Justice in Health Care Decision-Making: Patients’ Appraisals of Health Care Providers and Health Plan Representatives

This study describes the development of two versions of a Health Care Justice Inventory (HCJI). One version focuses on patients interactions with their providers (HCJI-P) and the other focuses on patients interactions with the representatives of their health plans (HCJI-HP). Each version of the HCJI assesses patients appraisals of their interactions (with either their Provider or representatives of their Health Plan) along three common dimensions of procedural justice: Trust, Impartiality, and Participation. Both the Provider and Health Plan scales assess indices that are relatively independent of patients demographic characteristics. In addition, patients appraisals of their interactions with their provider were only moderately related to their appraisals of their interactions with representatives of their health plan, indicating that the Provider and Health Plan scales tap distinct aspects of patients overall experience with the health care system. Overall, procedural justice dimensions were significantly related to patient satisfaction in both the Provider and the Health Plan contexts. As predicted, procedural justice factors were more strongly tied to patient satisfaction in the Provider than in the Health Plan context, and health care decisions based on distributive justice principles of Need (rather than Equity or Equality) were most closely tied to patient satisfaction in both contexts.     

Global and Neighborhood Attitudes Toward the Police: Differentiation by Race,Ethnicity and Type of Contact

This study focused on a series of hypotheses regarding residents’ attitudes toward the police: (1) residents’ attitudes toward the police are better represented by a two-dimensional model that differentiates global perceptions of the police from assessments of the police in the respondents’ neighborhood; (2) the structure of residents’ attitudes toward the police is different for Whites, African Americans, and Latinos; (3) direct experiences with the police in the respondents’ neighborhood will be more strongly associated with the respondents’ assessment of police in their neighborhood than global perceptions of the police; and (4) the influence of direct experiences with the police will be stronger for African Americans and Latinos than for Whites. Results based on structural equation modeling offer strong support for the need to differentiate between global and neighborhood perceptions of the police. The underlining measurement structure of attitudes toward the police was similar for Whites, African Americans, and Latinos. However, the relationship between global and neighborhood attitudes was stronger for African Americans and Latinos. Negative contact with the police was associated with both negative global and neighborhood assessments of the police. Non-negative contact was associated with positive neighborhood perceptions of the police; however, only when it occurred within the neighborhood. The influence of direct experiences with the police (both inside and outside the neighborhood) was similar for Whites, African Americans, and Latinos.     

从提高工会的维权能力入手,推进工会的党的先进性建设

在工会系统推进党的先进性建设,要从提高工会的维权能力入手.从党的先进性建设的角度,提高工会的维权能力,要围绕提高工会的群众工作能力,在群众化、民主化上下功夫;要围绕提高工会的维护职工合法权益的能力,在依法维护上下功夫;要围绕提高工会的社会参与能力,在构建和谐社会上下功夫;要围绕提高工会的开拓创新能力,在狠抓落实上下功夫.     

非公企业工会维权理论研究

随着我国以公有制为主体,多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度的初步形成,非公经济迅速发展.非公企业劳动关系的冲突对经济发展提出挑战,也对社会稳定造成冲击.因此研究非公企业工会维权的目标设定与理论支撑是十分必要的.     

建立在职民警开展大练兵长效机制的思考

在全国开展大练兵活动的新形势下,各地公安机关结合自身特点,探索出了很多实用的练兵方法及经验。但从各地、各警种的练兵情况看内容大同小异,还缺乏层级性,也无法达到练兵的根本要求,其原因是多方面的。为此,要建立在职民警开展大练兵长效机制:一是着眼长远、建立大练兵的科学发展观,夯实练兵基础;二是根据各警种特点,建立统一、规范的练兵标准;三是建立练兵各项制度,全面提升练兵质量;四是建立健全大练兵的激励机制。     

“黑哨”行为不能以犯罪论处

"黑哨"行为不仅备受足球运动领域有关人士的关注,而且,在法学界亦为百家争鸣.为数不少的学者认为,黑哨行为已构成受贿罪或公司、企业人员受贿罪.对于黑哨行为,本文作者认为不能以犯罪论处.对于前者(受贿罪),作者从黑哨裁判员的独特身份及明确中国足协的性质,黑哨裁判员与中国足协之间的关系以及足球裁判员受足协之托裁决比赛的行为等角度出发,否定了黑哨裁判员的受贿罪的主体资格.而对于后者(公司、企业人员受贿罪)作者则认为足球裁判员是履行其与中国足协所签订的合同关系.因而不符合犯罪构成的主体要件.     

国有企业职工参与的价值取向与组织体制 --二者非同步变化现象的案例研究

2002年案例厂的调查表明,职工参与的价值取向,是削弱企业内部部门之间利益的组合而确认阶层之间利益分化的合理性,以谋求企业在市场环境下的生存和发展.有趣的是,职工参与的组织体制却是相对不变化的.企业行政管治的职能仍然存在,甚至进一步强化;而原来适应部门利益组合职能的企业内部部门、企业"单位"的组织形式,仍然能够担负阶层利益组合的职能,具有可观的生命力.也就是说,企业经营管理者阶层运用的行政手段仍然存在,甚至进一步强化;而普通职工阶层尚没有市场经济中一般意义上独立的组织身份,是在行政体制内寻找参与活动的空间.     

世界银行扶贫贷款项目机构的满意度与期望值研究

本文是关于中国西南扶贫世界银行贷款项目贵州项目区受益农户、业务局对世行扶贫项目机构的满意度、管理印象、期望值的调查结果的实证分析。调查结果显示 ,不同民族、不同文化者均表示出对项目机构较好的满意度、心理认同和较高的期望值。从中也说明 ,世界银行贷款扶贫项目机构的制度化、专业化、规范化职能体系和财务报帐机制是扶贫项目机构在五年的项目过程中项目受益地产生良好社会效益的根本原因之一。同时扶贫项目机构不仅造就一批高素质、极具敬业精神和现代管理意识的管理队伍 ,而且这一“财富”又将有助于推动这一世纪的国际社会主题———“相对贫困”的扶贫管理工作走向科学和高效化。所以 ,项目机构建设的研究应该是长期而艰巨的     

Female victims of child sexual abuse: Adult adjustment

A questionnaire administered to a University sample of 245 female victims of sexual child abuse and 750 nonvictims attempted to determine whether abuse is related to poor adult social and psychological adjustment. The instrument consisted of three outcome measures of adjustment, variables directly related to abuse, perceived satisfaction with early family life, and demographic data. Only one of the outcome measures — the Texas Social Behavior Inventory — yielded a statistically significant difference between the samples. There was a steady, significant and progressive increase in maladjustment between the nonabused, the nonincestuously abused and the incest victims. When controls were applied for levels of satisfaction with early family life, differences between the abused and nonabused samples disappeared. Those abused as children who reported good treatment by parents exhibited no ill effects as adults on the TSBI.     

数字图书馆的人才队伍建设

数字图书馆具有收藏数字化、操作电脑化、传递网络化、存贮自由化、资源共享化和结构连接化等特点。它的建设是一项技术复杂、规模庞大的浩瀚知识工程,需要具有组织运营与管理决策领导人员;精通计算机技术、数字技术、网络信息技术的专业技术人员;既懂图书情报业务,又熟悉图书馆资源和网上资源的开发利用,还通晓外语知识、知识产权法的专业管理人员。因此,要重视人才,加强人才队伍建设,加大培训力度,并利用新的机制积极引进人才。