我国行政复议制度创新:比较与展望

为了有效应对多发多样的行政争议,世界上多数国家纷纷创设并不断完善行政复议制度以分担传统上由司法机关承担的纠纷化解职责。创新是行政复议制度的天然属性,也是其存在的常态。我国统一的行政复议制度确立时间不长,作用发挥积极但还不够充分,面临着体制机制等现实创新需求。这种创新,需要审慎把握理想与现实之间的平衡,其探索方向在于,以行政复议委员会为载体,以规范性和因应性为基点,以权威性、专业性和公信力为价值取向,努力构建中国特色与域外成功经验为一体的行政复议制度。     

羁押必要性之检察审查制度的程序构建

检察审查羁押必要性的适用对象是修正后的刑事诉讼法第79条第一款的被羁押者。审查程序的启动可以是检察机关依据职权审查,也可以是依据被羁押者或其近亲属、法定代理人、其委托的辩护律师申请而进行审查。间隔性审查的期限以60日为宜。审查的方式是对席制和书面调查制,根据不同的方式采取不同的程序。检察审查后作出的无羁押必要的决定应该具有程序效力,但修正后的刑事诉讼法并没有规定该决定的程序执行效力。这在以后的司法实践中可能出现羁押必要性审查制度虚置的现象。     

新型农村社区建设研究述评

新型农村社区建设是近年来的一个热点议题,学者们从不同的视角,用不同的方法对其进行了研究和探索,取得了一系列成果,形成了不少共识,也存在一些争论。文章对新型农村社区的相关概念、基础理论以及主要议题进行了梳理,并对其进行了简评,旨在更好的推进新型农村社区发展。     

未成年人刑事案件审查逮捕程序的改革

在未成年人刑事处理走向宽缓化趋势及审查逮捕程序改革的双重背景下,对未成年人刑事案件审查逮捕程序的改革价值在于推进刑事司法改革。文章从改革的背景谈起,对改革的价值、实务部门对改革进行的探索、针对改革探索的一些论争,进行了归纳梳理,进而对改革的进程提出相关建议。     

审查起诉阶段隐性超期羁押研究

羁押是指判决生效执行前的一种持续限制犯罪嫌疑人或被告人人身自由的特殊强制行为。它虽然在某种程度上保障了诉讼的正常进行,但对于人权的侵害却是非常严重的。文章分析了司法实践中在审查起诉阶段出现的隐形超期羁押的现状以及监督难的原因,并提出了解决对策。     

Judiciaries as crucial actors in Southern regulatory systems: A case study of Indian telecom regulation

This article addresses regulatory reforms in the Indian telecommunications sector and emphasizes the role of the Indian judiciary. Our claim is that when confronted with a series of disputes relating to the nascent telecom regulatory landscape, the Supreme Court of India sought to make a constructive contribution to both the actual disputes as well as the overall regulatory framework. Our reading of these cases suggests that in the sphere of telecom, the Supreme Court has been less interested in stamping its own authority on issues, and has instead sought to bolster the authority and legitimacy of the recently constituted telecom regulatory institutions. We seek to draw attention to the role of the Indian judiciary as marking an exceptional feature of evolving regulatory systems in the Global South. Conventional wisdom in the regulatory jurisprudence that has evolved in the Global North suggests that judiciaries should have little or no role to play in regulatory systems. We suggest that to overcome the special challenges that regulatory systems in the Global South confront, more established institutions and actors might have to lend credibility and legitimacy to enable nascent regulatory actors to develop over time. At least in the Indian case, this is one way to understand the Indian judiciary's interventionist actions in the sphere of telecom regulation.     

The political economy of regulatory change: The case of British merger control

This article aims to explain the broader evolution of British merger control. To this end it outlines a novel critical political economy perspective on regulation and regulatory change which differs from established political economy approaches, such as the regulatory capitalism/state perspectives, in three main ways: it places regulatory ideas at the heart of the analysis, it differentiates between different degrees of regulatory change, and it links regulatory change in delineated issue areas with changing power balances between fractions of capital and labor. The application of this perspective to the analysis of the evolution of British merger control provides some important new insights, most notably that the content, form, and scope of merger control in Britain have been deeply transformed in accordance with neoliberal ideas since the 1980s and that this process, which was part of a broader regulatory and ideational shift, was premised on the ascendancy of transnational capital.     

论违宪审查制度

违宪审查制度是对宪法本身乃至于宪政秩序进行维护的制度性保障机制,该制度已经在世界上大多数国家生根落户,并在维护宪政秩序方面发挥着不可替代的作用。通过对世界各国违宪审查制度进行审视和考察,可以从审查机构到审查程序两个方面,对分散式违宪审查和集中式违宪审查这两种审查模式的产生原因及实际效果进行探究分析,以期对我国违宪审查制度的建构起到参考作用。     

中美未决羁押审查程序比较研究

我国未决羁押采取行政化的审查方式加之缺乏其他的配套制度,导致司法实践中侵犯犯罪嫌疑人、被告人合法权利的现象时有发生。完善我国未决羁押审查程序,应首先将羁押同拘留、逮捕分离,引入羁押听证程序,并赋予犯罪嫌疑人、被告人不服听证结果的上诉权、申诉权和定期申请审查权。     

农信社系统改革历程评析与深化改革建议

农信社系统①是农村金融的主力军,在农村经济中发挥着无可替代的作用。在农信社系统的发展历程中,2003年是一个重要的分水岭,农信社系统的目前状况是2003年实施系统改革的结果。本文对其绩效进行评析,发现农信社系统仍然存在的问题,并提出进一步改革的对策建议。