论社会主义市场经济中的剩余价值范畴及其新的社会形式

社会主义市场经济是市场经济与社会主义生产关系的统一。作为市场经济 ,就必然存在剩余价值 ;作为社会主义市场经济 ,就必然存在社会主义剩余价值 ,可将其命名为“公共需要价值”。社会主义市场经济是市场经济的新的社会形式 ,因而公共需要价值就是剩余价值的新的社会形式。     

网络互动中青年亲和社会需求的实现

网络互动是一种全新的人际互动模式,它改变了人们交往过程中吸引力诸要素的排列顺序,是青年人释放情感的最佳方式,网络互动形成了网络亚文化群体,有利于实现青年人的亲和社会需求。     

当代中国人口迁移的裂变

迁移行为是人口最基本的行为之一,是引起社会结构与功能变化的主要因素,人口迁移的裂变是其发挥功能的主要手段。现代化是社会发展的必然趋势,亦是这种裂变的必然成果。和平与发展是当代世界的主旋律,为我国人口迁移与裂变提供了良好环境。人口迁移的裂变在经过历史的积淀后,必将爆发,释放出推动社会飞跃的巨大能量,为实现现代化铺奠基石。     

消费者概念的法律思考

消费者是社会最终产品和服务的接受者,是购买、使用、持有、处分、接受商品和服务的人,是具有最终消费行为的主体。判断消费者的依据是最终消费行为,不应考虑行为者的目的、动机:是否以盈利为目的;是否为满足“生活需要”。在单位以最终消费主体而非以经营者身份与其他经营者形成的生活消费关系中,单位是消费者。     

新农村建设中农民精神文化需求探析

人作为社会性存在物,不仅具有物质需求,而且还有精神文化需求。随着农村经济社会快速发展和农民物质生活水平不断提高,农民的精神文化需求越来越旺盛,在建设社会主义新农村、创造新的生产生活方式、构建和谐社会和农村精神文明建设中所占的地位也越来越重要。为此,应从政府、社会公共文化服务层面、农民自身层面不断满足和提升农民的精神文化需求。     

解惑大学生就业难:基于需求导向的思考

功利主义大学观和功利主义就业观有其存在的需求基础,大学生就业难在很大程度上是由个体经济理性选择导致的集体行动悖论。因此,应从现代大学生以及用人单位的需求出发,不断扩大大学的投融资渠道;加强与用人单位在人才培养、教学实践以及专业能力考察和认证上的合作;根据用人单位的需求制定大学生就业发展规划,并将其融入大学生的整个培养过程,促进"大学生学业"的能力而非功利导向;推进"大学生就业"的发展和规划导向而非简单模仿的集体行动导向。     

How to stay populist? The Front National and the changing French party system

Abstract

The main aim of this contribution is to assess the relevance of the notion of ‘exclusionary populism’ for the characterisation of the Front National (FN) in France. Since its emergence in the 1970s, several categories or notions have been applied to this political party. Once considered as the resurgence of a traditional extreme right, it has since been classified as a case of a new European right-wing extremism, or as one of the neo-populist parties that obtained electoral successes in the 1990s. The recent evolution of the party has also been described as a sort of ‘normalisation’. Is therefore ‘exclusionary populism’ still a category that can grasp the evolution of the party, as well as its present position in the French party system? To answer this question, this article examines political discourses and various electoral platforms of the Front National to gather some empirical evidence. The argument is twofold: The Front National, despite its ‘dédiabolisation’ strategy, is still a classic populist party characterised by exclusionary populism and a sort of ‘catch-all populism’; its evolution is, however, dependent on the recent evolution of the French party system.     

美好生活的社会保护水准:社会政策体系中基本生活需要标准的建构

基本生活需要保障是我国不断满足人民美好生活需要的基础。构建基本生活需要标准,关键在于瞄准相对贫困目标、构建福利认证标准和消除社会排斥状态。基于人类需要理论和国外基本需要战略等相关研究,应以民生保障、适度普惠、多维满足和防止伤害等为具体目标,建构起具有中国特色的基本生活需要标准。这一标准分为最低标准和适当标准两个层次,包括收入、医疗、教育、住房和照料五个维度的货币指标和非货币指标。以"美好生活"为核心的新时代社会政策体系要在全面性与协调性、主动性与精准性、适度性与发展性三个方向着力保障人民基本生活需要,从消除绝对贫困走向解决相对贫困。     

Evola's interpretation of fascism and moral responsibility

ABSTRACT

The ideological influence that several right-wing radical thinkers exercised on the Norwegian ‘lone wolf’ terrorist Anders Behring Breivik raises the question of how far a writer can be held responsible for acts of terrorism s/he may have influenced. Italian history provides a vital lesson in this respect: namely, the role played by the Italian traditionalist Julius Evola in the crucial passage from Fascism to neo-fascism. After reviewing Evola's ideological development, Wolff then analyses Evola's influence on a young generation of neo-fascists in Italy. Another relevant topic is the ideological continuity between Fascism and neo-fascism identified here, as centred on Evola's view of ‘general fascism’ as the Traditional right.     

Construct validity and internal reliability of the Finnish risk and needs assessment form

Validation of risk and needs assessment instruments used to predict, and reduce, recidivism and misconduct is of ethical, practical and scientific importance. We argue for a focus on variable (i.e. changeable over time) risk factors, and that validation begins with establishing construct validity. The Finnish Risk and Needs Assessment Form, in Finnish Riski- ja tarvearvio (RITA), is a semi-structured interview form adapted from the Offender Assessment System used in England and Wales and consists primarily of variable risk factors. In this study, we examined the construct validity and internal reliability of RITA. The results suggest that the original RITA sections do not provide an adequate statistical model for describing the relationship between scored questions, and we, therefore, offer an improved model. In our proposed model, several scores are influenced by more than one dimension of risk and the dimensions correlate with each other considerably. We suggest that the dimensions that can be measured with RITA are Problems managing economy, Alcohol problems, Resistance to change, Drug abuse and associated behaviour, Aggressiveness and Employment problems. All factors except Drug abuse and associated behaviour had very good internal reliability. We propose this new model to be used in future research with, and in development of, RITA.