Identifying “deterrable” offenders: Implications for research on deterrence

This article outlines a theoretical framework that distinguishes three forms of responsiveness to legal sanction threats: acute conformist, deterrable, and incorrigible. It then investigates the implications of the framework with data from a perceptual deterrence survey administered to 412 university students. The findings suggest the preeminent empirical regularity in deterrence research—that the deterrent effect of the certainty of punishment far exceeds that of the severity of punishment—may be overstated. An analysis confined to deterrable offenders suggests that the severity effect (relative to the certainty effect) may exceed that reported in extant research.     

小额诉讼救济机制比较研究——兼评新修改的《民事诉讼法》有关小额诉讼一审终审制的规定

2012年8月31日新修改的《民事诉讼法》对小额诉讼规定了一审终审制,比较世界各国有关小额诉讼的立法规定,这一规定的科学性与合理性是值得研究的。在有关小额诉讼程序的立法设置中,基于权利救济的需要,以及不同的救济思想与立法目的,某些国家和地区设置了诸如"动议"、"特殊上诉"、"裁判异议"等多种救济方式。这些不尽相同的救济方式,不仅类型各异,而且从救济机制的角度上看也存在较大差异。我国有关小额诉讼救济机制的设置,从缩短诉讼时间、减少诉讼环节以及方便当事人诉讼等角度考虑,应当采用类似于"裁判异议"的立法规定形式与救济方式。     

网络舆论引导的必要性研究

网络舆论作为一种新的媒体形式给我国的社会生活带来了日益深刻的影响,同时也带来了如何认识和合理运用网络舆论、如何引导网络舆论等新问题。本文在分析我国网络舆论的现状及存在的问题的基础上,探讨了加强网络舆论引导的必要性。     

新闻媒体的改革创新与发展

因特网支持的媒体是世界上最先进的传播和交流手段,也是世界各国开展舆论斗争所关注的焦点.笔者从新闻媒体创新和发展的视角,论述了媒体舆论的新特点、舆论斗争的新动向和新闻媒体改革的新要求,进而认为将传统的媒体功能融汇于因特网之中,不仅是新闻媒体自身发展的需要,也是构建社会主义和谐社会的需要.     

The nexus between attribution theory and racial attitudes: a test of racial attribution and public opinion of capital punishment

Research has shown that attribution theory and racial attitudes are among the most consistent attitudinal predictors of capital punishment opinion. This study explores the overlap of these two constructs, racial attribution, and its ability to account for support and opposition to the death penalty. Using data from the 1972–2016 cumulative data file of the General Social Survey, three logistic regression models were used to analyze the effect of internal and external racial attribution on capital punishment opinions for (a) the aggregate sample, (b) White respondents only, and (c) Black respondents only. Respondents were asked whether racial inequalities were due to structural disadvantages or personal deficiencies of Black Americans. Findings showed that respondents in all three models were more likely to support the death penalty when they attributed racial inequalities to personal deficiencies of Blacks and less likely to support the death penalty when they endorsed structural disadvantages, although the effects were somewhat muted for Black respondents. These findings suggest that ongoing public support for capital punishment in the United States is based at least in part on a fundamental attribution error in which Whites and some Blacks alike blame Blacks for their own deprivation.     

理想、官方、民间——浅议舆论的三个层次

作为一个社会科学研究领域的逻辑起点,舆论概念本身的定义就有许多争议,这是由舆论学自身特点决定的.但无论差异多大,我们在理解"舆论"二字时,都应该认识到它是复杂的、多层次的,理想状态下的舆论指的是在诸多前提条件下的人们对全息信息的独立认识结果;官方控制下的舆论是政治舆论学设想的理想状态,也是现实生活中的常态舆论的主体;民间隐藏的舆论相对于官方控制舆论而言,官方控制越严,民间隐藏的舆论的存在形态和存在方式越多样.     

画地为牢还是坐怀不乱——论舆论监督与司法原则的关系

舆论监督与司法的关系近年来逐渐为新闻媒介与司法界所重视.在以往的一些文章中,人们习惯提出,舆论监督不应干预司法,不应以舆论的力量影响司法独立,甚至"某地发布规定,媒体不准发表‘与法院判决相反'的评论."[1]本文就舆论监督的本质和司法原则的要求之间的关系,在理论和实践两个层面探讨媒介的舆论监督和司法原则的关系,得出结论舆论监督和司法原则在根本上是一致的,舆论监督是司法原则得以实现的重要保障.     

对故意传播艾滋病设立犯罪问题研究

关于应否设立故意传播艾滋病罪的问题,学者们争论已久,至今尚无定论。笔者认为:应该设立故意传播艾滋病罪。一是艾滋病的传播造成多方面的经济损失;二是艾滋病是一种更为严重的性病;三是国外已将传播艾滋病列入刑法打击的范畴。对故意传播艾滋病的定义与特征、立法模式、定罪量刑、立法建议、问题争论等需进一步分析研究、以期为刑事立法提供参考。     

胡锦涛"为民"思想与马克思主义群众观

当今时代特征的变化对历史唯物主义的发展提出了新要求,胡锦涛从马克思主义群众观的角度回应了这一时代呼唤,明确提出中国共产党要始终做到“权为民所用,情为民所系,利为民所谋”,丰富和发展了马克思主义群众观。     

Symbolic Racism and Whites’ Attitudes Towards Punitive and Preventive Crime Policies

This study analyzes the determinants of Whites' support for punitive and preventive crime policies. It focuses on the predictive power of beliefs about race as described by symbolic racism theory. A dataset with 849 White respondents from three waves of the Los Angeles County Social Survey was used. In order to assess the weight of racial factors in crime policy attitudes, the effects of a range of race-neutral attitude determinants were controlled for, namely individual and structural crime attributions, perceived seriousness of crime, crime victimization, conservatism and news exposure. Results show a strong effect of symbolic racism on both types of crime policies, and in particular on punitive policies. High levels of symbolic racism are associated with support for tough, punitive crime policies and with opposition to preventive policies. Sub-dimensions of symbolic racism qualified these relationships, by showing that internal symbolic racism (assessing perceived individual deficiencies of Blacks) was most strongly predictive of punitiveness, whereas external symbolic racism (denial of institutional discrimination) predicted opposition to structural remedies. On the whole, despite the effects of race-neutral factors, the impact of symbolic racism on policy attitudes was substantial. Thus, White public opinion on both punitive and preventive crime policies is at least partially driven by racial prejudice.