浅议能动司法的理论与实践

能动司法是在借鉴西方司法制度与考察我国国情的基础上形成的一种司法理念。由于其在提高司法效能、促进司法正义等方面的特殊作用,已经受到我国法学界和实务界的高度重视。本文通过在理论推导、实践需求、价值取向等方面的研究,对践行具有中国特色的适度的能动司法进行探析。     

氨基胍对内毒素血症肉鸡肝线粒体自由基代谢的影响

为探讨自由基在肉鸡内毒素血症发病机理中的作用,将120只30日龄的肉鸡,公母各半,随机分为A、B、C、D共4组,每组30只。A组为对照组,B组为内毒素组,C组为氨基胍治疗组,D组为氨基胍组。分别在处理后第1、3、5、7、9 h每组各宰杀6只提取肝线粒体,检测肝线粒体中的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果显示,内毒素血症时肝线粒体中SOD、GSH-Px和CAT活性降低,MDA含量明显升高,肝线粒体中T-AOC活性下降,而氨基胍治疗组则情况明显好转。结果表明,由于自由基的增多而引起的脂质过氧化损伤在肉鸡内毒素血症发病机理中起着重要的作用,氨基胍可有效拮抗脂质过氧化造成的损伤。     

近20年我国青少年需要研究综述

近20年来,我国学者从理论思辨和实证研究的角度,围绕青少年需要的结构、特征及其发展趋势等问题域,从不同的理论框架入手,提出了不同时期青少年需要的特征.研究状况表明:青少年的需要问题没有受到应有的重视,既有的研究也存在着对心理的整体观和等级结构性重视不够;对研究中提出的青少年需要的种类缺乏清晰的界定;对青少年需要特征和结构的验证性研究和反思性研究不够等不足.青少年需要研究,在方法论上必须走现象学和实证法相整合的道路.在理论基础上应当借鉴东西方关于人的需要的基本理论或思想,从需要的共性出发把握青少年的需要.在研究途径上要重视青少年需要的生态化研究.     

马克思价值决定数学模型的建立

根据马克思在《资本论》中对商品价值和价值规律基本原理的描述,结合当今马克思主义学者的研究成果,可以建立马克思价值决定数学模型,应用此模型可以充分说明商品价格围绕商品价值变动的关系。     

The right-wing populism of India’s Bharatiya Janata Party (and why comparativists should care)

Despite the vast amount of comparative research on right-wing populist parties over the past decade, there has been little work on non-European parties (as opposed to leaders). In this article, we argue that the international literature on populist parties has largely overlooked a significant non-European case: India’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP – Indian People’s Party). Following the ideational approach to understanding populism, we examine whether the three distinguishing features of right-wing populism – its conceptions of “the people”, “elites” and “others” – are reflected in the views from interviews we conducted with BJP officials and representatives. We find that they are and so then consider whether they have been manifest in actions and statements while in power or whether, as some scholars claim, governing parties like the BJP moderate their populism. We conclude that the BJP can be very fruitfully included in comparative research on right-wing populist parties and propose a series of concrete ways in which this could be pursued.     

How do psychiatric patients on prison healthcare centres differ from inpatients in secure psychiatric inpatient units?

Abstract

Mentally ill prisoners have consistently been highlighted as a group with complex needs. However, it is not clear what these needs are, how effective prison health services are in meeting the needs of this vulnerable group, and whether there would be any benefit to transferring them to psychiatric facilities. This study compared the characteristics and needs of mentally ill patients in prison healthcare centres (HCC prisoners) with patients in forensic medium secure psychiatric units (MSU inpatients) in the UK. HCC prisoners and MSU inpatients were in fact very similar. Where they did differ, though, was that MSU inpatients were significantly more likely to be of non-white ethnicity, diagnosed with psychotic or substance use disorders, and have recorded histories of drug misuse. HCC prisoners and MSU inpatients reported the same number of needs overall, according to the CANFOR-S (Camberwell Assessment of Need Forensic Short Version), but HCC prisoners reported significantly higher levels of unmet need. The need for transfer to alternative services was common in both groups, with bottlenecks evident at all levels. The high level of unmet need reported in the HCC prison sample is of particular clinical concern and highlights the need for improved assessment and treatment services in this setting.     

Introduction to special issue: contradictory interests of offspring and parents, 1500–2000

Conflicts between parents and offspring at home are not a popular issue, at least not in the field of the history of the family. Nevertheless do they occur and it might be rewarding to study these phenomena, although historical sources are scarce. They can be an expression of more general social tensions and they might provoke social changes. This Special Issue presents four contributions in which the central focus is about tensions between parents and grown-up offspring that is still at home. Three topics will be dealt with: marriage, earnings of children working elsewhere, and the threat of leaving home. Factors that seem to affect the balance of interests between parents and offspring include parental power, family needs, public authority and interests taken by children in the outside world.     

From the Agora to the Coffee-House: Heller's Quest for Philosophical Radicalism

Abstract

This paper considers Agnes Heller's attempt to construct a post Marxist radical philosophy. It examines the two main phases of this project: beginning with her late seventies A Radical Philosophy, it charts her development towards the position she now characterises as reflective post-modernism. It shows that despite a constant commitment to rational critique, Heller's concept of philosophical radicalism has shifted from an emphasis on total critique to that of maintaining balance between the rival technological and historical imaginations that exercise a ‘double-bind’ over the modern individual. The paper explains the rationale of this evolution, highlights the features of each phase and critically analyses their weaknesses. Finally it argues that Heller's contemporary position represents a sophisticated attempt to overcome the limitations of former left radicalism and address the continuing need for orientation in contemporary modernity.     

Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe: Perceptions and Use of Contacts

Proceeding from mass society theory and the theory of social capital, this article discusses the effect of social isolation, social trust, and membership in voluntary organizations on radical right-wing voting in Belgium, Denmark, France, Norway, and Switzerland. By using data from the first and third rounds of the European Social Survey, a number of logistic regression models are estimated. The results indicate that social isolation and social capital, measured as active membership in voluntary organizations, are of marginal value for explaining radical right-wing voting, although there is some cross-national variation. Moreover, the results show that not even members of humanitarian aid and human rights organizations are less likely to vote for the radical right, which clearly questions the universalistic ambitions of Putnam's theory of social capital and its core idea that organizational membership fosters tolerance and civic virtues.