Crime Volume and Law and Order Culture

The literature on public opinion about crime and justice has neglected the exploration of macro‐ or community‐level influences on individual‐level attitudes. A key macrofactor that may be related to individual level attitudes is the volume of violent crime. High crime rates can facilitate the development of a culture of “law and order,” a response that may be a practical or instrumental attempt to control crime. The present paper tests the hypothesis that persons residing in nations marked by a high volume of crime will be more likely to adhere to elements of a law and order culture. It employs data from the International Social Science Program (N = 15,024). Controls are taken from major theoretical perspectives on public opinion about crime as well as demographic factors. The results from a hierarchical linear model support the hypothesis that individuals residing in nations with high crime rates are more likely than others to support law and order ideologies. The findings extend the support for this relationship from research based on the US alone to other industrialized societies.     

提高应对涉检网络舆情的能力

应对涉检网络舆情,是新时期树立检察机关职业形象和公信力的要求。目前,硷察机关在应对网络舆情危机方面还显得比较薄弱：舆情危机意识不强,不重视网络媒体作用,缺乏网络舆情突发事件的应急预案,少数人员的作作风以及腐败问题是引发舆情危机的根源。应对涉检网络舆情必须增强舆情意识和观念,主动参与和引导网络舆情;多种手段并举,提升化解网络舆情危机的能力;从涉检网络舆情危机发生的源头入手,强化检察机关自身建设,从根本上预防负面涉检网络舆情的发生。     

网络民意下的司法公正——以“药家鑫案”为例

互联网为民众提供了新的民主参政方式,它打破了信息垄断,降低了公民政治参与成本,开辟了网上民主监督的新时代。网络民意对司法的监督在一定程度上促进了司法的公开与公正,与此同时,网络民意的“非理性”与“情感性”也给司法审判带来了巨大的压力。因此需要对网络民意有一个客观的认识,并通过规范引导网络民意,提升司法公信力,实现网络舆论和司法公正的良性互动。     

群体性事件中公安工作舆情导控机制研究

在网络信息化的今天,舆情在群体性事件发生过程中的作用举足轻重.公安机关在处置群体性事件中要摆正自己的位置,从舆情导控的基础、举措、关键、保障、坚实力量以及“终极防线”六个方面着手,建立公安工作舆情导控的新机制,做到“到位”而不“越位”,本着为人民服务的思想,切实做到保护人民的根本利益,有效减少和妥善处置群体性事件.     

Parties are always right: the effects of party cues and policy information on attitudes towards EU issues

Abstract

This article analyses the influence that political parties exert upon citizens’ opinions about European Union issues. By measuring at the same time the content and source effects on political attitudes, the article considers the possibility that voters pay less attention to the arguments used in a political message than to its source. Results from an online survey experiment in Spain show that partisan voters use a heuristic model of processing when taking positions on an unfamiliar EU issue, even though the prevalence of the source effect is moderated by the respondent’s political sophistication and party attachment. The results also indicate that some respondents tend to pay less attention to a message’s content when the message comes from their preferred party. Such findings raise concerns about the possibility for EU issue voting to guarantee the accountability of political elites and party–voter linkages.     

Public Opinion Surveys and USA Foreign Policy Towards Latin America in the Second World War

In this paper, the roles of public opinion polls and agency in foreign policymaking are examined. Based on documents uncovered from the National Archives and Rockefeller Archive Center, this paper presents a more comprehensive picture of the history of public opinion surveys and the shaping of US bureaucracy in their relation to foreign affairs. Further, the paper contends that policymakers are interested in public views pertaining to foreign policy issues, but that private interests (serving their own interpretations of national interest) shape public views, using new techniques as guiding tools.     

论被害人量刑意见的提出：现状与重构

被害人量刑意见是被害人表达诉求的重要载体.被害人量刑意见的提出有助于恢复被害人的受损利益,弥补公诉权行使之不足,实现刑罚裁量的客观公正.目前我国被害人量刑意见的提出还存在一系列问题,应从提出主体、内容、时机、方式以及效力等方面对被害人量刑意见提出程序进行重构.     

College students’ perceptions of police use of force: do suspect race and ethnicity matter?

Incidents of police use of force continue to draw a considerable amount of attention from both researchers and the public alike. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between suspect race and ethnicity and perceptions of police use of force among college students. Using a vignette research design with manipulated independent variables, this study seeks to answer the question: Do suspect race and ethnicity affect college students’ perceptions of police use of force? Three vignettes were developed regarding an incident in which an encounter between a suspect and a police officer resulted in the officer using force. College students were randomly assigned to one of the three vignettes and were asked to complete a questionnaire. Results indicate that although suspect race and ethnicity do not predict perceptions of police use of force among college students, there are significant respondent race and gender effects. Male and white respondents are significantly more likely to perceive police use of force as justified compared to female and non-white respondents. The policy implications of these findings for police-citizen interactions are discussed.     

刑法修正之于社会舆论：尊重更应超越

社会转型时期社会公众基于社会安全和自身安全的考量会对刑法有一定的期待,这种客观现实和合理诉求决定了刑法修正时尊重社会舆论的正当性.而社会舆论的非理性、片面性等特点和刑法的残酷性、谦抑性等特点又共同决定了刑法修正时应当超越社会舆论的正当性.过度尊重和囿于社会舆论会导致情绪性立法,而过度超越社会舆论又可能造成对社会舆论的“傲慢与偏见”.为此,应当从切实坚守刑法发展的理性、坚持危害性原则、揭开社会舆论的面纱等方面实现刑法修正和社会舆论的合理互动.