俄罗斯东部开发及其与我国东北振兴互动发展的思路

俄罗斯政府2008年开始实施的东部开发战略,引起了我国国内和国际的高度关注。俄罗斯东部开发的第一阶段(2008—2013年)可以概括为:政府的财政补贴向东部地区倾斜;开展大规模的基础设施建设;加紧向该地区迁入外来移民;开展强强区域主体合并工程;在国家的干预下重点开发油气资源带动东部地区发展。可以认为,俄罗斯东部开发的时机已经成熟。俄罗斯东部与我国东北具有良好的经贸合作基础,俄罗斯东部开发与中国东北振兴战略为中俄之间的经济合作和跨国区域合作提供了新的难得的历史机遇。因此,要务实思考俄罗斯东部开发与中国东北振兴的互动发展,研究和探索提升沿边地区的对外开放、通过扩大同周边国家的区域合作来实现跨越式发展的有效途径。     

美日韩三国死刑适用状况及刑事政策反思

美日韩三国是目前发达国家中为数不多的依然保留有死刑罪名的国家,三国立法上死刑罪名虽然不少,但原则上均坚守了死刑只适用于最严重的暴力犯罪的底限,并且实践中死刑判决和实际执行率很低,充分显示了司法控制在减少死刑适用方面的巨大能动性。在我国死刑立法明显过当的现状下,借鉴他国经验,注重从刑事政策角度发挥死刑的司法控制功能便具有紧迫的现实意义。     

制约台独主张实现的几个主要因素

发展与中国的政治经济合作关系是美国的长期利益需要,加之受国际法和外交承诺的约束,美国不会公开支持台独;两岸人民同为华夏子孙,血脉亲情不容割断,经济互补,相得益彰,人心思统,不可违背;大陆总体实力对台具有压倒性优势,且师出有名,有能力用武力维护国家统一.     

苏联对意大利和东欧政策研究（1943—1947年）

在意大利战后安排问题上,苏联同美英两国的争斗早在二战后期就已经开始。意大利问题主要是战前殖民地等问题。出于利用英美矛盾为自己谋利的目的,苏联并不打算削弱意大利。由于英美两国在处理意大利问题上具有优先权,只允许苏联名义上参与意大利事务,并没有实际发言权,导致苏联在意大利问题上的变化以及在东欧问题上的强硬,美苏矛盾趋于尖锐化。苏联战后安全带政策目的是将东欧纳入自己的势力范围。苏联对意大利政策与对东欧政策是紧密联系在一起的。苏联从起初的不打算削弱意大利转变为不过分削弱意大利的政策,正是用来控制东欧并使其成为自己势力范围的政治筹码。这也成为美苏冷战的起源之一。     

中国——东盟自由贸易区建设与思茅经济发展

中国与东盟达成共识,用10年时间建设中国--东盟自由贸易区.历史就把与缅甸、老挝、越南三国接壤的思茅市从开放的末梢推到了开放的最前沿.中国--东盟自由贸易区建设是继国家西部大开发战略之后,实现思茅市经济跨越式发展的又一历史机遇.     

The European Trips-Plus Model and The Arab World: From Co-Operation to Association— A New Era in the Global IPRS Regime?

The advocation of stronger and higher levels of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) protection has been on the rise in recent years, particularly since the establishment of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1995. Although its establishment signalled the beginning of a new phase in the protection of IPRs internationally, no more than a decade later, it is seen that such a regime is still undergoing a number of significant changes. In this regard, the rise of bilateralism and the retreat of multilateralism resulted in the so-called ‹TRIPS-Plus’ recipe in which developing countries are increasingly giving way to the demands of the industrialised countries through incorporating higher levels of IPRs protection domestically. Although the USA has often been viewed as the primary advocator and enforcer of the TRIPS-Plus recipe globally, this article shows that in fact the European Union (EU) advocated the TRIPS-Plus recipe long before the USA. Thus, this article discusses the case of the European TRIPS-Plus model with the Arab World as a clear demonstration of such a trend. Developing and Arab countries are now faced with two determined superpowers acting at both the unilateral and bilateral levels to achieve their desired higher standards of IPRs protection worldwide. This will further erode the flexibilities of the TRIPS Agreement, and will entail grave repercussions for both the developing and Arab countries. LLM, PhD, Lecturer in Law, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), UK. The author may be contacted at mel-said@uclan.ac.uk     

世界主要反倾销法分析与我国反倾销立法的完善

在“以‘替代国’价格作为非市场经济国家出口产品‘正常价值’”、“对公共利益的考虑”、“对出口商替进口商交纳反倾销税的作弊行为的制裁”、“反规避的措施”和“对中止反倾销调查的态度、做法”五个问题上,WTO、美国、欧盟反倾销法律中有着明显的或微妙的差异。比较这些差异的客观性、合理性会给中国反倾销立法的完善以启益。     

对西方国际关系理论的哲学思考--兼议中国国际关系理论的构建

从本体论、认识论和方法论3个层面对西方国际关系理论主要流派进行梳理和类归,认为国际关系理论与哲学思想有密切关系。西方国际关系理论重视以哲学本体论-认识论-方法论及其所隐含的价值论体系为基本前提和重要基础,在呈现流派繁荣和学科成熟的同时,也存在着诸如科学与伦理、必然与偶然对立割裂等一些哲学意义上的重大缺陷。认为中国国际关系理论的构建需在哲学层面加强基础性探索和研究。在这一过程中,应处理好“古”与“今”、中”与“外”的关系。参照西方国际关系理论谱系有重要借鉴意义,但强调中国的国际关系理论应更具鲜明的实践品质,并尝试提出了“和谐的国际社会”这一具有现实意义的理论概念和命题。     

Some Remarks on Implementation of Community Sanctions and Measures

We must acknowledge, of course, that custody must be available as the ultimate sanction for criminal offending, but it must be an option of last resort. At last, not at least, there must be a realisation of the enormous cost - in economic and particularly in human terms. Therefore, the basic question is: What is the cheapest and at the same time the most effective way of punishment, bearing in mind the failure of strong repressive measures and only a partial success of depenalisation and decriminalisation? The community sanctions and measures seem to be the best solution and they can, to a certain extent, meet the expectation put into them. I am not going to describe the individual alternatives or the way of their implementation in Western Europe or North America. I would like to concentrate on some problems related to their introduction, which are faced in post-totalitarian societies.     

Public Debt,Economic Growth,and Public Sector Management in Developing Countries: Is There a Link?

The article investigates whether differences in public sector management quality affect the link between public debt and economic growth in developing countries. For this purpose, we primarily use the World Bank's institutional indices of public sector management (PSM). Using PSM thresholds, we split our panel into country clusters and make comparisons. Our linear baseline regressions reveal a significant negative relationship between public debt and growth. The various robustness exercises that we perform also confirm these results. When we dissect our data set into “weak” and “strong” county clusters using public sector management scores, however, we find different results. While public debt still displayed a negative relationship with growth in countries with “weak” public sector management quality, it generally displayed a positive relationship in the latter group. The tests for non‐linearity shows evidence of an “inverse‐U”‐shape relationship between public debt and economic growth. However, we fail to see a similar significant relationship on country clusters that account for PSM quality. Yet, countries with well‐managed public sectors demonstrate a higher public debt sustainability threshold. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.