Regulating the Internet infrastructure: A comparative appraisal of the legitimacy of ICANN,ITU, and the WSIS

How to generate legitimate forms of governance beyond the nation state is often considered a central question in contemporary world politics. To proceed in theory‐building, scholars need to systematically assign the theory‐driven assumptions on legitimate forms of governance beyond the nation state with the various, already observable, forms of global governance. This article aims to conduct a comparative appraisal of the legitimatory quality of different patterns of governance by applying a framework of indicators for their assessment. The indicators are selected from the scholarly debate within International Relations on the legitimacy of global governance arrangements and structured by a multidimensional concept of legitimacy (input, throughput, and output dimensions). This framework is then applied to international, transnational, and private forms of global governance in the field of Internet regulation in order to show how each of them tries to produce and maintain legitimacy, which strategies it applies, and in how it interacts with its stakeholders.     

从泽国镇参与式预算实践看偏好与公共预算效率的实现

公众偏好的显示、转换、集合和统一与公共预算的效率直接相关。浙江省温岭市泽国镇在事关民生的公共基建项目安排上,以协商民主的方式,通过设计精良的程序,为人们提供了一种公民参与预算决策的新技能与新策略,提高了公共预算的效率。     

体位性窒息对心、肺功能影响的实验研究

通过从股静脉将漂浮导管插入肺动脉的方法 ,检测悬挂前、悬挂期间和临终阶段呼吸、肺动脉压、心输出量的变化,探讨体位性窒息对心、肺功能影响及其在死亡中所起作用。结果:(1)悬挂前呼吸频率平稳 ,悬挂期间逐渐加快 ,临终前呈无规律状态 ;(2)悬挂期间及临终时肺动脉压比悬挂前明显升高;(3)悬挂前及悬挂期间的心输出量基本平稳 ,临终时比悬挂前及悬挂期间明显下降。本研究发现 ,悬挂可致呼吸失调 ,机体缺氧 ,导致心、肺功能障碍 ,属肺性死亡。其特征为呼吸停止是原发性的 ,心跳停止是继发的。     

广西工业名牌优质产品的调查与分析

文章基于广西名牌优质产品分布结构 ,及其对地区经济和所在行业的作用 ,分析了发展名牌优质产品的问题及原因 ,提出加快工业名牌优质产品的发展要在技术创新、制度创新、组织创新、管理创新和市场创新上要有新的突破。     

我国预算民主化建设的现状分析

预算民主原则是指国家预算权力的行使及整个预算过程要按照人民的愿望以民主的程序进行,人民及民意机关能够对其进行监督与控制。我国的预算民主最主要的体现在人民代表大会及其常务委员会通过掌握预算的审查与批准权以及预算监督权而对政府预算活动加以控制。近年来在我国部分地区出现了参与式预算的新形式,但参与式预算在我国的起步晚,其影响力还比较低。文章主要分析人民代表大会在我国预算民主化建设过程中的作用及其问题。     

In participatory budgeting we trust? Fairness,tactics and (in)accessibility in participatory governance

ABSTRACT

Participatory budgeting (PB) is a significant innovation in democracy and local development. PB provides the opportunity for citizens to engage in processes of deliberation and decision-making upon the allocation of public funds. As new critical discourse emerges surrounding this model of local government spending, a significant area warranting investigation concerns how trust, and indeed mistrust, factor into PB. Through an analysis of interviews with residents and Council staff engaged in PB processes in a county in the north of England, we highlight the ways in which issues of trust can impact on participation in these initiatives, and also strengthen relationships between voting delegates, project teams and local government. This paper argues that increasing the perceived accessibility, and reconsidering the inclusion of mass membership groups in PB, might help to create progressive, effective and trustful participation.     

Priority-based budgeting: An honest broker among municipal functions?

Implemented in over 200 local governments, priority-based budgeting (PBB) reflects a contemporary attempt to systematically determine and implement desired budgetary reallocation. PBB proponents claim it is highly effective in prioritizing governmental programs and aligning budgetary allocation to priorities. However, core municipal functions such as public safety and public works are often impervious to budgetary shocks. Can PBB overcome this to better align budgetary allocations with organizational priorities? This study examines 32 municipal PBB implementers with difference-in-differences analysis; finding a varied effect upon municipal functions that casts doubt on its ability to fully reallocate budgetary resources from low- to high-priority programs.