Farmers Stage a Comeback: But Have the Greens Sold Out?

In 2001 farmers in the UK seemed besieged both by domestic crises and international pressures for reductions in agricultural subsidies in order to stop trade distortions which harm developing countries. However, since then cutbacks in EU farm subsidies have failed to materialise and the reformed subsidy system is now given political cover by a new alliance with environmentalists. This follows linkage of increasing proportions of farm subsidies to environmental purposes rather than agricultural production. This article questions whether the reforms will achieve cuts in agricultural overproduction. Moreover, environmentalists who have supported the reforms may be sidelining the interests of developing countries in return for environmental gains which are at best superficial and at worse totally illusory. An alternative environmental strategy is discussed.     

法律的人性关怀与刑罚轻缓化

人性就是人类基于自然原因和社会原因所产生的内在需要。人性是人的本质的对象化，这与资产阶级倡导的唯心主义私欲观、利己主义是不同的。实现人性的手段可以做价值判断，人性本身却没有善恶之分；人性不能得到满足是犯罪产生的终极原因，我们的制度设计应该尽量满足人性而不是压制人性；人性满足得越充分，发生犯罪的可能性就越小，同时人们对刑罚的敏感度也越高；那些具有普世价值的诸如民主、自由、平等方面的人性需求，在当今我国还需进一步满足，以便为刑罚轻缓化创造良好的氛围。     

践行科学发展观,遵循"以人为本"发展社会主义文化

我们当前提出社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，提出建设社会主义先进文化，特别是十七大提出增强文化“软实力”。但是，我国的文化发展也面临一系列的难题与挑战，如传统文化如何尽快实现现代化，如何更好地融合本土文化与外来文化，特别是马克思主义的中国化。此外，还要面对文化全球化的冲击；实现文化的现代化的同时还要考虑如何摆脱文化的过度被同化导致的文化丰富性减弱等问题。面对诸多问题，如何更好地发展社会主义文化？最根本的原则就是遵循“以人为本”。     

构建和谐课堂才能真正做到服务民生

教育是民生之基，课堂教学是服务民生的直接途径。教学要充分体现公平性与公益性，要面向全体学生，满足每个学生不同的学习需求；要树立科学的教育理念，遵照学生认知规律、成长规律，努力营造有利于学生成长和发展的教学环境，使教学真正做到为学生的学习、成长和发展服务；认真落实以人为本的科学发展观，以教学促进学生全面发展，为构建和谐社会服务。     

满足公安实践需求的公安技术课程教学改革研究

公安技术是公安工作的重要组成部分,随着社会的发展,犯罪分子作案手段日益隐蔽,实践中对公安技术的依赖越来越重,公安技术课程的改革研究势在必行。本文在广泛调查研究并翻阅大量资料的基础上,找出了现阶段公安技术课程教学中存在的问题,并提出了教学改革的方向。     

大众民主何以可能：一种现实主义民主观的审视

对于现代大众大规模地走向政治公共领域，西方理论界存在着现实主义和激进主义的观念分化。其中，现实主义民主观看到了大众民主的限度，即大众的非理性、群众煽动家的操控和大众治理资质的贫乏。历史与现实都可以证实，对大众民主的这种批判有其合理的成分。对此，我们在思考大众民主之可能性时，需要解决如下基本的认知问题，即防范民粹主义倾向，建立民主规则共识，培养大众开明理解力。     

Rural Versus Urban Victims of Violence: The Interplay of Race and Region

This paper examines individuals who were victims of domestic violence in Illinois between 1990 and 1995, comparing the traits and service needs of those who received assistance in an urban county over the 5-year period with those who were served by domestic violence programs in rural areas. Analysis focuses on the demographic characteristics of clients in each region, their relationship to the abuser, type of abuse, referral source, and need for both concrete and supportive services. In addition to looking at variations by region, analysis examines differences between African American and White clients within and across geographic areas so that the interaction of race and location is highlighted. Results indicate that apart from demographic differences related to race, there is little difference in the circumstances of abuse when victims in the urban region are compared to rural victims of violence. However, those in rural environments regardless of race, have more service needs. Differences in service needs also exist in relation to race, and for some services, both race and location are important. The implications of these findings for policy, practice, and future research are examined.     

Production of Scientific Knowledge and Radical Uncertainty: The Limits of the Normative Approach in Innovation Economics

The aim of this article is to explain that, in the context of the production of scientific knowledge, it is logically impossible to define some institutional structures enabling the maximization of the social surplus.Our argumentation relies on the theory of Popper according to which it is impossible to anticipate the result of a given process of production of scientific knowledge. Consequently, we conclude that it is impossible to compare the respective efficiencies of alternative structures of production of scientific knowledge.The document consists in a critical review ofthe literature in economics of innovation and knowledge. JEL Classification: D8, L1, O3     

Abortion Needs or Abortion Rights? Claiming State Accountability for Women’s Reproductive Welfare

The Family Planning Association Northern Ireland (F.P.A.N.I.) has recently been successful in holding the state accountable for its duty to safeguard women’s reproductive health and welfare, and clarify the circumstances in which abortion is lawful. By demanding that the Minister for Health investigate abortion provision and produce abortion guidance, F.P.A.N.I. hope to improve the quality of abortion services and alleviate the situation of those women who are legally entitled to abortion in Northern Ireland but cannot access it there. This action has challenged a public failure which impacts most negatively on those women who cannot easily escape its effects. Although the case succeeded in shaming the state for such a failure, the judicial review strategy could not challenge the legal ethos which denies women a say over their reproductive lives. This case commentary argues that pro-choice strategic litigation needs to positively and generally assert women’s reproductive rights at the same time as it seeks to accommodate the needs of the most vulnerable.     

The limit-experience and self-deradicalisation: the example of radical Salafi youth in Tunisia

This article gives an example of self-deradicalisation from Tunisia. It addresses the potential of radicalised individuals to de-radicalise themselves from within the Salafi doctrine with no external interventions, in comparison with the state’s religious rehabilitation approaches to tackling radicalism which not only fail but are also counterproductive. Deradicalisation could, of course, involve a more comprehensive rejection of Salafi ideology. This article suggests that an effective type of deradicalisation that is more likely to make the desired change possible is one in which there is a gradual modification of some attitudes and behaviours without abandoning the whole underpinning Salafi ideology. Referring to the personal narratives of 28 individual Tunisian Salafis, the article identifies phases of radicalisation and deradicalisation as the individual voluntarily moves from embracing radical ideology to a more critical understanding and practice reflecting on personal and interpersonal experiences of being radicalised. The research shows that the process of self-deradicalisation is reflective of Salafi youth experience of engagement with radicalism and is more likely to happen in societies that allow political expression and individual freedom that invoke individuals’ critical thinking.