试论我国区际继承法律冲突及其解决途径

由于“一国两制”方针的推行和一些特殊历史原因的影响,我国已经成为“一个国家,两种制度,三大法系,四个法域”的复合法域国家,区际法律冲突不可避免。在大量出现的区际民事法律关系中,继承关系占据了一定比例。由于我国四法域的继承法律制度差异很大,且区际继承关系较其它的民事关系复杂,所以,区际继承法律冲突及其解决途径问题则更加复杂。本文在比较四法域继承法律制度异同的基础上,详细评析了区际继承法律冲突各种解决途径的优劣利弊,认为通过准用(或类推适用)国际私法解决区际继承法律冲突是目前最现实、最可行、最稳妥地选择。     

Managerial autonomy: does it matter for the performance of water utilities?

The public administration literature asserts that autonomy is central to performance. In this article we develop a managerial autonomy index, which we apply to 22 water utilities in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. The 16 items that underlie our composite autonomy index display a high degree of internal consistency. This speaks for the validity of the autonomy concept. We find that the autonomy scores of the 22 utilities vary widely. We also find strong and positive associations between autonomy scores and six out of eight key performance indicators. Our results support the idea that autonomy is central to the performance of water service providers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Independent regulatory agencies in Turkey: are they really autonomous?

This article examines the autonomy of independent regulatory agencies (IRAs) in Turkey. It explores, first, the different factors that have led to the creation of IRAs and second, the legislative basis of their formal or de jure autonomy. Thereafter, the article assesses the extent to which this formal autonomy is really put in practice and how it is perceived by board members. The enquiry was conducted through a survey comprising interviews and a questionnaire applied to the same. It concludes that although formal autonomy is satisfactorily provided for by law, government tends to limit this autonomy through secondary legislation. Consequently, there are some constraints on the actual use of autonomy. Concerning de facto autonomy, survey findings show that boards are exposed to external and internal pressures and interference in their deliberations. Thus, the assumption that ‘the greater the autonomy the more efficient the management’ is questioned. The main sources of pressure on board members are from the regulated sectors themselves. These findings have an important bearing on democracy and the political–administrative interface, as it is confronted by market forces. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Security culture,transnational challenges and the Economic Community of West African States

This special issue explores how one particular regional organisation, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), has defined certain transnational issues as security threats and how it has addressed them. In this introductory article, we begin by providing an overview and analysis of some of the most important transnational security challenges facing West Africa. Specifically, we discuss some of the problems raised by cross-border insurgencies, health challenges, organised criminal activities, terrorism and environmental degradation. We then examine the different levels at which actors have responded to these challenges. The section ‘Security culture: shaping the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) response?’ sets out our approach to thinking about the concept of security culture and asks whether it might be relevant to understanding how and why ECOWAS has focused on responding to certain transnational security challenges and not to others. The final section provides an overview of the other articles in this issue.     

论地方政府对区域经济发展的调控作用

随着社会主义市场经济的发展,区域经济一体化成为必然的趋势。而我国由于资源分布、社会和经济特点的差异性造成区域经济发展水平较低,各地区经济发展不平衡。地方政府作为地方制度的供给者,有必要综合运用多种手段,从不同层面对区域经济发展进行调控,从而促进区域经济的协调、有序发展。     

区域环境颗粒物污染特征研究

通过对北京经济技术开发区开展的大气环境和污染源监测,研究区域环境空气中颗粒物污染特征。根据不同功能区PM10(可吸入颗粒物)浓度空间分布特征和累积效应,表明区内道路扬尘和施工扬尘是该区域大气颗粒物的主要污染源。根据对道路边界的降尘监测,表明施工工地对道路扬尘的影响非常大。对于处于建设发展期的区域,加强施工扬尘和道路扬尘控制是保证空气质量的重要措施。     

欧盟与中国的软实力对地区和全球治理的影响

本文讨论了欧洲和中国软实力政治对于东亚地区治理过程以及全球治理的影响。文中笔者重点讨论了欧盟及美国对东亚地区特别是对中国政策的特点;指出了二者的区别所在,及其对东亚地区化进程以及东亚地区发展带来的不同影响。通过比较,说明软实力对于地区治理及全球治理将产生深远影响。     

非公有制经济发展与海峡西岸经济区建设

非公有制经济是建设海峡西岸经济区发展战略的生力军。当务之急要认真贯彻国务院关于鼓励支持和引导非公有制经济发展的政策,结合福建非公有制经济和对台优势,对内进一步放开,从立法、政策和制度上给非公有制经济的快速发展创造一个更加宽松、公平的环境,同时,进一步推动闽台区域经济合作,充分发挥非公有制经济在建设海峡西岸经济区过程中的重要作用。     

社区自治：我国社区治理的发展目标

改革开放以来,我国的社区治理主要经历了行政型、合作型两种模式。实现社区自治是我国社区治理的发展目标,但目前条件尚未成熟。要实现社区自治的目标,必须从加强社区治理的法律建设、积极促进第三部门发展、大力发展社会中介组织、积极培育公民的参与意识和社区理念等方面努力。     

新时期村民自治权益保障要点

《村委会组织法》如何在新农村建设中得以贯彻执行,我国农村村民的自治权利怎样才能得到切实保障?新时期村民自治权益保障要点集中体现在以下几个方面:一、说自治,村委会需要更多自主权;二、要权利,不以“一票”论民主;三、话“两委”,村民亟需监督权;四、动真格,村务公开贵在真实。