Drug use and pretrial misconduct in New York city

Is recent drug use significantly associated with pretrial misconduct? Does consideration of recent drug use enhance risk classification among a sample of persons who have time free pending the disposition of their cases? Using data on arrestees in Manhattan, this paper examines these issues and some related questions. To measure recent drug use, urine samples were collected from persons shortly after their arrest and tested for four drugs: heroin, cocaine, PCP, and methadone. Two measures of pretrial misconduct are considered: whether a defendant fails to appear for a scheduled court date (FTA) and whether a defendant is rearrested prior to case disposition. Censored probit models are used to estimate the statistical association between drug test results and pretrial misconduct. Results show that drug test results are significantly associated with pretrial misconduct over and above the information typically available to judges at the time release decisions are made. Some implications of these findings for pretrial decision making are discussed.     

浅论我国金融安全问题

加强金融监管,防范金融风险,保持金融稳定,是顺利推进金融改革和发展的基础,是贯彻执行国家宏观调控政策的必要条件,是维护国家经济安全的重要保证。随着我国对外开放的不断深入,加入WTO使我国金融市场的开放成为一种必然趋势,来自外部的风险与日俱增,如何在获得开放利益的同时确保民族金融安全,已成为我国现在必须着手解决的重大问题。     

中国资产证券化SPV模式选择的法律思考

资产证券化是30年来世界金融领域最重大和最具生命力的创新之一.SPV作为资产原始权益人与投资者之间的中介,是资产证券化交易结构的核心.资产证券化选择何种模式,关键在于选择何种形式设立SPV.在我国目前的法律环境下,选择信托公司作为SPV模式较为可行,但也存在一些法律障碍.为此,必须通过专门立法,明确SPV法律地位,赋予信托受益权证有价证券的法律性质,并为其流通做好准备工作.     

Silence and Catastrophe: New Reasons Why Politics Matters in the Early Years of the Twenty‐first Century

Megaprojects are systems of highly concentrated power whose footprints, or radius of effects, are without precedent in human history. Once upon a time, even under imperial conditions, most people on our planet lived and loved, worked and played within geographically limited communities. They never had to reckon with all of humanity as a factor in their daily lives. Whenever they acted recklessly within their environment, for instance, they had the option of moving on, safe in the knowledge that there was plenty of Earth and not many others. Whenever bad things happened, they happened within limits. Their effects were local. The politics of megaprojects radically alters this equation; it poses new questions about the governance of risk and the nature and limits of democratic politics. The politics of megaprojects—put simply—raises fundamental questions about the ‘life and death of democracy’.     

风险社会中刑事司法程序若干问题的思考

在风险社会中,科技发展也促进了犯罪形势的变化,刑法理论在某些方面已经作了一定改变。基于刑事一体化的考虑,刑事司法程序也应作出相应变化。“9·11”事件对传统刑事司法程序理念冲击很大,刑事程序中科技证据的运用和刑事公益诉讼的完善,应引起一定的关注。     

Preferences,Knowledge, and Citizen Probability Assessments of the Terrorism Risk of Nuclear Power

How does the American public assess risk when it comes to national security issues? This paper addresses this question by analyzing variation in citizen probability assessments of the terrorism risk of nuclear power plants. Drawing on the literature on how motivated reasoning, selective information processing, and domain‐specific knowledge influence public opinion, we argue that heterogeneous issue preferences and knowledge of nuclear energy and homeland security have important explanatory power. Using original data from a unique 2009 national survey in the United States, we show that Americans are divided in their probability assessments of the terrorism risk of nuclear power plants. Consistent with our theoretical expectations, individuals who support using nuclear power to meet rising energy demands, who are generally less concerned with terrorism, or who are more knowledgeable about terrorism and nuclear security tend to provide lower assessments of the likelihood that nuclear power plants increase terrorist attacks, and vice versa. The findings have implications for the literature on public opinion, risk assessment, energy policy and planning, and homeland security.     

建构主义视域中的风险及其动态治理——以面粉增白剂的存废为例

风险是未来损失的可能性,具有社会建构的特征,"面粉增白剂"之争验证了建构主义风险理论。在建构主义视域中,风险治理不仅要使风险最小化,还要实现其他的政治和道德目标,并对影响风险的诸多因素进行反思。风险的动态治理,是实现制度动态效率的必然选择。它的有效性以结果为导向,合理性以未来为导向,进而需要不断学习,吸收新思想新观念,并逐步形成一种新的治理文化。     

论罪犯心理危险性分类技术——以罪犯个案矫正为视角

对罪犯的分类是作为一种适应罪犯需要的处遇方式和矫正活动。罪犯的心理危险性具有未知性、潜在性和偶发性特点。罪犯的心理危险性干预属于心理矫治的范畴,具有维护监狱的安全和秩序的价值。决定罪犯心理危险性依据主要是对罪犯以往犯罪状况所进行的预测和评估。罪犯心理危险性分类技术主要有调查分类技术和定量评价技术。     

公诉环节风险评估预警机制的科学构建

公诉环节风险评估预警机制对于化解社会矛盾、维护稳定、促进和谐具有重要意义。公诉环节风险评估机制具有容纳冲突、预测风险等内在价值,通过明确和规范其适用程序、责任追究机制及完善内处部门协调联动机制、加强释法说理等工作可以构建科学、合理的公诉环节风险评估预警机制。     

投融资平台公司信用风险与地方政府信用失序——以法律为视角

法律冲突与制度扭曲环境下的投融资平台公司,从诞生之日起即具有结构性信用风险,而平台公司的信用风险与地方政府的信用具有相关性,其所具有的传导效应构成地方政府信用风险、宏观经济结构调整风险、土地政策调整风险、银行系统风险、财政风险这样一条具有多米诺骨牌效应的信用风险链并或将成为推手。加强地方政府的信用治理,从财政体制上、法律制度上规范地方政府信用秩序是防范平台公司信用风险的根本手段。