The Rudd Government's Employment Services Agenda: Is it Post‐NPM and Why is that Important?

Perhaps the most potent symbol of the Howard government's faith in New Public Management (NPM) was the Job Network. Interrogating the Rudd government's replacement package, this article assesses whether the recent restructuring of employment services constitutes a post‐NPM environment. It is argued that there are major post‐NPM elements, seen most clearly in: the softening of jobseeker sanctions; greater deliberation on policy direction and results; a more inclusive employment super‐ministry and reliance on other ‘horizontal’ governance reforms; and enhanced government resources for multiple‐disadvantage clients. However, categorising these changes as post‐NPM is problematic because the steering mechanism remains the market‐based contract, a central NPM characteristic. Theoretical difficulties in applying paradigmatic concepts to services provide additional barriers to conclusive assessments, though the Rudd government's employment services regime provides a basis for taking stock in the post‐NPM debate.     

Regional Corporate Spawning and the Role of Homegrown Companies

This paper presents the results and policy implications of a study that examined the spawning of founders who had previously been employed at large corporations. We found that spawning of founders is positively associated with the parent companies' productivity, innovativeness, and headquarter location. Furthermore, we found that the spin‐off per employee rate is higher in smaller establishments. We also found that the local entrepreneurial culture is significant in explaining local spawning of founders. Finally, we present new empirical evidence on the crucial role of successful homegrown companies in regional cluster development. More specifically, we found that the existence of successful homegrown companies is significantly correlated with the level of the regional entrepreneurial activity. This finding is consistent with the finding of many cluster development case studies. Thus, we argue that successful homegrown companies have a unique role in cluster development. This role can seldom be replaced by nonhomegrown companies. This is related to the notion that prior to the development of an entrepreneurial cluster, some intangible precondition should be realized such as the appearance of local role models and a shift toward a more entrepreneurial culture. In a more general perspective, these results support the notion that knowledge‐based regional development is a complex process that requires a long‐term and continuously adjusting supporting policy rather than being based mainly on attracting established companies' R&D centers to the region.     

从就业保障权看我国劳动法

就业保障权是我国宪法保护的工作权的衍生权利。国际法对此权利的丰富内涵已有明确的标准。以这些国际标准为基准,分析我国现行劳动法对就业保障权的保护程度,并分别从反对任意解雇,限制固定期限合同,提高就业能力三方面对劳动法条文及其实践进行了考察。     

排污许可证制度的法理探析

“排污权”是社会个体的环境权益,排污许可权是环境公益集中代表,排污许可权由环保机关行使,其所有权属于人民。“排污权”及其与排污许可权之间必然有矛盾、冲突,排污许可证制度则是这些冲突相妥协的结果,也成为进一步协调这些冲突的工具。     

拨开我国刑法解释范式的迷雾——以刑法解释目标为向度

刑法解释无疑是构建现代法治的重要题域。但现行刑法解释体制的架构与实际运作因欠缺科学性而亟待重构。刑法解释目标作为探寻适用于刑法解释的最小公分母而对刑法解释权的配置具有"元意义"。以科学的客观解释论为基底,同时兼顾现有体制,主张由最高人民法院独享原本的司法解释权,全国人大常委会保有消极的立法解释权,即只能裁决由最高人民检察院提请的对最高人民法院的司法解释的异议,另外赋予办案法官一定的刑法解释权。     

探究民法中债权人撤销权的行使范围问题

作为债的担保之一的撤销权制度,其中的重要内在涵义即通过撤销债务人的不当的积极行为,恢复债务人的责任财产,以担保全体一般债权人的债权。但由于现实中对其的把握不当,或虽然深解其意,但无法克服实际操作中的众多技术上的瓶颈。导致了撤销权于司法审判中被适用的程度和频率都要远远小于同为债的担保之一的代位权制度。而在众多问题中,撤销权的行使范围争议最大,其究竟是行使撤销权的债权人享有的债权额,还是全体债权人的债权额,亦或是债务人不法处分的财产额。本文将通过对撤销权内在涵义的分析．权衡以上三种标准的利弊,进而提出立法建议。     

农村宅基地使用权流转再探——兼谈小产权房合法化问题

小产权房合法化问题的核心是农村宅基地使用权流转的限制问题。我国现行法律实际上并没有禁止农村宅基地使用权的转让。从理论角度和现状考察分析,农民对其拥有的宅基地使用权都应该有权自由流转,因此小产权房合法化有其合理依据。我国应完善相关立法并逐步放开宅基地使用权流转限制,还农民的主人地位,使农民真正拥有宅基地房屋的支配权。     

Level Two Negotiations: Helping the Other Side Meet Its “Behind‐the‐Table” Challenges

A long analytic tradition has explored the challenge of productively synchronizing “internal” with “external” negotiations, with a special focus on how each side can best manage internal opposition to agreements negotiated “at the table.” Implicit in much of this work has been the view that each side's leadership is best positioned to manage its own internal conflicts, often by pressing for deal terms that will overcome internal objections and by effectively “selling” the agreement to key constituencies. Far less frequently have analysts considered how each side can help the other side with its “behind‐the‐table” barriers to successful agreement. Following Robert Putnam's two‐level games schema, I characterize such “behind‐the‐table” or “Level Two” barriers more broadly, offer several innovative examples of how each side can help the other overcome them, and develop more general advice on doing so most effectively. As a fuller illustration of a Level Two negotiator helping the other side with its formidable behind‐the‐table challenges, I pay special attention to the end‐of‐Cold‐War negotiations over German reunification in which former American Secretary of State James Baker played a key role.     

信托权的法律性质

在信托关系中,受托人对信托财产所享有的支配权被称为信托权。尽管受托人可以以自己的名义管理和处分信托财产,但是受托人支配信托财产不是为了谋求自身的特定利益,因此受托人对信托财产的支配缺乏权利的本质。受托人对信托财产进行符合信托目的、符合委托人意志或受益人利益的管理或处分,只是在履行其对委托人和受益人所承担的债务。     

信访制度的历史演进:一个功能论的视角

实践永无止境,创新永无止境,研究永无止境。从历史的角度探讨信访制度的道路,寻求信访制度变迁的过程及其所遇困难的根源,对当前信访制度的改革具有极其重要的现实意义。