DART-TOFMS法检测发射药中的硝化甘油和Ⅱ号中定剂

目的建立一种快速检测发射药中主要成分硝化甘油（NG）、Ⅱ号中定剂（C2）的方法。方法采用实时直接分析飞行时间质谱技术（DART-TOFMS）,在正负离子模式下,通过特征分子离子精确质量数进行检材中NG和C2的定性分析。结果 NG的检测限为0.044mg/L,C2的检测限为0.0032 mg/L,检测时间仅在1min以内。结论该方法无需样品前处理和预分离,且具有快速、不受样品存在形态限制等优点,已用于案件检验,为案件的快速侦破发挥了重要的作用。     

The Optimization of Electrophoresis on a Glass Microfluidic Chip and its Application in Forensic Science

Microfluidic chips offer significant speed, cost, and sensitivity advantages, but numerous parameters must be optimized to provide microchip electrophoresis detection. Experiments were conducted to study the factors, including sieving matrices (the concentration and type), surface modification, analysis temperature, and electric field strengths, which all impact the effectiveness of microchip electrophoresis detection of DNA samples. Our results showed that the best resolution for ssDNA was observed using 4.5% w/v (7 M urea) lab‐fabricated LPA gel, dynamic wall coating of the microchannel, electrophoresis temperatures between 55 and 60°C, and electrical fields between 350 and 450 V/cm on the microchip‐based capillary electrophoresis (μCE) system. One base‐pair resolution could be achieved in the 19‐cm‐length microchannel. Furthermore, both 9947A standard genomic DNA and DNA extracted from blood spots were demonstrated to be successfully separated with well‐resolved DNA peaks in 8 min. Therefore, the microchip electrophoresis system demonstrated good potential for rapid forensic DNA analysis.     

猪链球菌血清2型环介导等温扩增快速检测方法的建立

为了建立快速、灵敏的猪链球菌血清2型(SS2)LAMP检测方法,根据GenBank登录的SS2特异的荚膜多糖(cps2 H)基因序列作为检测靶标,在其序列的保守区域设计LAMP引物,利用参考菌株S735基因组DNA为模板进行扩增,优化了LAMP的反应条件和反应体系,并进行了敏感性、特异性和重复性试验。结果,利用建立的LAMP方法对SS2进行扩增,扩增产物显色呈现阳性反应,电泳出现阶梯状条带,最低检测量为0.186fg/μL模板DNA,比常规PCR高1 000倍;且与其他常见的细菌无交叉反应。结果表明,建立的LAMP方法具有灵敏、特异、快速和重复性强等优点,适用于猪链球菌病的实验室快速检测。     

Potentially Lethal Behaviors Associated With Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: Review of the Literature and Forensic Implications

Abstract:  Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by loss of the muscle atonia of REM sleep, with release of complex and violent behaviors that are often attempted dream-enactments. This study reviewed the literature on RBD with regard to potentially lethal behavior. A total of 39–41 clinical cases of RBD associated with potentially lethal behaviors to self and/or others were found, involving a child and adults of all age groups, that manifested as choking/headlock ( n  = 22–24), defenestration/near-defenestration ( n  = 7), and diving from bed ( n  = 10). A total of 80.8% ( n  = 21) were males; 19.2% ( n  = 5) were females; mean age was 65.6 ± (SD) 13.8 years (range: 27–81 years, and a child). (Gender/age data were not listed in the remaining cases.) An etiologic association of RBD with a neurologic disorder (or with pharmacotherapy of psychiatric disorders, n  = 4) was present in 21–23 patients. Thus, RBD carries well-documented, potential forensic consequences during RBD episodes that could possibly have been misinterpreted as suicidal or homicidal behavior.     

益肤乳膏剂制备工艺研究

目的 优选益肤乳膏剂最稳定配方及制备工艺。方法 筛选不同乳剂基质和不同乳化剂;并以外观性状和离心效果为指标,经正交设计试验对益肤乳膏的制备工艺进行优化。结果 益肤乳膏处方中油相比为33.6%,乳化剂选用甘油酯44/14和乳化-OP做混合乳化剂时最为稳定。在制备工艺中,采用水相加入油相、控制乳化温度在80 ℃、乳化时间30 min、搅拌速度750 r/min条件下制得的成品外观色泽佳,皮肤感觉良好,稳定性高。结论 所优选的益肤乳膏剂制备工艺简便、合理,所得制剂稳定,适用于工业化生产。     

DART-MS/MS快速检测人血中的3种合成大麻素

目的使用实时直接分析-串联质谱,建立快速检测人血中的JWH-018、JWH-250和AM-2201的方法。方法用乙腈-甲醇(4:1)沉淀蛋白的方法对血样进行简单前处理,采用DART 12Dip-it自动进样系统,以正离子、MRM模式进行分析。结果血液中JWH-018、JWH-250、AM-2201可以得到有效检测,在0.02-5.00μg/m L线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,检出限分别为0.016μg/m L,0.003μg/m L和0.017μg/m L,日内、日间RSD均小于15%。结论本文所建方法灵敏度高,准确性较好,方法省时省力,可用于实际案例血液中合成大麻素JWH-018、JWH-250、AM-2201的分析。     

科学发展观第一要义的六维解读

科学发展观的第一要义是发展。从性质、规律、社会、世界、动力和实质六大维度解读科学发展观的第一要义,对于全面把握第一要义的科学内涵,深刻认识发展的决定性意义,有力增强贯彻落实科学发展观的自觉性和坚定性,具有重要的意义。     

利用Q-TOFLC/MS建立二级谱图数据库快速检测90种农药的初步研究

目的建立90种农药的数据库（含二级谱图）,以达到快速筛选检验该范围内的未知样品目的。方法优化一种Q-TOF LC/MS分析条件,将90种农药分别依次进行Q-TOF LC/MS-MS二级谱图分析,利用PCDL软件建立数据库。并同时实验了血样中10种不同浓度农药（100ng/mL、500ng/mL）的添加实验,对建库方法进行了验证。结果阳性识别率在80%以上。结论本方法简便灵敏、快速实用。     

Rapid response or evasive action? Regional organization responses to peace operation demands

Abstract

Scholars have largely overlooked a critical influence on the effectiveness of organizations in their conduct of peace operations: response duration. The consequences of prolonging the time between the demand and supply of a peace operation often include a rise in the death toll on the ground and a fall in the operation's legitimacy in the eyes of the local population. This paper aims to present and explain surprising variation among regional organizations' response rates – a critical influence on operations' prospects for success. The evidence that I have collected shows that despite its relative superior capacity, the European Union responds more slowly than the African Union and other less affluent regional organizations conducting similar peace operations. Applying theories of international organization pathologies, the paper argues that institutional design problems of bureaucratic dysfunction hinder organizations' abilities to rapidly respond.