“限期断狱”的中国命运:清代以来审限制度的变革与重述

审限是我国司法体系中一项重要的本土化制度。近年来,理论界对审限制度何去何从展开讨论,其历史演变成为重要依据。回溯历史,尤其是清代至今,审限制度受到了古今中西不同法律理念的冲击,历经规则变化:从清代律例中对审限制度进行详尽规定,到民国时期诉讼法典中废除审限而实践中沿用,再到20世纪80年代后立法重新确立审限制度。究其原因,在于审限制度来源自中国传统司法经验,与近现代中国提高诉讼效率的社会诉求相符合,可以保证案件进程;同时审限又是约束司法人员的重要制度--用行政责任来限制司法人员的司法权力,这也是传统中国"治吏"思想在近现代的延续。因此,审限作为一种与中国实际紧密贴合的司法制度,并非是造成今日学术界所争论的积案原因,反而是提升诉讼效率的良方。当下讨论审限制度发展,更需正视其对本土法律资源的重要意义,认识到背后"治吏"思想影响,结合法官责任制改革,从行政责任到司法责任,重新建构新时期的审限制度。     

Corporate Social Responsibility,Public Service Motivation and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Public Sector

This article examines the mediating role of public service motivation (PSM) on the relationship between employees’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). A sample of employees working in public sector banks in Egypt completed a structured questionnaire comprising of questions regarding CSR perceptions and PSM. Immediate supervisors rated the OCB of employees who responded to the survey. Results reported in the paper found the following: a) Employee perceptions of both internal and external CSR had a positive influence on the development of employee desire to serve the public; b) PSM partially mediated the relationship between internal CSR perceptions and employee OCB; c) PSM fully mediated the relationship between external CSR perceptions and OCB. This study extends current knowledge of the theoretical foundations surrounding CSR at the individual-level of analysis and offers practical implications by stressing the importance of employee desire to serve the public.     

The electoral consequences of austerity: economic policy voting in Europe in times of crisis

Abstract

Voters typically observe macroeconomic outcomes in order to evaluate government performance. However, during crises, when the clarity of economic responsibility is poor and the economy is in recession, citizens need additional sources of information in order to form a reasoned opinion. Government policy response is one such source. This study shows on a sample of 24 European nations from 2004, 2009 and 2014 that in the post-crisis period, economic policies have emerged as one of the key predictors of vote choice, with government decisions to pursue fiscal austerity leading to significantly lower levels of incumbent support. Furthermore, the paper tests the possibility that the effect of austerity is conditioned by the clarity of responsibility. In multilevel systems, where policies are externally imposed, voters could be expected to hold incumbents less accountable for unpopular measures. The analysis, however, provides no evidence that policy effects depend on the extent to which national governments share policy responsibilities with supranational and intergovernmental institutions. Accountability for policy actions is primarily attributed at the domestic level as voters are able to identify the decisional role of national governments.     

电子签名举证与责任推定

电子签名法对可靠电子签名的法律效力、电子签名人与认证者的责任及过错承担做了原则规定,但对相关电子签名如何举证、签名依赖方等相关方的过错责任及各方无过错后果如何承担,出现损失后如何能确保相关方的合法权益得到补偿等没有涉及,通过对上述问题的探讨以期对具体的司法实践掌握有所裨益.     

地面轮胎拖印与道路交通事故现场再现

地面轮胎拖印是车辆发生事故时,在地面上留下的痕迹。它对道路交通事故现场再现,进而对交通事故各方当事人进行责任认定有着极其重要的作用。本文结合相关案例,根据一定的计算方法,对此进行了相关分析研究。     

雇主责任理论基础之再思考

近现代民法以个人“自负其责”为理念,但雇主要对其雇员的侵权行为承担替代责任。对此,学者提出了各种不同的理论来加以论证,然而这些理论都因其自身固有的缺陷而不能提供令人信服的解释。民事责任的财产性、雇主对雇员的监督和控制、权利和义务相一致原则、保护受害人利益的价值取向等因素应是雇主责任的理论基础。     

我国经济责任审计评价中存在的问题

当前,我国在经济责任审计评价方面存在评价内容不够明晰,评价对象不很明确,经济责任的界限划分不清,评价结果比较空洞等问题。应当从严格规范评价程序、正确界定经济责任、明确评价结果和提高审计人员素质等方面入手解决问题。     

量刑基准研究

量刑问题是刑法理论的缩图,所以,确定量刑的基准问题也就是确定量刑的根据问题。我国确立的量刑基准应是以责任为主,兼顾特殊预防的需要。即应根据犯罪的严重性的大小,并考虑特殊预防之需要,在责任的基础上量定刑罚。     

社会主义新农村建设中乡镇政府责任实现的障碍及消解

作为党和国家政策最直接的落实者,乡镇政府在建设社会主义新农村过程中承担着无可替代的责任。然而,在履行责任过程中乡镇政府受到来自政府财政、体制职能以及政府同乡村治理关系等方面问题的困扰,由此乡镇政府必须围绕基层政府体制结构,围绕同村委会关系做出相应改革调整,才是摆脱困境的必然选择。     

论振兴东北老工业基地进程中的地方政府责任

地方政府在振兴东北老工业基地的进程当中起着举足轻重的作用,包括宏观调控地方经济发展、协调社会矛盾、营造有效的市场环境等。只有发挥地方政府的主导作用,使政府主导与市场经济有效结合,才能真正推动东北老工业基地的振兴。因此,必须强化政府责任。