道教教祖老子探缘

道教是在我国土生土长的宗教,它同我国的社会发展关系密切。任何宗教都有它推崇的最高偶像,道教当然也不例外,它尊奉老子为惟一教祖,以老子所著《道德经》为根本经典。但是老子生活的年代与道教创立的年代中间相隔数百年,已经死去数百年的老子为什么能成为道教教祖?本文对此做了一些探讨,同时对老子思想的博大精深也作了简要的介绍和论述。     

Calculating Point of Origin of Blood Spatter Using Laser Scanning Technology

The point of origin of an impact pattern is important in establishing the chain of events in a bloodletting incident. In this study, the accuracy and reproducibility of the point of origin estimation using the FARO Scene software with the FARO Focus^3D laser scanner was determined. Five impact patterns were created for each of three combinations of distances from the floor (z) and the front wall (x). Fifteen spatters were created using a custom impact rig, scanned using the laser scanner, photographed using a DSLR camera, and processed using the Scene software. Overall results gave a SD = 3.49 cm (p < 0.0001) in the x‐direction, SD = 1.14 cm (p = 0.9291) in the y‐direction, and SD = 9.08 cm (p < 0.0115) in the z‐direction. The technique performs within literature ranges of accepted accuracy and reproducibility and is comparable to results reported for other virtual stringing software.     

Revisiting country of origin principle: Challenges related to regulating e-commerce in the European Union

The article analyses the country of origin principle of information society services in the light of harmonisation and unification efforts undertaken by the European lawgiver. Although the country of origin principle remains the key element of the construction of freedom to provide information society services, the principle itself suffers a number of both explicit and implicit restrictions which render its practical application a serious challenge. The difficulty is posed by the fact that the Electronic Commerce Directive fails to expressly specify both the scope of harmonisation as regards the principle, and the level of harmonisation of the directive itself. Furthermore, it is understood differently by private international lawyers. In the eDate Advertising case the ECJ ruled that the principle is not a conflict-of-laws rule, neither does it require implementation to the national legal systems in this shape. This is not to mean, however, that the debate over the function of the country of origin principle in private international law is over. Last but not least, there are many different types of country of origin principles applicable to various types of services provided via the Internet. This multitude of country of origin principles is perhaps the greatest weakness the regulatory approach adopted by the European lawmaker.     

从外部遏制力量缺陷看警察刑讯逼供的生成

作者从法律规范、检察院、法院、犯罪嫌疑人、辩护律师、社会舆论等方面探究了刑讯逼供外部遏制力量的缺陷,进而以刑事诉讼构造、刑事诉讼目的、国民性格等角度深入挖掘了形成这些缺陷的根源。