受理民事消极确认之诉的理论探微及立法设想

随着人们法治意识的不断提高,民事消极确认之诉这种明显有别于传统诉讼的模式,在我国各地各类型案件中越来越多,而我国到目前还没有系统的消极确认之诉的法律规定,实践中对消极确认之诉的受理还存有争议,做法极不统一。当事人的诉讼权利平等,消极确认之诉也具有"诉的利益",因此,我国有必要受理民事消极确认之诉,消极确认之诉也理应从立法上予以规范。     

A Revised List of Wars Between and Within Independent States, 1816-2002

This paper merges constructivist theoretical insights into the rival role identity, rival role relationships, and the resulting culture of anarchy that characterizes the interstate system with recent empirical measures of rivalry. This project is carried out through an examination of the Latin American regional subsystem, which has already received some attention from analysts concerned with interstate culture, largely because of the relative lack of interstate conflict in the region. The dyadic relationships of 17 Latin American states and the culture they produce are examined between 1948 and 1992. The paper employs simultaneous equation modeling to capture aspects of the co-constitution of these agents and structures, consistent with constructivist theory. The results indicate that the Lockean culture of anarchy and the adoption of a dyadic rival role relationship are affected by a variety of factors emphasized by realists, liberals, and constructivists in the Latin American context.     

J亚群禽白血病病毒的LTR体外启动活性分析

为分析J亚群禽白血病病毒LTR基因的体外启动活性,将其克隆至含有萤光素酶报告基因的pGL3栽体中,构建了LTR重组质粒及其缺失不同区段的重组质粒,转染DF-1细胞测定萤光素酶的表达情况.结果显示,缺失U3时萤光素酶的表达量明显降低,缺失U5时萤光素酶的表达反而上升,这表明U3区可能具有强启动子功能,而U5区可能具有负调...     

对醉酒驾车之新增刑法规定的质问和解释

刑法修正案﹙八﹚有关醉酒驾车的新增规定在完善醉酒驾车的刑法规制的同时,也因其本身的规定导致了刑法理论上的质问。质问包括罪状和法定刑两方面。罪状的质问包括:行为方式、罪过、行为场所的内容,以及新增醉酒驾车犯罪与相关犯罪的竞合关系。在法定刑方面:新增醉酒驾车犯罪的"拘役和罚金"的法定刑太轻导致了新增规定在司法适用中被部分架空,与此同时,还导致了追溯时效和刑事诉讼强制措施适用上的争议。为解释这些置疑,应当在明确新增规定与原有交通肇事罪之间的独立关系的基础上,认可新增规定主观上由过失实施,并对"道路上"进行扩大解释;在刑罚上,并且充分利用非刑罚处理方法,以实现立法初衷。     

网络时代的政治传播研究

随着网络技术的飞速发展,网络对政治传播产生着巨大的影响。一方面,作为政治传播的推进器,它为政治传播提供了新的传播媒介,使草根一族获得了政治传播的话语权,使双向互动的政治传播模式得到极大发挥;另一方面,网络在给政治传播带来推动作用的同时,也带来了如政治流言泛滥、政治传播者的权威受到挑战、政治传播的监管难度加大等问题。为此,要加强对网络时代政治传播的引导和监管,加强网络立法,提高广大网民的政治传播素养,使网络更好地为政治传播服务。     

两种自由思想视野下的法律家长主义

以赛亚·伯林在<两种自由概念>中提出了消极自由和积极自由.在19世纪前后,理论和实践中对这两种自由的态度是不断变化的,以至于以自由为核心内容的法律家长主义在现实中的境况也有所不同.这两种自由都有其固有的缺陷,我们能看到法律家长主义的合理之处和不足.     

从一则案例看不纯正不作为犯的等价性——兼谈不作为的义务来源

等价性是不纯正不作为犯的违法性、可罚性的主要根据,在理论上明晰等价性的概念、内涵及性质,对于解决司法上处理不纯正不作为犯出入罪的混乱局面具有重要意义。等价性判断的逻辑起点是作为义务的存在,作为义务侧重于从原因力上解释不作为的可非难性,而等价性侧重于从结果论上说明不作为的可非难性。     

Bloodstains on Leather: Examination of False Negatives in Presumptive Test and Human Hemoglobin Test

Presumptive tests for blood are very simple and sensitive tests used in the search for evidence. They also provide initial information on the nature of stains. A second test can confirm their nature. However, these tests can present false–negative results for different reasons. Some of those reasons have been studied, while others, those caused by the substrate material that contains the stain, are less well known. This work studies the effect of one component of a leather substrate—quebracho extract—on presumptive and human hemoglobin blood tests. Assays were performed using samples of blood dilutions contaminated with quebracho extract and others formed on a substrate containing the contaminant. Results show an undoubted interference that causes false negatives and even visible to the naked eye stains and also indicate that some tests (phenolphthalein) are more affected than others. Examiners should be taken into account when working on this kind of substrates.     

视觉刺激事件相关电位及其研究进展

事件相关电位(ERP)是人对客体进行认知加工(注意、记忆、思维等)时,在头颅表面所记录到的大脑电位变化。ERP由多种与认知功能相关的成分构成,包括早期成分,失匹配负波(MMN),N2家族,P3家族,语言加工相关的ERP成分等。通过对ERP这些成分的分析,可以深入探究人类大脑的认知功能,并且具有重要的法医学应用价值。     

积极行政的崛起与法律保留原则适用的冲突及解决

法律的保留构成了法治主义的中心,法律保留强调行政作用一定要依据相关的法律才能执行。法律保留原则发轫于传统行政作用的侵益性,并滥觞于消极行政范围的适用。然而,在积极行政崛起的背景下,传统法律保留原则的适用与积极行政产生抵牾与冲突,通过组织法依据、实体法依据和遵循程序法行政的阐释,可以寻找破解二者冲突与困境的路径。