关于我国公共管理体系建设进程中经济公益诉讼问题的思考

建立健全以公民权利为本位的社会主义民主法制制度是建设公开、公平、公正、透明的公共管理体系的必由之路。随着市场经济的快速发展,与社会公共利益密切相关的经济法纠纷案件日趋复杂,引入经济公益诉讼制度,不仅可以从理论上对社会主义民主法制制度予以完善,而且具有重大的实践意义。本文从经济公益诉讼的启动主体、适案范围、配套保障措施方面提出了关于构建我国经济公益诉讼制度的几点设想。     

弘扬中华民族优良传统道德——培育青年学生伟大民族精神

中华民族的优良传统道德是孕育中华民族精神的思想母体.深入分析当代民族精神,其每一部分内容都可以从中华民族优良传统道德中找到它的思想根源.我们要在学生中弘扬和培育民族精神,一个重要任务就是要弘扬我们中华民族的优良传统道德.     

言息公开法中的国家安全例外浅议

国家安全例外是信息公开法公开例外的一种。国家安全例外可以细分为国家安全、国家防卫、国际关系和对外承担保密义务的信息。国家安全例外的保护机制有损害测试、公共利益测试、部长否决权制度、存在与否机制等。我国应在未来的信息公开法中对国家安全例外进行立法,通过严格界定国家安全,引入损害测试、公共利益测试和存在与否机制来对国家安全例外进行周到保护,并同时实现信息公开的最大化。     

国家利益拓展初探

在当代,国家利益拓展成为国际社会的普遍现象。国家利益涉及政治、经济、军事、文化、安全等领域,拓展国家利益要考虑到国家的自主性、国际组织、跨国公司、大众传媒以及个人行为体作用等五方面的因素。全球化时代的国家利益正朝着全球、地区、超国家层面的趋势不断发展。     

国际社会视角中的美国死刑问题评析

在西方发达国家中,美国是除日本外唯一保留死刑的国家,其死刑政策受到了其他西方发达国家、国际人权组织和社会进步团体的强烈抨击。本文以国际社会为视角,揭示了美国死刑制度中存在的对未成年人和精神智障者适用死刑、人种歧视、忽视被逮捕的外国人应当享有的权利几方面的问题,以及这些问题产生的原因和本质。     

利益衡量在税法中的应用——以个人所得税为视角

利益衡量是指对发生冲突的各种利益进行估量后,考虑应置重于哪一方利益的一种思考方式。在税收领域,国家与纳税人、纳税人与纳税人、追求社会利益最大化与维护私人财产权以及税法与其他法律之间冲突的协调是税法的重要课题。广泛的利益冲突为利益衡量在税法中的应用提供了契机,利益衡量为探讨税法中各利益主体之间利益的平衡协调提供了一种方法。     

WTO与我国政府采购制度建设

加入WTO ,给我国经济运行环境带来深刻的变化 ,这必将对政府的管理体制带来影响。从长远来看 ,我国必须加入世界贸易组织的《政府采购协议》 ,但我国现行的政府采购制度与世界贸易组织的要求相比 ,存在着很大的不足 ,这急需我国的政府采购制度从法律、程序及人力资源方面做出调整 ,按照国际惯例完善我国的政府采购管理体制     

The wage share and government job creation in Sweden, 1900–2016

ABSTRACT

This investigation explores the long-run relationship between the wage share in the non-construction private sector and government efforts to create jobs in public services and construction of infrastructure and houses, in Sweden in 1900 to 2016. In the present article, it is argued that the creation of employment with generous wages by the Swedish government has increased the bargaining power of workers outside of these sectors, thus raising the wage share, up to about 1980. Correspondingly, retrenchment from such policy has been detrimental for the wage share in recent decades. This argument is supported by the results of cointegration tests, estimation of long-run and short-run, speed of adjustment, coefficients, as well as by Impulse-response functions. While government consumption is often found to be an important determinant for the wage share, earlier research has neglected the full labor market effect of government job creation associated with an expansion of the welfare state. Sweden is an ideal case for studying the impact of welfare policy on the wage share, since it has been one of the most extensive welfare states and simultaneously has been one of the most egalitarian countries in the world.     

Networks of Reciprocity: Precarity and Community Social Organisations in Rural Myanmar

ABSTRACT

Growing precarity amongst rural households in Myanmar is characterised by increasingly debt-fuelled agriculture, decreasing sufficiency and sustainability of rural livelihoods and an absence of social safety nets. This constrains the capacity for viable livelihoods, as risk-averse coping strategies undermine long-term economic sustainability. In this context, informal support networks may be expected to decline or collapse. However, recent evidence demonstrates the widespread emergence of community-based social organisations in rural communities, formed along traditional principles of reciprocity. Analysis of large-scale rural household surveys demonstrates that such organisations are found in nearly 40% of communities in rural Myanmar. These organisations collect and redistribute funds to help with healthcare, education, funerals and other social needs. The presence of such organisations is linked to higher levels of household resilience, achieved through reducing the inequalities linked to gender, disability and poverty, and through providing enabling environments for effective income diversification. Communities with higher levels of migration are more likely to have community-based social organisations, possibly a result of economic and social remittances. In the absence of effective formalised social protection, these social organisations provide most of the social assistance in rural communities, representing new networks of reciprocity in the face of increasing precarity.     

Caring for the orphan in the Philippines:A Policy-Capacity review

Using synthesis and an integrative approach, the article analyzes laws, policies, and institutions that protect the rights and promote the welfare of orphaned children in the Philippines. The article undertakes an exploratory review of the potential and contemporary impacts of colonialism, imperialism, feudalism, and capitalism on child and youth welfare and describes the conditions and difficulties Filipino children face in the current policy environment. To address these conditions and difficulties, the article offers a synthesis of potential and ongoing policy-capacity solutions in orphan and youth care, such as implementing a strong social supporting structure to grandparents as first caregivers, strengthening a mixed welfare system on orphan care, and legislating a national orphan policy.