“发行方付费”模式下的信用评级法律迷局解析

信用评级机构在次贷产品评级中,丧失独立公正,其根本原因在于其＂发行方付费＂的收费模式。在＂发行方付费＂模式下,信用评级机构丧失了＂投资者付费＂模式下的声誉资本约束。危机后的改革并没有触动＂发行方付费＂模式。审视资本市场中的信用评级机构,发现其具有中介机构和准监管机构的性质,信用评级报告不再是一种媒体观点而是一种专家意见。因此,信用评级机构与发行方之间应是承揽合同关系,信用评级机构对投资者负有信赖义务,承担专家责任。     

死刑民意调查研究

目前,广大民众对死刑的支持仅是一种“感性的”认识。通过实证调查可知,文化水平的高低基本上不会影响人们对死刑支持率的高低,不同职业也基本上不会影响人们对死刑的态度。因此,那种寄希望于将来人们文化水平提高、社会精神文明程度的提高而使人们放弃对死刑支持态度的观点就显得不切实际。切实可行的做法是：以主张限制及废除死刑的学者为先锋,以政府及媒体为主力军,首先从大学生及中小学生入手加大对死刑的宣传力度与广度,使广大民众早日对死刑有一个全面的、正确的认识,从而使“民意”不再成为我国废除死刑道路上的障碍。     

网络舆情预测模型研究

互联网的飞跃发展,既孕育着机遇,同时也带来了前所未有的挑战。公共危机事件网络舆情正是诸多挑战带来"副产品"。为此,本文根据网络舆情传播特性,通过建立Lotka-Volterra模型,对网络舆情的演进过程做出了合理预测。本文考虑了政府和网民在网络舆情中的相互影响,建立两者间的竞争模型,预测竞争中可能产生的结果,寻找竞争中政府与网民间平衡点的位置,为政府在公共危机事件网络舆情发展过程中的干预行为提供依据,同时为衍生舆情的产生提供一定的解释。     

做好网络舆情工作的思考

在信息化飞速发展的时代,互联网已经成为对敌斗争的新战场、打击犯罪的新领域、社会管理的新平台、团结群众的新阵地。新的社会发展现状给网络舆情的应对工作带来了更多的机遇和更大的挑战,党的十八届三中全会确定了我国深化改革的总目标,这给公安改革提出了新的更高的要求。公安机关、尤其是网安部门要不断加强网络舆情管理,提高网络舆情的应对能力。     

非法鉴定意见排除规则研究

我国非法鉴定意见排除规则的定义是指在诉讼过程中,由于鉴定的前、中、后程序出现严重违法或瑕疵,使得鉴定意见非法或者不合法,经过法官审查或合法当事人提出,使相应鉴定意见的证据能力或者证明力失效的规则。非法鉴定意见排除规则由鉴定前、中、后三个程序规则构成,对诉讼理念、制度、程序与社会等各个层面均有重要的意义。     

专家辅助人制度的现状、困境与改善建议-以浙江省为例的实证分析

新《刑事诉讼法》确立的专家辅助人制度对提高鉴定意见的质量,改革庭审方式和证据制度有着重要的意义,但因为法律仅对其作出了笼统的规定而没能发挥出应有的作用。通过对法律工作者的问卷调查发现,在专家辅助人的诉讼地位、专家辅助人的意见属性等问题上存在着较大的分歧,因此,要完善我国的专家辅助人制度,就要明确专家辅助人的独立诉讼地位,确保专家辅助人真正地参与到庭审的质证中来,才能达到这一制度设计的理想状态。     

群体性事件中公安工作舆情导控机制研究

在网络信息化的今天,舆情在群体性事件发生过程中的作用举足轻重.公安机关在处置群体性事件中要摆正自己的位置,从舆情导控的基础、举措、关键、保障、坚实力量以及“终极防线”六个方面着手,建立公安工作舆情导控的新机制,做到“到位”而不“越位”,本着为人民服务的思想,切实做到保护人民的根本利益,有效减少和妥善处置群体性事件.     

RECONSIDERING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED NEIGHBORHOOD RACIAL COMPOSITION AND WHITES’ PERCEPTIONS OF VICTIMIZATION RISK: DO RACIAL STEREOTYPES MATTER?*

Recent theoretical extensions of threat theory have posited that Whites frequently view Blacks as a criminal threat because of stereotypes linking race and crime. Several studies have found indirect support for this hypothesis and have shown that the percentage of neighborhood residents who are Black is positively associated with the perceptions of victimization risk and fear of crime by White residents. To date, however, little research has investigated whether, as theory would suggest, this relationship is either a consequence of or is contingent on Whites holding stereotypes of Blacks as criminals. In this article, we address this issue by examining whether racial typification of crime mediates or moderates the relationships between static and dynamic measures of neighborhood racial composition and the perceptions of victimization risk by Whites. The results offer mixed support for the threat hypothesis and show that racial typification of crime conditions the relationship between perceived changes in neighborhood racial composition and the perceptions of victimization risk by Whites, but neither explains nor influences the association between static measures of racial composition and the latter. The implications of the findings for threat theory and research are discussed.     

Crime Volume and Law and Order Culture

The literature on public opinion about crime and justice has neglected the exploration of macro‐ or community‐level influences on individual‐level attitudes. A key macrofactor that may be related to individual level attitudes is the volume of violent crime. High crime rates can facilitate the development of a culture of “law and order,” a response that may be a practical or instrumental attempt to control crime. The present paper tests the hypothesis that persons residing in nations marked by a high volume of crime will be more likely to adhere to elements of a law and order culture. It employs data from the International Social Science Program (N = 15,024). Controls are taken from major theoretical perspectives on public opinion about crime as well as demographic factors. The results from a hierarchical linear model support the hypothesis that individuals residing in nations with high crime rates are more likely than others to support law and order ideologies. The findings extend the support for this relationship from research based on the US alone to other industrialized societies.     

网络民意下的司法公正——以“药家鑫案”为例

互联网为民众提供了新的民主参政方式,它打破了信息垄断,降低了公民政治参与成本,开辟了网上民主监督的新时代。网络民意对司法的监督在一定程度上促进了司法的公开与公正,与此同时,网络民意的“非理性”与“情感性”也给司法审判带来了巨大的压力。因此需要对网络民意有一个客观的认识,并通过规范引导网络民意,提升司法公信力,实现网络舆论和司法公正的良性互动。