论现代领导者的压力及其调适

领导者因其地位、作用的特殊性,在工作和生活中普遍感受到较大的压力。引起领导者感受压力的刺激源很多,文章从内外两方面因素进行了分析,并依据有关理论提出了相关的调适对策。     

国有企业领导人员违纪违法的特点、趋势及对策

当前,我国仍处于腐败的易发、高发期,反腐倡廉的形势依然严峻,少数国有企业领导人员以权谋私、贪污贿赂、违规决策等违纪违法案件不断出现,其发案率主要取决于我国法制建设以及公共权力监督制约机制的建设和健全程度,并与党和政府对违纪违法的打击力度和治理效能等因素密切相关。加强法制建设,进一步健全公共权力监督机制,加大党和政府打击违纪违法的力度,能有效遏制和防范国有企业领导人员违纪违法行为。因此,认真剖析国有企业领导人员违纪违法的成因,预测其趋势,探讨遏制对策,力求从根本上解决国有企业领导干部违纪违法问题。     

大国干部调配:中国省级党委常委的来源

地方领导干部的来源不仅能够反映其本人的政治职业特征,也能够反映上级党委及政府选人用人的基本特征。以时下350名省级党委常委为观察对象,通过描述性统计分析发现:省级党委常委的来源类型包括本省选拔、外省调入和中央下派,且以前二者为主,后者为辅;不同来源类型的省级党委常委各自所担任的职务存在明显差异,外省调入和中央下派的常委大多担任更为重要的职务;不同来源类型的省级党委常委在不同地区所占的比例也存在差异,经济越发达或政府治理能力越高的地区,本省选拔的省级党委常委的平均比例也越高,反之,则外省调入的省级党委常委的平均比例越高;不同来源类型的省级党委常委的职务来源也并不相同。当前省级党委常委来源类型的整体分布与地域分布,显示了中央在搭建优势互补、更具政治整合性的省级党委常委领导班子上所做的努力。     

人本化领导是领导发展的必然趋势

综观领导发展的历史,领导实践的未来方向是人本化,即现代的领导更加注重差异,注重个性,注重目的,注重个人的价值和尊严。人本化领导在对传统领导扬弃的基础上有了发展与创新。人本化领导在当前领导实践中已初显端倪,并将不断发展成熟,由隐性走向显性,成为一种新型的领导范式。     

现代领导的战略思维与构建和谐社会的领导力提升

现代领导者要适应形势和环境的变化,运用战略思维应对各种挑战,提高构建和谐社会能力,因此,要实现思维方式六个方面的拓展。     

Feelings about party leaders as a voter's heuristic – what happens when the leaders change? A note

Recent analyses of voting at British general elections deploy a valence theory according to which electors evaluate each party's performance and policies and vote accordingly. Many voters, however, avoid at least some of the effort involved in assembling and assessing information about parties' policies and instead use heuristics such as their feelings about the party leaders as major determinants of their decisions. When party leaders are changed, therefore, differences in voters' feelings about predecessor and successor could lead to changes in party choice. That argument is tested for the 2015 and 2017 British general elections in England, between which all three largest parties changed their leader, with results entirely consistent with the argument. In addition, there were significant changes in feelings about the new party leaders during the six weeks of the 2017 campaign, and these too were linked to final voting choices in the expected directions.     

地方政府领导干部推动项目建设的障碍及其化解——基于对淄博市党政干部的问卷调研及个案访谈

项目建设是实现地方社会经济科学发展的重要载体,推动地方项目建设的关键是"干部",但是目前地方领导干部在推动项目建设过程中遇到了资源制约、管理机制不完善、干部自身能力欠缺等障碍。为了推动地方领导干部项目建设工作,必须多方创造条件,优化各项资源要素供给;健全完善管理机制;强化干部教育培训。     

Signaling Resolve: Leaders,Reputations, and the Importance of Early Interactions

How do leaders develop reputations for resolve across repeated interactions? While scholars find that leaders can acquire individual reputations for resolve, we know relatively little about how these leader-specific reputations form to begin with. This article examines how leaders develop reputations for resolve from the very beginning of their tenures and present three key hypotheses regarding these leader-specific reputations. First, statements are more influential to reputational assessments during initial interactions. Second, statements create expectations of future behavior, which interact with a leader’s subsequent actions to influence reputation development. Third, initial perceptions of resolve significantly condition later assessments. Through a process tracing survey experiment, I find evidence that resolute statements are more substantively influential during early interactions. I also find early perceptions of resolve do significantly influence later perceptions. Furthermore, statements create expectations of future behavior, and it is by meeting or defying these expectations that a leader’s reputation for resolve is improved or injured within the experiment. These results remain robust even when controlling for contextual factors, including state characteristics. The implications of these findings for both scholars and policy makers are discussed, and this study illustrates how individual leaders develop these reputations for resolve across interactions.     

关子再造学习型政府与社会科学发展的深度思考

学习型政府,是一切科学领导和科学发展的基础和前提。现代经济就是学习型经济,因此,领导者知识素质的高低,直接决定着发展中国家经济发展的质量。施行领导是一个知识的输出过程和知识的应用过程。只有在不断地学习先进知识的过程中,政府领导者才能不断地提升自己的价值理性和工具理性。后发优势是晚发型国家和地区的一种重要资源,但没有学习,就没有后发优势。建设学习型政府,就是一次政府组织的再造过程,也是对政府领导者素质的再造过程。     

领导执行力的受制因素及其建构

领导执行力的强弱决定科学发展的成效。现实中领导执行力存在不可忽视的弱化或缺失,严重制约地方的经济社会发展,制约科学发展观的贯彻落实,影响党和政府在人民群众中的威望和信度。理清领导执行力的受制因素,积极建构和提升领导执行力．才能更有成效地推进科学发展。