场外衍生品市场监管制度改革:英国的经验与启示

2008年金融危机暴露出全球场外衍生品市场监管制度的缺陷;金融危机后,全球各个国家和经济体都加强了场外衍生品市场监管制度改革。英国是全球最大的场外衍生品交易中心,英国场外衍生品市场监管制度改革措施一定程度上代表或影响着全球场外衍生品市场监管制度改革的趋势。通过分析金融危机前英国场外衍生品市场监管制度的缺陷以及金融危机后英国场外衍生品市场监管制度改革的主要措施,在此基础上提出完善我国场外衍生品市场立法和监管制度的建议。     

由渤海溢油事件引发的对海洋伦理建设的思考

目前,渤海湾溢油事件已成为公众关注的焦点,在整个事件中,事故责任方、执法部门和公众都对此次事件给予了不同的回应。造成此次事故的原因是多方面的,而海洋伦理的缺失是发生事故的关键。造成海洋伦理失范的原因既有价值观方面的原因,也有利益驱动、法律制度的缺失以及监管不到位等原因。因此,相应的海洋伦理建设需要从多方面着手,构建人海和谐的新海洋伦理观,以杜绝此类悲剧的再次发生。     

European Union Soft Law: New Developments Concerning the Divide Between Legally Binding Force and Legal Effects

The judgment in Polska Telefonia Cyfrowa sheds light on the legal effects of soft law instruments that the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) will recognise, while distinguishing between their legally binding force and their legal or practical effects. European soft law is now often relied on in national courts, and can have an important impact on the rights and obligations of individuals. However, some of the goals of the Commission are only partly attainable due to the specific legal status of soft law instruments, and the current languages policy of the European Union. Given that soft law was not found to expressly impose obligations on individuals, the Court held that there was no requirement to publish it in all the official languages of the European Union. This has a negative impact on transparency and legal certainty, diminishing the role of soft law instruments in promoting such goals.     

Measuring State Environmental Policy

Studies of environmental policy employ various empirical strategies for measuring state environmental effort. The majority of these strategies can be divided into four categories: indices of state programmatic indicators, government expenditures, pollution abatement costs, and regulatory enforcement actions. In this article, we argue that these measures are empirically distinct, capture different attributes of state environmental policy, and are correlated with different intrastate factors. Thus, the choice among environmental policy measures is substantively important for researchers to consider, and we conclude by providing advice to scholars concerning choosing among these measures.     

The Shale Gas Revolution: U.S. and EU Policy and Research Agendas

The “shale gas revolution” raises a host of questions for policy makers and researchers on both sides of the Atlantic. We provide a brief overview of the regulatory environment as it relates to hydraulic fracturing for natural gas in the United States and the European Union. We then pose a set of open questions, which we believe should shape policy and research agendas surrounding shale gas wherever the development of this resource is being pursued or considered.     

Civil society and the regulatory state of the South: A commentary

The basic rationale of the regulatory state is to insulate certain kinds of decisionmaking from political actors. The main purpose of this commentary is to assess the ways that members of civil society, in fact, often shadow and contest the central actors of the regulatory state, even though they are ostensibly well outside it. I offer three distinctions to help broaden and sharpen analysis of the roles and impact of civil society actors: whether civil society actors have special expertise or not; whether the regulatory state is being put in place or already exists; and whether civil society actions are broadly complementary to, or substitutive of, state action. In discussing each of these, I also explore the consequences of the transfer of the regulatory state to the global South, and the way that change in location shapes both the role and impact of civil society and the regulatory state itself.     

我国青年群体创业态势研究

推进青年创业是解决我国当今青年就业问题的有效途径。近年来,在相关政策措施的扶持下,我国青年创业态势良好,活力明显,活动规范,但仍存在资源不足、能力较低和环境不良等问题,这些问题主要体现在创业资金缺乏、知识欠缺和社会经验不足几个方面。经济的发展为创业提供了更大的舞台,但需要加强青年的创业培训,改善社会心理环境,健全创业教育体系。     

试论环境侵权因果关系的认定

随着中国环境污染与破坏的加剧 ,因公害而产生的环境侵权成为中国的一大社会问题 ,所以认定环境侵权的因果关系 ,追究侵权者的法律责任就日显其重要性 ,然而传统的因果关系的认定方法难以胜任对环境侵权的因果关系的认定 ,故本文在分析优势证据说等先进因果关系认定理论的同时 ,提出我国应引进这些学说的建议。     

天津市滨海新区生态环境与城镇可持续发展研究

天津滨海新区城镇是天津市城镇体系的重要组成部分。文章分析了天津滨海新区城镇的主要生态环境问题 ,并提出了城镇可持续发展的基本对策。     

我们需要什么样的生态环境问责制度?——兼议生态环境损害赔偿中地方政府的两难困境

我国的生态环境问责制度是一项以党内法规和生态环境政策为规范基础,并以《环保督察规定》、环保督察制度和问责依据为主体构成的制度。在实践中,它也拥有着基层性、广泛性和严厉性三大特点。这样的属性和特点使得生态环境问责制度一方面对督促地方党委和政府履行生态环境保护职责,解决重大生态环境问题上大有裨益。但另一方面,也给地方政府带来了较大的政治压力,并继而影响到了生态环境损害赔偿制度的实施。在这种压力的影响下,如何引导地方政府积极提起生态环境损害赔偿诉讼就成为了亟待解决的问题。为此,我们首先需要构建生态环保领域干部容错机制,并实现生态环境问责制度法制化的改造,最后完成生态环境问责机制多元化的转变,以此赋予生态环境问责制度新的功能和使命。