行政公共信息公开的理论及其实践

人民主权的政治理念、公民知情权的满足和公共信息的自由流动是支撑行政公开的法理基础。内部协调一致的立法架构、先地方后中央的立法进路、非政府组织的大力推动和司法审查机制的有力保障是国外行政公开实践的宝贵经验。为了使我国政务公开改革尽快走上法治化的轨道,必须大力健全不同群体的利益表达机制、构建信息公开法律体系,并充分发挥法院的司法审查功能。     

论建立公安工作和社会治安监测预警机制

公安机关建立公安工作和社会治安监测预警机制,有利于提升公安工作和社会治安问题的信息化、规范化和制度化建设水平;能够经常性掌握公安工作的底数、进度和发展趋势;有利于及时掌握社会治安动向;有利于增强公安机关履行职责的能力。要建立健全公安工作和社会治安监测预警机制,必须要建立健全信息监测系统、评估研判系统、预警控制实施系统和相关的保障支撑系统。     

美国公益诉讼制度及其启示

公益诉讼是一种新型的诉讼模式。作为公益诉讼的创始国,美国已形成健全的公益诉讼制度。我国引进公益诉讼制度时应借鉴和参考美国公益诉讼制度。     

Who Toes the Party Line? Cues, Values, and Individual Differences

This article explores individual differences in citizens’ reliance on cues and values in political thinking. It uses experimental evidence to identify which citizens are likely to engage in heuristic processing and which citizens are likely to engage in systematic processing in developing opinions about a novel issue. The evidence suggests that political awareness crisply distinguishes between heuristic and systematic processors. The less politically aware rely on party cues and not on an issue-relevant value. As political awareness increases, reliance on party cues drops and reliance on an issue-relevant value rises. Need for cognition fails to yield clear results. The results suggest two routes to opinion formation: heuristic processing and systematic processing. Political awareness, not need for cognition, predicts which route citizens will take.     

Livelihood strategies and performance of Ghana's health and education sectors: exploring the connections

The public sector in Africa is riddled with widespread ineffectiveness. Although some countries have implemented various reform programmes with the support of international development agencies, the results so far have been disappointing. One reason for the failure is that the policies have focussed more on achieving macroeconomic stability than making the organisations effective. This article explores a fundamental problem of the policies—the need to focus on the human component of organisational performance. Using education and health organisations in Ghana as examples, the article advances a hypothesis that the livelihood strategies of public sector employees and the performance of their organisations are interconnected. Specifically, it is argued that as public sector employees have become more dependent on multiple sources of income, they have developed multiple social identities, which influence the culture of their organisations. The organisational culture may have encouraged employee effectiveness in some cases, but for most organisations, it has resulted in practices that perpetuate inefficiency and poor performance. To be successful, public sector reform policies must therefore involve deliberate efforts to change organisational cultures. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

关于线路治安工作长远建设的思考

铁路调图提速后线路治安出现许多新情况、新问题,对线路治安工作提出了更高的要求。本文在分析线路治安工作特点的基础上,对线路治安工作长远建设提出5点建议:一是建立健全一套行之有效的长效管理机制;二是制定和完善一套整治线路治安工作的规范;三是以全面推进预防联控工程建设为抓手,构建线路治安主体防控网络;四是与时俱进,创新线路治安的工作方式和方法;五是坚持从优待警,激发线路民警的工作积极性。     

党务公开：发展党内民主的理论和制度创新

党的十六届四中全会《决定》首次明确提出逐步推进党务公开,这是党的执政理念的新突破和提高党的执政能力的新举措。党务公开是发展党内民主的内在要求,贯穿于党内民主建设的各个方面和环节。推进党务公开,进一步扩大了党员和群众对党内事务的知情权、参与权、选择权和监督权,成为新时期发展党内民主的理论和制度创新。     

论公证的证据效力

证据效力是公证的基本效力之一,也被视为公证与私证的主要区别。公证的证据效力包括两方面内容:一是公证证明的内容属于司法认知的范畴;二是从证据材料的优先性来看,经过公证的书证证明力大于一般的书证。公证的公信力是公证证据效力的渊源,而相关法律规定也为这种公信力提供了保障。公证证据在诉讼证明中可以成为书证,经过公证的法律行为、法律事实和文书属于可予认知的内容,只是在形式上具有初步可信的证明效力,因而在某种程度上是可辩驳和推翻的。目前,公证证据在我国仅适用于民事诉讼,在刑事诉讼中的运用应受到限制,一般不宜成为司法认知的对象、不能直接作为定罪量刑的依据。     

公安预警信息分析的基本理论和方法探讨

全国公安大练兵提出公安机关应有“提高驾驭复杂社会形势的能力,”因而,以情报信息指导警务工作,对信息进行专业、系统、有效的分析,即研究公安预警信息分析的内容、任务、步骤和分析方法已成为即时之需。采用关系图分析、预测分析、SWOT分析和利用预警指标模型分析等方法进行公安预警信息分析,可取得良好的成效。     

我国女大学生就业问题的政策分析

在女大学生就业的全过程中存在着诸多问题与困难,使女大学生在就业中相对于男性的弱势地位更加突出.为了有效抑制这一趋势的发展,政府应提供一定力度的公共政策支持,为女大学生提供一个平等的就业空间.