植物酶在解剖组织中有机磷、氨基甲酸酯农药检测中的应用

本文报导了有机磷和氨基甲酸酯检测的一个新的酶抑制法.该法基于有机磷和氨基甲酸酯化合物对植物酶水解底物2,6-二氯乙酰靛酚的抑制作用.本法简单,快速,适于农药中毒的现场检验.其最小检出量分别为0.2～1μg/μ1和1～2μg/ml.     

鹦鹉热衣原体外膜抗原特性的研究——鹦鹉热衣原体不同纯化方法的比较试验

应用提纯物玻片姬姆萨氏染色镜检法、光学显微镜跟踪检查法、蛋白质含量紫外吸收检测法和电子显微镜技术对衣原体纯化方法作了比较研究,结果表明泛影葡胺法和改良蔗糖法优于氯仿法,用这两种方法提取的衣原体纯度高,颗粒形态清晰,结构完整,背影杂质少,提取的衣原体蛋白质浓度高。泛影葡胺法和改良蔗糖法可用于鸡胚中增殖的鹦鹅热衣原体的纯化。     

THE INTERACTION OF ANTISOCIAL PROPENSITY AND LIFE‐COURSE VARYING PREDICTORS OF DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR: DIFFERENCES BY METHOD OF ESTIMATION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THEORY*

Recent criminological research has explored the extent to which stable propensity and life‐course perspectives may be integrated to provide a more comprehensive explanation of variation in individual criminal offending. One line of these integrative efforts focuses on the ways that stable individual characteristics may interact with, or modify, the effects of life‐course varying social factors. Given their consistency with the long‐standing view that person–environment interactions contribute to variation in human social behavior, these theoretical integration attempts have great intuitive appeal. However, a review of past criminological research suggests that conceptual and empirical complexities have, so far, somewhat dampened the development of a coherent theoretical understanding of the nature of interaction effects between stable individual antisocial propensity and time‐varying social variables. In this study, we outline and empirically assess several of the sometimes conflicting hypotheses regarding the ways that antisocial propensity moderates the influence of time‐varying social factors on delinquent offending. Unlike some prior studies, however, we explicitly measure the interactive effects of stable antisocial propensity and time‐varying measures of selected social variables on changes in delinquent offending. In addition, drawing on recent research that suggests that the relative ubiquity of interaction effects in past studies may be partly from the poorly suited application of linear statistical models to delinquency data, we alternatively test our interaction hypotheses using least‐squares and tobit estimation frameworks. Our findings suggest that method of estimation matters, with interaction effects appearing readily in the former but not in the latter. The implications of these findings for future conceptual and empirical work on stable propensity/time‐varying social variable interaction effects are discussed.     

法律的经济分析方法评判

法律的经济分析方法的新颖之处就在于经济方法对传统法律方法的替代。法律的经济分析方法与马克思主义的经济分析法虽然研究风格迥异,但在价值观上存在一致性。作为一种强有力的分析工具,经济方法已经对法学、政治学等诸多领域产生了划时代的革命性的影响,具有不可替代的优势。但法律的经济分析方法存在着不足,它不会也不可能完全代替传统的法律方法。法律的经济分析具有广大的包容力和发展潜力。法律的经济分析的发展将可能更注重价值多样化、更关注动态的法律发展过程。     

THE CONTEXT OF MARRIAGE AND CRIME: GENDER,THE PROPENSITY TO MARRY,AND OFFENDING IN EARLY ADULTHOOD*

Marriage is central to theoretical debates over stability and change in criminal offending over the life course. Yet, unlike other social ties such as employment, marriage is distinct in that it cannot be randomly assigned in survey research to more definitively assess causal effects of marriage on offending. As a result, key questions remain as to whether different individual propensities toward marriage shape its salience as a deterrent institution. Building on these issues, the current research has three objectives. First, we use a propensity score matching approach to estimate causal effects of marriage on crime in early adulthood. Second, we assess sex differences in the effects of marriage on offending. Although both marriage and offending are highly gendered phenomena, prior work typically focuses on males. Third, we examine whether one's propensity to marry conditions the deterrent capacity of marriage. Results show that marriage suppresses offending for males, even when accounting for their likelihood to marry. Furthermore, males who are least likely to marry seem to benefit most from this institution. The influence of marriage on crime is less robust for females, where marriage reduces crime only for those with moderate propensities to marry. We discuss these findings in the context of recent debates concerning gender, criminal offending, and the life course.     

论刑法解释的规则

人们对刑法的解释不应当仅仅关注刑法解释的结论,而应当更多地关注刑法解释过程中的指导思想和原则。学界对刑法解释的规则多有分歧。这些分歧体现了学者们在刑法解释的哲理层面的对立与分歧。它们中的每一种观点的哲理基础都有一定的合理性,然而又都并非无懈可击。刑法解释的规则应当是一种多层次的顺次检讨规则。     

抗人心肌肌凝蛋白重链单克隆抗体在心肌缺血尸检例中的应用

为了更有效地检测早期及超早期心肌缺血性病变，对5例心肌组织材料进行了肌凝蛋白重链（MyosinH链）及肌红蛋白的免疫组织学染色，探讨了肌凝蛋白的染色情况、抗原分布、死后变化对染色的影响及心肌早期、超早期缺血的有无、程度及与死亡的关系。应用石蜡组织切片进行的抗人心肌肌凝蛋白重链免疫组织学染色，在病理学方面尚属首次，这种单克隆抗体对人的特异性高，无共集现象，在心肌缺血数分钟乃至十几分钟后即可发现缺血心肌细胞中肌凝蛋白重键的脱失像，是分析早期、超早期心肌缺血所致急死及其它原因死亡案例心肌缺血病变的有力方法。     

基于主成份分析法的警务信息化水平综合评价

公安机关正面临着信息化的挑战,需要科学的评价指标体系与评价方法来指导公安机关的信息化建设。建立包括信息网络基础建设、数据库建设、信息安全、管理制度规范化、公安人员信息素质五大类指标的警务信息化水平评价指标体系,应用主成份分析法对公安机关警务信息化水平进行多因素下的综合分析与评价,是一种合理的选择。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定人血清中氯丙嗪与氯扎平的浓度

作者建立了同时测定人血清中氯丙嗪与氯扎平浓度的反相高效液相色谱(RP—HPLC)法。以利眠宁为内标,用环己烷—乙醚(1:1)混合溶剂提取血清中氯丙嗪和氯扎平。高浓度中毒者血清(>1ug/ml)则用乙腈沉淀后直接进行色谱测定。血清中氯丙嗪、氯扎平的方法回收率乎均各为98.5±4.0(SD)%,CV4.2%;99.9±4.1(SD)%,CV4.1%。两药在血清中的最低检测浓度为10ng/ml。本法应用于临床氯丙嗪、氯扎平合用药物的血浓度监测及司法中毒案例的分析,结果满意。     

陈旧骨骼DNA提取

目的寻找从陈旧骨骼中提取DNA的有效方法。方法运用传统的有机法结合Microcon100纯化柱提取骨骼DNA。结果用常规荧光标记复合STR基因分型法可对提取到的陈旧骨骼DNA进行成功分析。结论有机法结合Micrcon100纯化柱提取陈旧骨骼DNA法可有效应用于实际检案。