Psychological Distress Following Suicidality Among Gay,Lesbian, and Bisexual Youths: Role of Social Relationships

Longitudinal relations between past suicidality and subsequent changes in psychological distress at follow-up were examined among gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) youths, as were psychosocial factors (e.g., self-esteem, social support, negative social relationships) that might mediate or moderate this relation. Past suicide attempters were found to have higher levels of depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and conduct problems at a later time than youths who neither attempted nor ideated. Psychosocial factors failed to mediate this relation. The interaction among past suicidality, social support, and negative relationships was associated with subsequent changes in all 3 psychological distress indicators 6 months later. Specifically, high levels of support (either from family or friends) or negative relationships were found to predict increased psychological distress among those with a history of suicide attempts, but not among youths without a history of suicidality. The findings suggest that GLB youths who attempt suicide continue to have elevated levels of psychological distress long after their attempt and they highlight the importance of social relationships in the youths psychological distress at follow-up.Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the biannual meeting of the European Association for Research on Adolescence, Oxford, UK, September 2002; and, at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, San Francisco, CA, November 2003.Associate Professor of Psychology, The City University of New York—The City College and Graduate Center. Received PhD in psychology from New York University. Research interests include the relation of identity to health, the intersection of multiple identities, and the relation of violence to health.Doctoral candidate in Social/Personality Psychology and Health Psychology, The City University of New York—Graduate Center. Research interests include the role of social relationships in the preservation of health and well-being.Research Scientist, HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute; and Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University. Received doctorate in social welfare (DSW) from The City University of New York—Graduate Center. Research and clinical interests include the design and implementation of interventions for gay, lesbian, and bisexual adolescents.     

论虚拟实践的崛起对当代青年的负面影响

青年是虚拟实践的最主要的主体,虚拟实践的崛起为青年人提供一种新的生存方式。虚拟实践是一把双刃剑,它的崛起给青年人带来了诸多负面影响,主要表现在以下四个方面:虚拟实践具有技术依赖性,易使青年人轻视人文素养的提高;虚拟实践具有沉浸性,易使青年人偏离现实生活;虚拟实践具有隐匿性,易使青年人形成双重人格;虚拟实践具有"消解权威、去中心"性,易助长青年人的个人主义价值观。     

从不作为犯罪看和谐社会背景下的刑事政策

不作为犯罪的历史沿革表明,古代社会的刑法以国家威权主义为特征,大量规定不作为犯罪。近代以伴随着启蒙运动的兴起不作为犯罪成立的范围开始受到限制。我国长期奉行的国家威权主义有刑事制裁扩张的倾向,在社会矛盾凸现期更要警惕犯罪圈的扩张。刑法处罚的不作为犯罪,在某种程度上说属于刑罚的扩张,因此限制不作为犯罪成立的范围,对于构建和谐社会背景下宽严相济的刑事政策具有重要意义。     

论诉讼的负效益

衡量一个社会法治水平的尺度不是诉讼率的高低 ,而是诉讼对纠纷解决的能力。我们在充分正视诉讼对于法治意义的同时 ,心须清醒地看到诉讼对社会的可能的负面影响。诉讼本身的特性以及不适度的诉讼率都会产生诉讼负效益 ,因此 ,当代中国应对诉讼的功能持理性的态度 ,采取适当的措施 ,使诉讼保持适度的发展比率。     

浅析网络对当代大学生道德素质的负面影响

网络的普及和发展,时大学生的道德素质产生了较大的负面影响。由于网络立法不完善、学校教育与管理不到位、大学生身心发展不成熟等原因,使大学生道德情感冷漠、道德意志弱化、道德行为失范。这就需要社会、学校及大学生等多方面共同努力,通过净化网络环境,营造良好的网络氛围,开发教育新阵地,以及提高大学生自律能力等措施,帮助大学生增强道德观念,使他们在德智等方面健康发展。     

World heritage and the local politics of memory: the Miike coal mine and fu no isan

Abstract

This article investigates the complex relations between heritage and memory through an analysis of the UNESCO World Heritage ‘Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution’ and its component Miike coal mine. When discussing this World Heritage Site, scholars and the media have focused on the diplomatic controversy over the history of forced labour between Japan and South Korea, interpreting it as a new example of a dispute over history in East Asia. However, this understanding oversimplifies the relations between heritage and memory. Based on fieldwork research and documentary analysis, this article investigates the diversity and complexity of the collective memory of Miike coal mine from a local perspective. The results show that there is a sharp dissonance between the World Heritage story and some of the ex-miners’ memories, which focus on the negative past, fu no isan. Documentary analysis shows that fu no isan has two different but closely related meanings: negative legacy and negative heritage. Fieldwork research reveals that the various commemorations of fu no isan in the local community, mainly based on ex-miners’ social networks, constitute a form of vernacular memory, independent from the official memory of the World Heritage. Finally, I conclude that heritage can be public memory, rather than just official memory, as long as it is open to plural memories of the past.     

浙江省城市与农村初中生学校幸福感比较研究

研究浙江省初中生学校幸福感的总体特征,比较城市与农村初中生学校幸福感的差异。采用随机取样的方法对5353名城市和农村初中生进行问卷测查。结果表明：浙江省初中生的总体学校幸福感明显偏向于积极良好的一面,城市初中生的学校幸福感高于农村初中生,但经过三年的初中生活,城市和农村学生的学校幸福感都呈明显的下降趋势。     

Interpreting UKIP's ‘Earthquake’ in British Politics: UK Television News Coverage of the 2009 and 2014 EU Election Campaigns

UK broadcasters came under fire for the amount of airtime UKIP and its leader Nigel Farage received after the party won the most votes in the 2014 EU election. Our content analysis of television news during the 2009 and 2014 campaigns found little bias in terms of soundbites, but in the more recent election Farage visually appeared in coverage to a greater degree than other party leaders. Moreover, two core UKIP policies—being in or out of Europe and immigration—dominated coverage in 2014. We suggest the ‘UKIP factor’ and the media's fascination with Nigel Farage help explain why the 2014 campaign was more visible on television news than was the case in 2009 and was largely reported through a Westminster prism. Although television news bulletins attempt to impartially report elections, the 2014 campaign agenda was largely contested on UKIP's ideological terrain and the party's electoral fortunes.     

When hybridity breeds contempt: negative hybrid peace in Cambodia

Algeria's third plural presidential election caught the imagination of the Algerian electorate like no one has done before. Previously, the results were known in advance and elections served only to confer legitimacy on decisions made elsewhere, invariably by the military. This 2004 election seems to be more open. At least in theory, for the first time in Algeria's history, the winner of this election is not going to be the explicit choice of the military. In addition to the neutrality of the army, the autonomy of the former ruling party, the FLN and the unprecedented criticism of the President, the ingredients for an open and exciting election were in place. While most candidates engaged in negative campaigning, sometimes even at the expense of their political manifestos, the incumbent president stressed his achievements, particularly on the security front. ‘National reconciliation’, the way towards the establishment of further peace, dominated his political campaign and turned the election to a referendum on stability.     

The broadcast media: A persuasive institution

At present, the broadcast media (radio and television) because of their pervasive presence in society are a “taken‐for‐granted” part of the social environment, as natural as the air one breathes. The persuasive power of the media is not so readily ascertained by all who watch and listen. Looking at the growth and spread of the media in three highly industrialized countries, namely Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, each with its own particular broadcast system, one can see the variety of emphasis on commercial and public broadcasting. Since the media have more in common with interpersonal communication than they have differences, the public is constantly open to media messages, continuously processing as well as responding to information received via media sources. The persuasive effect of these broadcast media in terms of the latent function of commercial messages needs deep and careful analysis.