陕甘边根据地政权建设的历史经验与现实启示

刘志丹、谢子长、习仲勋等中国共产党人，从西北革命的实际出发，创造性地运用“工农武装割据”思想．开创了陕甘边根据地。共产党领导下的人民政权，通过政治、经济、文化等方面建设，切实满足了人民的利益，巩固了革命根据地，推动了西北革命形势向前发展。陕甘边根据地政权建设的探索，对于当前的社会主义和谐社会建设仍具有现实启示。     

近代陕北的边客及其社会影响

近代陕北地区的边客,是基于陕蒙民众的供需格局,在私市贸易逐步发展的基础上,通过交易日常用品并以此获取利润而形成的个体小商贩。以物易物、钱物交易及固定之会是其基本的运作方式。陕北边客群体的长期边贸生涯,不仅改变了自身生活状况与生活方式,而且在一定程度上也改变了蒙民的经济生活与经济观念,产生了广泛的社会影响。     

Does border enforcement deter unauthorized immigration? The case of Mexican migration to the United States of America

This paper asks whether the migration decisions of unauthorized Mexican immigrants to the USA have been influenced by stronger US border enforcement efforts since 1993 that have sharply increased the physical risk and financial cost of illegal immigration. These measures were supposed to have decreased the probability of successful entry, thereby lowering the expected benefits of migration. We carried out a logistic regression analysis of data from a recent survey of 603 returned migrants and potential first‐time migrants in rural Mexico. Our findings indicate that tougher border controls have had remarkably little influence on the propensity to migrate illegally to the USA. Political restrictions on immigration are far outweighed by economic and family‐related incentives to migrate. An alternative, labor‐market approach to immigration control with higher probability of effectiveness is outlined.     

组织他人偷越国(边)境罪司法认定若干问题解析

组织他人偷越国(边)境罪的"组织"包括集团犯罪、一般共同犯罪和单独犯罪,协助"组织"包括但不限于首要分子指挥下实施的拉拢、引诱、介绍;持用骗领的出入境证件而出入境属于"偷越",但要予以适当限定。本罪侵害的直接客体是我国的出入境许可制度,以被组织人通过实际国(边)界线或者边防检查为既遂标准。视不同情形,本罪与其他妨害出入境管理秩序犯罪分别形成牵连、吸收或者想象竞合关系。     

陕甘边革命根据地建立与发展的历史经验

陕甘边革命根据地是中国共产党人在北方建立的巩固的根据地,后来与陕北革命根据地连成一片,形成陕甘革命根据地。这块革命根据地为红二十五军、中共中央和中央红军长征提供了落脚点。陕甘边革命根据地的建立与发展历尽艰难曲折,其历史经验为：坚定革命信念,努力不懈开展武装斗争,创建红军和革命根据地,在挫折中不断摸索新的斗争方式和路径;从首先保存自己出发,正确估量革命形势和革命力量,选择根据地的中心位置、发展方向、发展方式;根据地的各项政策都要从当地的实际出发;求同存异,以革命大局为重。这些历史经验是极其宝贵的财富。     

朱德对陕甘宁边区经济建设的贡献

为解决陕甘宁边区财政经济严重困难,朱德提出了独立自主发展边区经济的新方略,指导发展边区工业,首倡＂军垦屯田＂政策并领导开发南泥湾,对边区经济建设和革命胜利作出了独特而重要的贡献。     

革命根据地的一个重要模式——陕甘边根据地的特点研究

陕甘边根据地在中共党史和解放军史上具有极为重要的地位，其特点很值得深入研究。从总体上来说，陕甘边根据地是革命根据地的一个重要模式，具有在流动中不断壮大、在勇于探索的同时顾全大局、密切联系群众开展根据地建设等三个鲜明特点。这些特点正是这块根据地能“硕果仅存”的重要原因，也是区别于其他根据地模式的重要表现。     

浅析大部制

大部制是西方发达国家普遍实施的一种政府管理模式。中国新一轮政府机构改革之所以选择以推行大部制为突破口，有其深刻的动因并已具备了一定的条件，但也内存一些阻滞因素，这就要求我们在探索实行大部制进程中，要选择正确的路径，科学推进。     

Public Wi‐Fi provision by Australian local government authorities

Investment by Australian local government authorities (LGAs) in public Wi‐Fi (PWF) provision has grown substantially in recent years. PWF represents the first significant venture of LGAs into telecommunications, a field of national jurisdiction, and thus is a precursor of wider local investment in digital communication technologies, particularly the Internet of Things and other ‘smart city’ infrastructure. However, there has been little published analysis of PWF provision and use in Australia. This knowledge gap limits understanding of the rationales, business models, and uses and impact of investment in these networks and offers little guidance for local authorities and communities contemplating wider ventures in the field of digital networks. This article draws on a national survey of PWF provision by LGAs, together with interview data and critical analysis of policy and institutional settings, to present an overview of local PWF provision in Australia. The analysis highlights some familiar problems associated with LGA infrastructure investment and service delivery, as well as some novel challenges posed for local managers by digital communication networks. Following an empirical mapping of PWF provision in Australia, we explore three significant themes that our research in this field highlights: accountability and transparency, competence in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT) and evaluation.     

陕甘边革命根据地文化建设的特点及作用

陕甘边革命根据地在创建和发展中积极开展文化建设,密切配合和促进了根据地的政权建设、军事斗争、土地改革、经济建设和社会改造等,为根据地的创建和发展做出了重要贡献,也彰显出文化建设的显著特点及历史作用。