“软暴力”入罪需坚守罪刑法定原则--以寻衅滋事案件为例

罪刑法定原则作为刑法的基本原则,在惩治"软暴力"犯罪中应当贯彻。由于"软暴力"尚未载入刑法典,司法实践中要将此类行为入罪,仍须沿着规范评价路径,以具体罪名的构成要件为演绎推理的大前提。同时,根据成文法主义要求,司法解释性质的文件可用作说理论据,但不能作为直接裁判依据,其溯及力可参照司法解释的溯及力加以理解。     

What to do about stalking: a preliminary study of how stalking victims responded to stalking and their perceptions of the effectiveness of these actions☆

While stalking researchers have cataloged various strategies used by victims to deal with stalking, little research has examined whether these strategies have proven effective. Using data collected from undergraduates at a Midwestern university, we examined the effects of informal responses for victims of both violent and nonviolent stalking who responded to the stalker on their own and victims who enlisted the help of others. Findings indicated that victims who enlisted help from family and friends in their informal responses to the stalker were more successful in attenuating the effects of both violent and nonviolent stalking. Victims of stalking generally were more likely than nonvictims to feel that formal coping strategies were ineffective.     

检察官“软”约束的规范化研究——以文本检视与实践透析为视角

职业伦理是检察官的"软"约束,是规范、引导检察官职业行为的重要依据。建构科学的检察官职业伦理规范体系,是司法改革背景下完善中国特色检察制度的必然要求。检视文本,我国检察官职业伦理规范存在的形式混乱、内容重复、类型繁杂等弊端,导致伦理规范缺乏系统性、简练性与明确性,制约着规范理性的实现;透析实践,检察官职业伦理规范在实际运行中陷入了检察权向行政权依附、"精英化"向"大众化"倾斜、职业信仰向社会人情屈从等困境,导致其无法真正发挥规范效力。因此,立足于规范理性与实践理性双重视角,应该通过提升检察官职业伦理规范的科学性、巩固检察官职业伦理建构的"职业化"根基、优化检察官职业伦理培养机制及加强职业伦理规范运行监督等措施,完善我国检察官职业伦理规范体系。     

论"反美主义"的客观现实根源

当前在整个世界蔓延的"反美主义"作为一种客观现象已引起美国甚至整个西方理论界的普遍关注和争论.但美国国内大多数政客和理论家仍然在"反美主义"形成的原因问题上制造种种偏执的理论来误导美国民众和国际舆论.这不仅不利于美国自身的反省,也元助于美国化解由于它自身的错误而导致的遍及世界的反美情绪.笔者在此对"反美主义"形成的历史和客观现实根源作一番分析,以澄清事实的本来面目.     

软组织挤压伤对大鼠胸主动脉反应性张力的影响

目的 观察大鼠软组织挤压伤后胸主动脉反应性张力的变化,探讨一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)在血管反应性张力变化中的作用.方法 成年SD大鼠30只,随机分为对照组、挤压后8 h组、挤压后16 h组.制备内皮完整和去内皮离体胸主动脉血管环,首先用离体血管张力检测技术测定内皮完整血管环对苯肾上腺素(phenylep...     

关于公安文化软实力研究的探讨——兼谈传统文化对当代公安文化建设的启示

当前价值多元化的社会环境对警察素质和道德提出严峻考验。面对此形式,有必要重新审视自身传统文化资源和国外警察文化资源,古为今用,洋为中用,批判地继承和吸收,以促进当代公安文化的建设,增强公安文化软实力。传统文化中的"忠"、"仁"、"勇"、"公廉"这四种传统文化精神完全可以对接当代公安文化的建设。     

论和谐商法

在当代中国,由于政治哲学已由斗争哲学转向和谐哲学,法治观念亦由"以法治国"转向"良法善治",商法应以和谐哲学为基础构建和谐商法。事实上,自20世纪50年代以来,法律的国家强制性遭遇了强烈的挑战,法律的强制力逐渐"软化",这为以软商法为代表的和谐商法的提出提供了法理学支持。从商法的历史来看,和谐一直是商法的文化传统,特别是软商法的文化传统。同时,和谐也一直是软商法的终极价值,软商法的秩序、正义、效率及自由价值均以和谐作为基础。不过,对构建和谐商法来说,适度的国家强制也必不可少,只有软硬商法结合才能构建中国特色的社会主义和谐商法。     

社会主义核心价值体系是当代中国第一软实力

如何提升国家软实力已经成为世界各国广泛关注的重大问题,我国也高度重视国家软实力的提升,并且把国家软实力建设和国家文化软实力建设上升到国家战略地位.“社会主义核心价值体系是当代中国第一软实力”是关乎国家软实力建设的一个重要命题,其内容主要表现为马克思主义指导思想具有最根本的思想软实力,中国特色社会主义共同理想具有最强劲的理想软实力,以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神具有最雄厚的精神软实力,社会主义荣辱观具有最鲜明的道德软实力.在当代中国,要科学有效地提升国家软实力和国家文化软实力,必须坚定不移地把社会主义核心价值体系作为第一软实力,把推进社会主义核心价值体系建设作为第一任务,宣传好,落实好.     

Punishment justifications in rape cases: a community study

Norway is one of the countries with the most progressive criminal justice systems in the Western world. Traditionally, the Norwegian criminal justice system has been mainly based on treatment and deterrence perspectives. While it is believed that criminal justice practices should be in accordance with public attitudes, few studies in Scandinavia have investigated public attitudes towards criminal justice sanctions in a methodologically sound manner. The current study is the first to investigate the attitudes of the Norwegian public towards punishment of rapists. In a Norwegian community sample (N = 475) from 2005, participants found the typical sentencing severity of a convicted rapist too lenient. The participants did report that as a global sentencing orientation, they preferred incapacitation. When presented with a specific rape case, their sentencing judgements were oriented towards both incapacitation and retribution, but their global orientation were not related to their specific judgements. Aggravating circumstances (e.g. violence was used) were found to influence the participants’ judgements more than when no aggravating circumstances were present (e.g. no violence was used). Few gender or educational differences were found, which indicates that these attitudes towards punishment of rapists are quite consistent across demographical groups.