商性司法和恢复性司法;注意在查处职务犯罪中贯彻宽严相济政策.     

民事再审程序中检察权配置的冲突与协调

民事再审程序中检察权的配置,关键在于协调检察权与审判权、检察权与当事人处分权之间的关系,难点在于检察权与当事人处分权之间冲突的协调.应以实现民事诉讼的多元性目的为考量,保留和完善检察权对审判权的监督,同时在具体制度上避免检察权对当事人处分权的"误伤".     

司法规律中的检察权配置

司法规律是国家适用法律解决社会纠纷时的司法特性,按照司法规律的要求配置检察权,并规范检察权的运行,方能保证检察活动达到预期效果。考虑到我国检察机关的性质定位、法律文化传统和现实国情,为实现法律监督的目的,我国检察权应当由检察调查权、检察追诉权、检察建议权和法律话语权四个方面构成。     

Interpretive Filters: Social Cognition and the Impact of Turning Points in Negotiation

A number of studies have shown that certain events that occur during a negotiation can alter its course. Referred to as "turning points," these events are precipitated by actions taken either outside or inside the talks that have consequences for outcomes. In this article, we report the results of two experiments designed to examine the impacts of two types of precipitating actions, external and internal. In the first experiment, which focused on external actions, we found that crises — as opposed to breakthroughs — produced more movement in negotiations in which parties viewed the social climate positively (high trust, low power). We found that parties achieved less movement in negative social climates (low trust, high power).
In the second experiment, which focused on internal actions, we found that cooperative precipitants (factors inducing change) were more likely to occur when parties negotiated in the context of positive social climates. Negotiation outcomes were also influenced by the climate: we found better individual outcomes for negotiations that occurred in positive climates (high trust, cooperative orientations). Inboth experiments, the social climate of the negotiation moderated the effects of precipitating factors on negotiation outcomes. Perceptions of trust and power filter the way negotiators interpret actions that occur outside or are taken inside a negotiation, which can lead to agreements or impasses.     

正当程序的宪政之维

正当程序作为宪法的基本原则，已经得到现代法治国家的普遍认可。它对一国宪政的发展具有树立宪法权威、建构法治、控制权力和保障人权等价值。针对我国的宪政现状，应从改造人们的程序观念、增加宪法的程序性条款、完善我国的程序法律和程序控权与保权的制度设计等几个方面入手构造正当程序，以推动我国宪政建设走上更成熟的道路。     

Non-prosecution of Petty Misdemeanors in Criminal Procedure Law of the Republic of China

In the 1920s,the doctrine of prosecuting discretion was gradually confirmed in the laws of civil law countries. Shortly thereafter, it was accepted by the legislators of the Republic of China as well.In the criminal procedure law of the Republic of China, the doctrine of prosecuting discretion was mainly reflected as petty misdemeanor non-prosecution, which was first established in the Criminal Procedure Law of 1928 and had been modified several times since then. By these modifications, the considerations and specific procedures about petty misdemeanor non-prosecution were improved, but the scope of application of the system had been limitedthroughout the time. At the practical level, the applicability rate of petty misdemeanor non-prosecution had been very low, which made it difficult to fulfill its due value.     

博弈论视角下国家主权理论的新思考

主权是国际法上涵义非常广泛的概念,从16世纪开始,人们就一直在探讨主权的内涵,并建构了各种国家主权理论.文章在分析了传统国家主权理论后,分析了国家主权的绝对性与相对性,并运用博弈论、博弈均衡理论、效率理论等工具对主权的一些理论性问题进行解构,并在此基础上构建了一种全新的国家主权理论体系.文章认为主权包括两个层次的含义:身份意义上的主权与权能意义上的主权,而权能意义上的主权内外表现又有所不同,其对内表现为主权权力,对外表现为主权权利,主权权利又可以分为基本主权权利与一般主权权利、绝对主权权利与相对主权权利.     

浅议我国认证认可制度中的政府信用问题

目前,我国认证认可行业存在着严重的政府失信问题。认证有效性不足意味着认证认可得不到信任,不具备公信力,这与公民对政府的信任,即政府信用密切相关。政府信用是认证认可的根基,而认证认可是政府信用的具体表现。本文认为,在认证认可领域,政府失信主要表现为公共权力的使用不当、政府没有提供足够的公共产品以提升人们的福利水平及社会出现的严重不公正。     

国家所有权性质问题研究——针对国有资本的分析

根据民法学界的主流观点和《物权法》的规定,在国有资本经营领域,国家对国企享有的"国家所有权"是一种物权。这一观点违背"资本不是物"的马克思主义政治经济学原理,无法解释国有资本领域内劳动者(国企职工)的法律地位,也与诸多部门法制度和我国的现实相冲突。从物权法律制度和理论上讲,国家既不可能对投入国企的财产享有所有权,也不可能对国企本身享有所有权。实际上,此等"国家所有权"乃是国家通过行使立法权和行政权而享有的对于国企的控制权和剩余(价值)索取权,是一种经济公法领域中的公权力。