试论船舶油污损害赔偿制度在我国的确立

油轮溢油事故一旦发生,后果往往不堪设想。国际上已形成了一套比较完善的油污损害赔偿机制。然而我国尚未建立专门的油污损害赔偿制度,种种弊端突显。我国亟待建立适合我国国情的油污损害赔偿机制,充分借鉴国际经验,逐步与国际接轨。     

藏茴香中葛缕酮的含量测定

采用敢相色谱法藏茴香中葛楼酮含量，该法以联苯为内标物对葛缕酮进行定量测定，简单，快速，精确，。平均回收率为９９．６％，ＲＳＤ２．０％。     

Slipping through the net: everyday agency of youth and the politics of amnesty in Nigeria’s Niger Delta (2009–2015)

Using the 2009 Amnesty in Nigeria’s Niger Delta, this paper explores youth manipulation of neopatrimonial systems of coercion and cooptation. It makes three arguments. First, the violence preceding the amnesty declaration was as much a youth-led insurgency to protest social and environmental justice issues as it was a crisis within Nigeria’s neopatrimonial system. Second, the amnesty programme was designed to re-constitute the collapsed neopatrimonial system, linking youth to patrons both within the Delta and in the broader Nigerian society. Finally, the paper argues that a counter hegemonic process through which youth express their agency by manipulating the amnesty in innovative ways is going on simultaneously. These arguments indicate a need to reconsider familiar tropes of ethnicity, culture and institutional deficits in the way we think about governance projects in post-colonial Africa and the tendency to exaggerate the relevance of the ‘bigman’.     

二000年国际海事公约立法综述

本文主要对 2 0 0 0年国际上正在制定、讨论的“运输法之本草案”、“船舶燃油污染损害民事责任公约草案”、“雅典公约”修正案、“残骸清除公约草案”及“船员人身伤亡和遗弃”公约产生的背景、主要内容作了综述 ,并对其加以简要评论。     

‘A pretty kettle of fish’: United Nations assistance in the mass dismissal of labor in the Iranian oil industry, 1959–1960

ABSTRACT

This article examines the assignment of John Alexander-Sinclair, a British United Nations (UN) development expert, in Iran. In the late 1960s, Alexander-Sinclair was invited to arrange the ‘redeployment’ of 20,000 allegedly redundant oil workers and mediate between the consortium of European and American companies, which was in de facto control of the country’s oil industry, and the state-led National Iranian Oil Company, which was nominally in charge. His UN mission enabled the cooperation between Iranian officials and foreign companies, which eventually led to the severance of workers on a massive scale. Much of the existing scholarly work on the history of international organizations and labor has focused on the role of the former in advocating international norms to improve the lives of workers across the globe. This article, by contrast, examines the use of UN assistance as a means to circumvent workers’ existing protections and benefits. Second, the notion of a ‘rule of experts,’ which suggests that development practitioners gained unprecedented powers after World War II, dominates much of the secondary literature. By showing how the UN representative in Iran appeared as a rather impotent pawn in the politics of local interest groups, the article demonstrates the limits of this argument.     

中、俄、蒙三国的油气合作

中国处于石油资源相对贫乏的东亚西太平洋区域,总体石油资源不足;俄罗斯东西伯利亚和远东地区的石油和天然气储量丰富,蒙古石油矿藏集中在中蒙两国边界地区,这为中、俄、蒙的油气合作提供了可能,并且从蒙古直接穿过进入中国的中俄石油管道是最近、最安全的线路。从未来发展的趋势看,中国可积极利用俄蒙的资源投资与合作,参与输气、输油管道的建设,拓宽和夯实中俄油气合作的经济基础。     

Alternative fuels in fire debris analysis: biodiesel basics

Alternative fuels are becoming more prominent on the market today and, soon, fire debris analysts will start seeing them in liquid samples or in fire debris samples. Biodiesel fuel is one of the most common alternative fuels and is now readily available in many parts of the United States and around the world. This article introduces biodiesel to fire debris analysts. Biodiesel fuel is manufactured from vegetable oils and/or animal oils/fats. It is composed of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and is sold pure or as a blend with diesel fuel. When present in fire debris samples, it is recommended to extract the debris using passive headspace concentration on activated charcoal, possibly followed by a solvent extraction. The gas chromatographic analysis of the extract is first carried out with the same program as for regular ignitable liquid residues, and second with a program adapted to the analysis of FAMEs.     

Comparison of motor oils using high-temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

The analysis of motor oils has wide applications in the forensic science field from comparing lubricants transferred between an automobile and a victim or crime scene to differentiating the compositions of plastic explosives. In this study, 40 unused motor oils were analyzed and compared by high-temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine the potential for oil individualization. Oil samples were also collected from the crankcase dipsticks of 30 cars. Twenty-six of these oils could be differentiated from each other based on visual comparisons of the unresolved envelope (baseline rise due to incomplete separation) and the resolved hydrocarbons in the raw total ion chromatograms (TICs) and smoothed TIC data. Four of these oils were analyzed as unknowns and were correctly related to the corresponding vehicle. The use of extracted ion profiles (EIPs) was explored as a means to further discriminate between the indistinct samples based on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. The research discussed in this paper demonstrated that differentiation of motor oils was possible by examining the TIC, smoothed TIC, and EIP data.     

审理油污案件的法律问题分析及解决

以十几年来在广东省海域和水域发生的油污诉讼案件的分析为基础,结合向有关执法部门调研取得的成果,疏理油污案件存在较大争议的几个法律问题,对油污案件的定性、索赔主体和损害主体进行分析,对船舶碰撞导致油污损害的责任主体确定进行深入探讨,对油污损害范围的确定、油污损害赔偿责任的归责原则以及油污诉讼案件的法律适用等问题进行研究,并提出立法建议。     

SWP荧光剂熏显油脂手印方法的初步研究

目的建立SWP荧光剂熏显油脂手印的新方法。方法选取12中常见客体,根据试验需要分别捺印油脂手印144枚和油汗混合手印100枚,用多功能手印显现柜加热升华SWP荧光剂,熏显渗透性和非渗透性客体上的手印。结果油脂手印显现出了142枚,显出率达到98．6％;油汗混合手印,非渗透性客体共显出100枚,显出率达到100％,渗透性客体共显出95枚,显出率达到95％。结论SWP荧光剂对油脂手印的显现效果良好,可与“502”同时熏显,且不影响茚二酮等其他方法的进一步检验。