Los caminos de la vida: acumulación,reproducción o superación de las desventajas sociales en México

This article develops an analytical model which, using a life-trajector y approach, attempts to identify and understand the articulation of social factors that favors reproduction, deepening or overcoming social disadvantages among youths. The analytical model analyzes longitudinal life-trajectories and places emphasis in their evolving character. The analytical reconstruction exercise stems from the systematization and analyses of 34 life-histories of Mexican youths who experienced harsh social deprivation during their childhood/adolescence. Testimonies were collected in three Mexican cities with diverse development levels: Oaxaca, Monterrey and Mexico City.     

“亲亲相隐”与现代拒证权

现在 ,我国法学领域对“亲亲相隐”持否定态度 ,但“亲亲相隐”精神并不必然与现代法制相违背。许多现代国家的刑法中存留有“亲亲相隐”的条文 ,一些国家的刑诉法中也有一些“亲亲相隐”的规定。将我国传统法文化中“亲亲相隐”的有关理念引进现代法制体系中 ,建立符合我国国情的现代拒证制度 ,有益于关照传统 ,维护亲情 ,促进社会的和谐稳定 ,减少某些司法工作中的麻烦。     

桃红四物汤对脑微血管内皮细胞-PC12细胞共培养体系缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤模型的保护作用

目的 观察桃红四物汤对脑微血管内皮细胞-PC12细胞共培养体系缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤模型的保护作用。方法 采用氧-葡萄糖剥夺再恢复的方法诱导脑微血管内皮细胞（brain microvascular endothelial cells, BMECs）和PC12细胞共培养体系的缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤模型,并通过流式细胞仪检测PC12细胞活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平,酶联免疫吸附法检测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性,采用Western Blot法检测Bcl-2、Bax和缺氧诱导因子-1α（hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α）的表达水平。结果 桃红四物汤促进PC12细胞的活力,抑制细胞凋亡和ROS的产生,抑制MDA的活性,增强SOD和GSH-Px的活性,上调HIF-1α和Bcl-2的表达并下调Bax的表达。结论 桃红四物汤对脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

电针大脑中动脉闭塞模型大鼠血清减轻体外新生乳鼠神经细胞的缺糖低氧损伤的作用研究

目的 观察"电针血清"对新生乳鼠皮质神经细胞糖氧剥夺/复氧(oxygen-glucose depriva-tion and reoxygenation,OGD/R)损伤的作用.方法 将成年SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、电针组,采用电凝法复制大脑中动脉闭塞模型;7d后对各组大鼠进行腹主动脉取血,离心,抽取上清,分离新生...     

《商标法》第44条第1款评注

经过历次修正,《商标法》第44条第1款从原来的绝对理由和相对理由混合规定转变为现在的单纯绝对理由条款。本文首先分析了该条款的法律适用的各个方面。其次,对其中“不正当手段”规定,结合实践提出,应坚持其绝对理由条款的性质,无需过多地关注商标是否实际使用,而应注重其不正当的意图和行为,应区分转让人与受让人的不同情况以确定是否适用“不正当手段”规定。最后,对2019年修正《商标法》第4条与“不正当手段”规定在法律适用中的冲突进行了研究,建议将对大量抢注和囤积注册行为适用第4条的规定,将“不正当手段”规定作为绝对理由的兜底条款,将诚实信用原则作为相对理由的兜底条款,使商标授权确权法律规则体系更加完善。     

Examining Predictors of Depression Among Older Incarcerated Women

For older women in prison, adjustments to prison life are often affected by a variety of mental and physical health symptoms. Many come to prison with specific histories of traumatic life experiences that place them at risk for high levels of depression. Using data gathered from 327 older women (mean age = 56.5), we examined the relationship between a variety of preprison conditions and prison deprivation factors as possible predictors of depression. Stepwise regression results indicated that depression was greater for those with prior abuse histories, functional health problems along with poorer perceptions of mental and physical health, safety and other prison environment concerns. Although race was not a significant predictor in the regression model, a t-test did find that whites were more depressed than African Americans in our sample. Other correlates of depression are also identified that lend insights into the high rates of depression found among elderly women in prison. With such high rates of psychiatric disorders among women offenders, more treatment interventions are needed to adequately serve this population.     

The Radicalization of Homegrown Jihadists: A Review of Theoretical Models and Social Psychological Evidence

This article attempts to consolidate theorizing about the radicalization of Western homegrown jihadists. Five major models of radicalization are reviewed. The commonalities and discrepancies among these models are identified and analyzed in the context of empirical evidence in the field of terrorism research and social psychology. Three psychological factors emerge as contributors to radicalization: group relative deprivation, identity conflicts, and personality characteristics. Avenues for future research concerning the radicalization of homegrown jihadists are suggested, focusing on research that may not only be practical for counter-terrorism, but also feasible given the challenges of research with radicalized individuals.     

基于车体刮擦痕迹检验判断车辆相对运动方向的研究

车体痕迹是以车体作为承痕客体,与其他车辆或物体相互作用时在车体上形成的痕迹。刮擦痕迹在交通事故中属于轻微印迹,其形态结构能很好地反映接触部位的凹凸结构与运动过程。为准确比较同向行驶车辆速度的大小,可根据车辆刮擦痕迹附着物质翘起端的指向和堆积物的形态,利用现场材料制作的样本进行比较,判断出车辆的相对运动方向,从而确保交通事故处理工作更加客观公正,并对样本制作需注意的事项提出了建议。     

指定监视居住法律属性之辨——兼论“剥夺人身自由”的审查

在2012年《刑事诉讼法》中,指定监视居住被定性为羁押替代措施。但是,指定监视居住的制度性特征与传统的非羁押性措施格格不入。立法上指定监视居住的定位混乱一定程度上源于非羁押措施的传统理论界定不清晰。世界范围内人身性强制措施的发展早已模糊了传统理论划分的羁押与非羁押的边界。根据国际人权法的相关规定,对一项人身性强制措施进行定性,不依据该措施的法律称谓,而是审查该措施是否会造成被追诉人处于被剥夺人身自由的状态。以"剥夺人身自由"的具体标准审视指定监视居住制度,可以认定,指定监视居住实际上已经等同于逮捕后的羁押措施。指定监视居住的立法定性是失当的,由此会带来诸多负面后果。     

大鼠皮质神经细胞缺氧缺糖损伤后MAP-2表达变化规律

目的观察原代培养大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞缺氧缺糖（OGD）损伤24h内的形态学及微管相关蛋白2（MAP-2）表达变化。方法使用出生1-2d的Wistar大鼠,取大脑皮质神经细胞进行原代培养,用连二亚硫酸钠加低糖培养基制作神经细胞OGD损伤模型,损伤后应用倒置显微镜观察形态学变化,Western印迹法观察MAP-2蛋白表达变化。结果原代培养大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞OGD损伤后1h,少数神经细胞突起缩短;伤后6-12h神经细胞胞体明显皱缩,多数细胞突起缩短或消失;伤后24h神经细胞形态部分恢复,部分突起重新出现。Western印迹法显示,MAP-2在神经细胞OGD损伤后1h表达降低,伤后12h达低谷,24h表达升高。结论 OGD损伤后,原代培养大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞的形态及MAP-2表达随时间呈现一定的规律性变化。