The Impact of Gender and Early Delinquency on Reoffending: A Life History Perspective

In New Jersey, conversations within a statewide antiviolence initiative stimulated the idea to begin interviewing local repeat offenders to uncover the root of their criminal trajectories. Capturing the life histories of recidivists provides a rich understanding of how these individuals entered and remained in a criminal lifestyle. Employing qualitative methods, 20 men and women were interviewed in a local county jail and asked to describe numerous aspects of their lives that may have contributed to their criminal outcome. Similarities and differences are described between and among the men and women.     

聚众斗殴犯罪中若干问题辨析

作为一种较为常见的犯罪行为,聚众斗殴在案件定性及刑事责任承担上存在若干不同认识,通过探究立法原意,并紧密结合执法活动实践,对聚众斗殴罪的犯罪特征、聚众斗殴罪定性中存在的疑难问题鉴定标准和刑事责任承担分类认定等问题进行分析,有利于执法活动中现实问题的解决。     

人体血液中吗啡的定性定量分析

目的　建立人体血液中吗啡的定性定量分析方法。方法　经过丙酸酐衍生化法 ,利用气质联用和气相色谱氮磷检测器对吗啡丙酸酐衍生物进行定性定量分析。结果　确定了人体血液中吗啡的气质联用和气相色谱氮磷检测器定性定量分析的色谱条件、吗啡气相色谱氮磷检测器定量分析的线性范围及吗啡最小检出量0 1ng。结论　该方法定性定量结果准确、可靠 ,定量线性范围可满足实际办案需要 ,为吸食鸦片类毒品人群血液中吗啡的定性定量分析提供了分析方法和依据     

Managing visibility and differentiating in recruitment of women as leaders in the armed forces

Recruitment is one of the Swedish Armed Forces’ (SAF) main challenges today. Recruiting more women into the organization is one of the organization’s aims, as well as providing them with more opportunities for career development. The purpose of this article is to gain a deeper understanding of how female military officers perceive barriers and advantages on their way to higher leadership positions. A total of 10 women from a variety of backgrounds and positions in the armed forces were interviewed. Their ranks ranged from Captain to Colonel and they represented army, naval units and air force. The interviews were analysed using a Grounded Theory approach. The qualitative analysis resulted in two main themes: Supporting visibility of women as leaders and differentiation of women as leaders. The former concerns positive strategies on an individual and organizational level that support an increase in the number of female leaders in the SAF, and is a way of responding to political incitements and the SAF’s fundamental values. The second concerns ways how women are portrayed as different and divergent from the male standard. The suggested model may be valuable in recruitment, educational settings and leader development of high-level military officers from a gender perspective.     

对马克思主义几个理论问题的哲学反思

在实施马克思主义研究和建设工程的过程中,要澄清理论误区,创新发展马克思主义。重新审视对马克思主义理论的认识和理解,确实存在既有教条式的理解,也有附加在马克思主义名下的错误观点。归纳起来有四个问题需要进一步研究和澄清。     

Exploring the Social Context of Instrumental and Expressive Homicides: An Application of Qualitative Comparative Analysis

Using data from the UCR's Supplementary Homicide Reports, the methodof qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is used to examine whetherinstrumental and expressive homicides are similar or unique in their socialcontext (i.e., combinations of offender, victim, and situationalcharacteristics). Instrumental and expressive homicides are found to haveboth common and unique social contexts, but the vast majority of homicideincidents involve combinations of individual and situational factors thatare common in both general types of homicides. Among subtypes ofinstrumental (like rape, prostitution, robbery murders) and expressivehomicides (like lovers' triangles, brawls, and arguments), there iswide variability in their prevalence of unique and common components. Afterdiscussing these results, the paper concludes with illustrations of how QCAmay be used in other areas within criminology.     

质性研究在循证矫正本土化中的价值

循证矫正本土化需要研究方法的科学化和多元化。质性研究作为有效的社会科学的研究方法,具有异于量性研究的价值趋向。质性研究是挖掘本土化矫正证据的有效方法,其成果有助于循证矫正本土化证据与矫正实践的衔接,有利于培育本土化循证矫正土壤。重视质性研究在循证矫正本土化中的价值,能够推动循证矫正本土化的快速发展。     

The Challenge of Providing Culturally and Linguistically Accessible Human Services in Rural and Increasingly Diverse Communities

Abstract

This paper uses a case study of one small rural community in New England to educate social workers, other human service professionals on linguistic, cultural accessibility issues with clients who have Limited English Proficiency (LEP). The relevant civil rights law, case law, federal guidelines, which form a framework of protection for persons with LEP are presented, used as a mirror to which human service efforts to meet linguistic, cultural accessibility are held. Finally, strategies for small rural communities with multiple small populations of persons with LEP are presented.     

Teacher Turnover in the Context of Teacher-Directed Violence: An Empowerment Lens

ABSTRACT

Teacher turnover is a significant issue in education that negatively affects students’ academic performance and instructional continuity. While multiple factors impact turnover, the effects of violence directed against teachers on turnover have rarely been explored. The current study examines the extent to which (dis)empowerment applies to teachers who experienced incidents of violence and related intentions to leave their positions. The study includes 403 teachers from a national survey examining teacher-directed violence and teachers’ most upsetting experiences with violence. Using content analysis, results indicated teachers endorsed low levels of empowerment dimensions including status, autonomy and decision-making, and impact. Further, disempowerment was associated with turnover intentions and decisions. Future directions for research, practice, and policy are considered to increase empowerment and prevent turnover following incidents of violence.     

30名贪污受贿人员心理蜕变过程的质性研究

本研究运用Nvivo8．0质性分析研究工具，对30个贪污受贿等腐败案例进行剖析。结果表明，贪污受贿行为“39”和“59”年龄现象不明显；不同年龄段贪污受贿的心理动机存在差异，并且主要集中在“攀比失衡”、“贪婪与诱惑”、“为利益关系人牟利”、“虚荣心”和“自傲”5类；贪污受贿人员的心理状态随着犯罪行为的发生发展呈现一定的规律性，他们在实施犯罪的过程中都经历了复杂的心理过程。研究贪污受贿人员的心理蜕变过程，并加以利用和正确引导，对预防贪污受贿犯罪具有积极的作用。